g,    0.    CARUTHERS, 


THE 

AMERICAN  TRAVELLER; 


THROUGH  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

CONTAINING 
BRIEF  NOTICES  OF  THE  SEVERAL 

STATES,  CITIES,  PRINCIPAL  TOWNS, 
CANALS  AND  RAIL  ROADS,  &c. 

WITH 

STatUs  of  Utstancnj, 

BY  STAGE,  CANAL  AND   STEAM  BOAT  ROUTES. 

The  whole 

Alphabetically  arranged,  with  direct  Reference  to  the 
accompanying  Mop  of  the  Roads,  Canals, 
and  Railways  of  the.  United  States*  «  r 


SECOND   EDITION 


BY  H.  S.  TANNER. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

PUBLISHED   BY  THE  AUTHOR,  SHAKSPEARE 
BUILDINGS. 

1836, 


Entered,  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1836, 
BY  H.   S.   TANNER, 

In  the  office  of  the  Clerk  of  the  District  Court  of  the 
Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania. 


PREFACE. 


BREVITY  being  an  essential  quality  in  a  book  designed  for 
the  pocket  of  the  traveller,  I  have  endeavoured  to  embody 
within  the  compass  of  a  small  volume,  as  many  facts,  and 
as  much  useful  information,  as  a  due  regard  to  the  leading 
object  of  the  present  work  would  admit.  I  have  therefore 
omitted  all  such  details  and  extraneous  matters,  as  would  on- 
ly  serve  to  augment  the  size  of  the  volume,  without  produc 
ing  a  corresponding  increase  of  utility.  The  work  will 
accordingly  be  found  to  consist  of  little  else  than  very  con 
cise  statements  of  such  facts  in  relation  to  the  several  states, 
their  population,  number  of  counties,  area,  forms  of  govern- 
ment,  cities,  towns,  roads,  canals,  distances,  &c.  as  would 
be  most  likely  to  prove  useful  to,  or  deserve  the  notice  of 
the  traveller. 

Under  the  head  of  each  city,  or  large  town,  is  given  an 
account,  arranged  in  tabular  form,  of  all  the  leading  routes 
from  each,  distinguishing  between  those  by  Steam-boats, 
Stages  or  Canal-boats,  with  the  distances  from  place  to 
place,  carefully  noted. 

A  brief  account  of  the  principal  objects  of  curiosity,  in 
or  near  the  larger  towns,  will  also  be  found  under  the  head 
of  each. 

With  regard  to  the  canals  and  rail-roads  of  the  United 
State?,  the  reader  will  perceive,  that  I  have  entered  rather 
more  into  details  that  in  the  other  parts  of  the  work. 

Regarding  the  subject  as  one  of  importance,  I  have 
drawn  up  from  the  most  authentic  sources,  accounts  of 
those  works  which  will  be  found  under  the  heads  of  the 
respective  states.  Those  accounts  will  elucidate  the  extent, 
points  of  commencement  and  termination,  and  such  other 
facts,  as  are  considered  important  in  reference  to  the 
general  system  of  internal  improvements  in  our  country. 


The  accompanying  map,  it  will  be  perceived,  exhibits  all 
the  leading  towns,  roads,  canals,  &c.  with  the  distances 
from  one  place  to  another,  distinctly  indicated  by  figures. 
The  numbers  contained  in  each  of  the  rhombs,  formed  by 
the  intersecting  lines  oflatitude  and  longitude,  refer  to  cor 
responding  numbers  in  the  descriptive  volume. 

By  consulting  either  the  book  or  map,  the  place  sought  for 
in  the  other  can  be  found  with  great  facility. 

In  addition  to  the  information  contained  in  the  body  of 
the  map  ;  there  are  appended  to  the  same  sheet,  the  following 
supplementary  maps,  plans,  &,c. — 1.  Environs  of  Boston. 
2.  Of  Providence.  3.  Of  New  York.  4.  Of  Philadelphia. 
5.  Of  Baltimore  and  Washington,  with  a  plan  of  the  City 
of  Washington.  6.  Of  Richmond,  Va.  7.  Of  Charleston. 
8.  Of  Quebec.  9.  Of  Montreal.  10.  Of  the  falls  of  Nia 
gara.  11.  Of  Albany.  12.  Of  Pottsville,  Pa.  13.  Pittsburg, 
14.  Map  of  the  Hudson  River.  15.  Plan  of  Cincinnati.  16. 
Of  Louisville,  Ohio.  17.  Of  New  Orleans.  Four  additional 
plans  on  a  more  extended  scale,  of  Boston,  New  York,  Phil- 
adelphia  and  Baltimore,  respectively,  will  be  found  opposite 
the  description  of  each  of  those  places  in  the  volume. 

H.  S.  TANNER. 


THE          • 

AMERICAN  TRAVELLER,  &c. 


EXPLANATION. 

To  find  tho  position  of  any  place  on  the  map,  observe  the  num 
ber  in  brackets,  thus,  (100,)  immediately  succeeding  the  name  in 
the  volume.  Look  for  the  corresponding  number  on  the  map,  and 
within  the  rhomb  containing  that  number,  the  place  sought  for 
will  be  found.  The  map  itself  contains  in  each  of  the  rhombs, 
figures  which  refer  to  the  index;  thus  reciprocally  tending  to  faci 
litate  their  use  and  application,  one  to  the  other. 

Abbreviations.  Me.  Maine.  N.  H.  New  Hampshire.  Vt.  Ver 
mont.  Mass.  Massachusetts.  R.  I.  Rhode  Island.  Ct.  Connec 
ticut.  N.  Y.  New  York.  N.  J.  New  Jersey.  Pa.  Pennsylvania. 
D.  Delaware.  Md.  Maryland.  Va.  Virginia.  N.  C.  North  Ca 
rolina.  S.C.  South  Carolina.  G.  Gorgia.  F.Florida.  Al.  Al 
abama.  Miss.  Mississippi.  L.  Louisiani.  Ark.  Arkansis.  Ten. 
Tennessee.  K.  Kentucky.  Mo.  Missouri.  II.  Illinois.  In.  In- 
dianna.  Mic.  Michigan.  O.Ohio.  Can.  Canada.  C.  H.  Court-house. 
R.  River.  The  population  of  the  several  states,  &c.  is  given, 
according  to  the  census  of  1830,  unless  otherwise  expressed. 

The  great  leading  roruls  can  be  found  by  referring  to  the  cities 
and  towns  through  which  they  pass,  thus  for  example,  if  the  road 
from  Washington  to  New  Orleans,  be  required,  turn  to  the  article 
"  Washington,"  where  will  be  found  the  route  to  Richmond  Va. 
then  to  that  of  "Richmond,"  where  the  road  to  Raleigh  is  given, 
and  so  on. 


ARE  ALA 

Abbot's  Town,  Pa.  (155.)         Alabama  Paver,  (299.) 
Adcocks,  N.  C.  (236.) 

Alabama,  state  of,  (247,)  is  divided  into  forty-six  coun 
ties,  and  contained  in  1830,  a  population  of  300,527,  in 
cluding  1 1 7,549  slaves.  Area  52,000  square  miles.  Capital, 
Tuscaloosa.  Metropolis,  Mobile,  Lat.  30°  41'.  Long.  11° 
12'  W.  General  election,  first  Monday  in  August.  Legis 
lature  meet,  fourth  Monday  in  October.  Constitution 
formed,  1819. 

1* 


ALABAMA. 

Government. — The  Governor  is  elected  for  two  years  ; 
salary  $2,000.  Secretary  of  State,  Treasurer  and  Comp 
troller  of  Public  Accounts; — salary  of  each  $1,000. 

Legislature.—  The  legislative  power  is  vested  in  two 
brandies;  a  .Senate  end  House  of  Representatives,  which 
tog-ether  are  styled  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  of 
Atabamli. 

'The  representatives  aro  elected  annually,  and  are  appor 
tioned  among  the  different  counties  in  proportion  to  the 
white  population  ;  the  whole  number  cannot  exceed  100, 
nor  fall  short  of  60.  The  senators  are  elected  for  three 
years,  and  one-third  of  them  are  chosen  every  year.  Their 
number  cannot  be  more  than  one-third,  nor  less  than  one- 
fourth  the  number  of  the  representatives. 

Judiciary. — The  judicial  power  is  vested  in  a  supreme 
court,  in  circuit  courts,  and  such  inferior  courts  as  the 
General  Assembly  may,  from  time  to  time,  direct  or  estab 
lish.  The  Judges,  are  elected  by  joint  votes  of  both  houses 
of  the  General  Assembly,  every  six  years. 

The  supreme  court  consists  of  seven  Judges  ;  and  the 
state  is  divided  into  seven  Circuits,  in  each  of  which  a  judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  presides  as  a  circuit  judge.  The 
salary  of  eacli  of  these  judges  is  $1,750. 

Physical  Structure. — In  tl>e  northern  part  of  Alabama, 
mountains  of  considerable  elevation  occur  between  the  val 
ley  of  the  Tennessee  and  the  head  waters  of  the  Tornbec- 
bee,  Black  Warrior,  &c.  Here  the  forests  consist  chiefly  of 
oak,  ash,  hickory,  elm,  poplar,  (fee.  The  central  and 
southern  portions  of  the  state,  are  nearly  destitute  of  moun 
tains,  which  wholly  disappear  in  the  south.  The  products 
of  the  forests  here,  are  similar  to  those  in  the  north,  but 
insterspersod  with  pine,  which  increases  towards  the  south, 
forming,  with  the  long  leaved-pine,  cypress,  gum,  swamp, 
oak,  holly,  &c.  the  immense  forest  which  still  exists  there. 

Rivers. — Tennessee,  Alabama,  Talapoosa,  Coosa,  Ca- 
hawba,  Tombecbee,  Black  Warrior,  Chattahooche,  &c. 

Productions.— Cotton  and  corn  are  the  chief,  rice  and 
sugar. 

Gold  has  been  found  in  the  northern  part  of  this 
state. 


ALBANY.  7 

Internal  Improvements. — Consist  of  a  Rail-road  now  in 
progress,  from  Decatur  in  Morgan  Co.  to  a  point  10  miles 
below  Tuscumbia,  on  the  Tennessee.  Length,  62  miles. 
Huntsville  Canal,  from  Triana,  on  the  Tennessee,  to  the 
town  of  Huntsville,  16  miles  in  length. 

A  canal  has  been  commenced,  extending  from  the  head 
of  the  muscle  shoals  to  Florence,  length  37  miles.  Other 
improvements  are  contemplated. 

Principal  Towns.     Mobile,  Blakely,  Montgomery,  Tus- 
caloosa,  Tuscumbia,  Florence,  Huntsville,  &,c. 
Alaqua,  FJ.  (313.)  Alachua  Ferry,  Fl.  (329.) 

Alatamaha  R.,  G.  (304.)  Albemarle    Sound,    N.   C. 

Alatamaha  Canal,  see  Geor-         (238.) 

aia,  (304.)  Albion,  II.  f!66.) 

Albany,  N.  Y.  (83.)  Capital  of  the  state  of  New  York, 
contains  a  population  of  about  35,000.  The  principal 
buildings  are :  the  Capital  in  State  street.  Academy  in 
which  the  lyceum  of  the  Albany  Institute  is  established. 
City  Hall  near  the  capitol,  and  about  20  churches,  some  of 
which  are  handsome  edifices ;  theatre,  museum,  public 
library,  several  banks,  &c.  The  canal  pier,  and  basin, 
deserve  particular  attention. 

ROUTES  FROM  ALBANY. 


To    New    York    by 

Steam     Singsing, 

10  113 

Boat. 

Phillips  burg, 

16  129 

Miles. 

New  York, 

16  145 

Coeymans, 

13 



Coxackie, 

7     20 

To  Buffalo  by  Erie 

Canal. 

Hudson, 

8    28 

Troy, 

7 

Catskill, 

6     34 

Junction, 

2      9 

(thence  to  Pine  Orch 

. 

Schenectady, 

19    28 

ard  14  miles.) 

Amsterdam, 

18    46 

Red  Hook  Landing, 

11     45 

Schoharie  Cr. 

7     53 

Kingston, 

10    55 

Caughnawaga, 

4     57 

Hyde  Park, 

10     65 

Canajoharie, 

12     69 

Pokeepsie, 

5     70 

Little  Falls, 

19    88 

Newburg, 

15     85 

Herkimer, 

7    95 

West  Point, 

8    93 

Frankfort, 

5  100 

Peekskill, 

10  103 

Utica, 

10  110 

ROUTES  FROM  ALBANY. 


Whitesboro, 

4  114 

Manchester, 

9  105 

Rome, 

11  125 

Vernon, 

8  113 

New  London, 

7  132 

Lenox, 

9  122 

Canistota, 

14  146 

Sullivan, 

8  130 

New  Boston, 

4  150 

Manlius, 

6  136 

Chitteningo, 

4  154 

West  Hills, 

12  148 

Manlius, 

8  162 

Skaneateles, 

14  162 

Syracuse, 

9  171 

Auburn, 

7  169 

Geddesburg, 

2  173 

Cayuga, 

9  178 

Canton, 

12  185 

Waterloo, 

8  186 

Jordan, 

6  191 

Geneva, 

6  192 

Weedsport, 

6  197 

Canandaigua, 

16  208 

Montezuma,  (Lake 

Bloomfield, 

9  217 

Port) 

9  206 

Lima, 

9  226 

Clyde, 

11  217 

Avon, 

7  233 

Lyons, 

9  226 

Caledonia, 

8  241 

Lockville, 

6  232 

Leroy, 

6  247 

Palmyra, 

9  241 

Batavia, 

10  257 

Fairport, 

11  252 

Pembroke, 

14  271 

Pittsford, 

8  260 

Ransom's  Grove, 

8  279 

Rochester, 

10  270 

Williamsville, 

8  287 

Ogden, 

12  282 

Buffalo, 

10  297 

Adams, 

3  285 



Brock  port, 

5  290 

To  Ithaca,  by  Stage. 

Holly, 

5  295 

Hamilton, 

8 

Albion, 

10  305 

Duanesburg, 

12    20 

Lock  port, 

28  333 

Esperance, 

6    26 

Pendleton, 

7  340 

Beekmansville, 

19    45 

Tonnewanta, 

12  352 

Cherry  Valley, 

7     52 

Buffalo, 

11  363 

Cooperstown, 

12     64 



Burlington, 

10     74 

To  Buffalo,  ly  Stage. 

Smyrna, 

20     94 

Schnectady,  by  R.  R 

16 

Deruyter, 

21  115 

Amsterdam, 

16    32 

Truxtun, 

10  125 

Caugbnawaga, 

11     43 

Cortlandt, 

13  138 

Palatine  Bridge, 

11     54 

Ithaca, 

21  159 

Manheim, 

13     67 



Little  Falls, 

7     74 

To  Socket's   Harbour   ly 

Herkimer, 

7     81 

Stage. 

Utica, 

15    96 

Utica, 

96 

ROUTES  FROM  ALBANY. 


Rome,                         16  112 

Fort  Edward,               8    46 

Fish  Creek,                 1  1  123 

Sandy  Hill,                    3     49 

Redfield,                      20  143 

Kingsbury,                     5     54 

Lorain,                         16  150 

Fort  Ann,                      4     58 

Adams,                          8  167 

Whitehall,                   14     72 

Sacket's  Harbor,         10  177 





To  Montreal,  by  Stage  and 

To  Ballston  and  Saratoga  by 

Steam  Boat. 

Rail  Road. 

Whitehall,  as  above,           72 

Schenectady,                      16 
Ballston,                      14     30 

f  Ticonderoga,      23     95 
Crown  Point,       J4  109 

Saratoga,                        6     36 

"3      Basin  Harbor,     12  121 

(thence  to  Lake  George 

pq    1  Essex,                   9  130 

32  miles.) 

5  J  Burlington,          15   145 



|  f  S.  Hero,                9  154 

To  Whitehall,  by  Champlain 

02      Plattsburg,            8  162 

Canal. 

£     Chazy                  14  176 

Troy,                                      7 

Isle  au  Noix,       15  191 

Junction,                       2       9 

.  St.  Johns,              9  200 

Watcrford,                      2     11 

La  Prairie,  by  Stage,  17  217 

Mechanicsville,             8     19 

Montreal,  by  Steam 

Stillwater,                     4     23 

Boat,                        8  225 

Bemus  Heights,           3     26 



Schuylersville,              9     35 

To  Burlington,    Vt.,via 

Fort  Miller,                  5     40 

Bennington,   Middlebu- 

Fort  Edward,               8     48 

ry,  Sfc.  by  Stage. 

Kingsbury,                   5     53 

Sand  Lake,                         1  1 

Fort  Ann,                      7     60 

Berlin,                        10    21 

Narrows,                       6     66 

Warm  Spring,              8    29 

Whitehall,                    6     72 

Pownall,                       4    33 



Bennington,                   8     41 

To  Whitehall,  by  Stage. 

Shaftsbury,                   8     49 

Troy,                                   6 

Sunderland,                  8     57 

Lansingburg,               3      9 
Waterfbrd,                     1     10 

Manchester,                  8     65 
Tin  mouth,                   18     83 

Mechanicsville,            8     18 

Rutland,                      17  100 

Stillwater,                    2     20 

Pittsford,                       8  108 

Schuylersville,            13     33 

Brandon,                       9  117 

Northumberland,         2    35 

Middlebury,                16  133 

Fort  Miller,                 3    38 

Vergennes,                 14  147 

10 


ALB 


ARE 


Charlotte,                     9  15G 

Northampton, 

Burlington,                 13  169 

Hadley, 



Belchertown, 

To  Boston,  by  Stage. 

Western, 

Union,                                 ]  1 

Brookfield, 

Lebanon  Spring,         14    25 

Spencer, 

Pittsfield,                     7    32 

Worcester, 

Dalton,                         5    37 

Farmtngton, 

Peru,                            9     46 

Brookline, 

Worthington,               9     55 

Boston, 

Chesterfield,                  5     60 

14    74 

4  78 
10    88 
14  102 

5  107 

8  115 

9  124 
21  145 
17  162 

4  169 


Alboro  Bay,  U.  C.  (75.) 
Aldie,  Va.076.) 
Allegheny  R.  Pa.  (103.) 
Allegheny  Portage  Rail   R. 

see  Pennsylvania,  (130.) 
Allentown  Pa.  (133.) 
Alligator  Pt.  Fl.  (328.) 


Alexandria,  N.  Y.  (34.) 
Alexandria,  Me.  (42.) 
Alexandria,  II.  (93.) 
Alexandria,  Pa.  (128.) 
Alexandria,  Mo.  (142.) 
Alexandria  Canal,   see 
lumbia,  (176.) 


Co. 


Alexandria,  D.  C.  (176.)  A  neat  and  pleasant  city  and 
port  of  entry,  on  the  right  bank  of  the  Potomac,  occupies 
the  southern  angle  of  the  District  of  Columbia.  Popula 
tion  about  9,000.  The  public  buildings  are,  a  Court  house, 
six  churches,  two  banks,  &c. 

(For  routes  from  Alexandria,  see  Washington,  D.  C,) 


Alexandria,  L.  (294.) 
Alfred,  Me.  (63.) 
Alton,  II.  (163.) 
Alston,  S.  C.  (274.) 
Amboy,  N.  J.  (134.) 
America,  II.  (185.) 
Amesville,  O.  (151.) 
Amhurst,  U.  C.  (74.) 
Amhurst,  N.  H,  (85.) 
Amhurst  C.  H.  Va.  (195.) 
Amsterdam,  N.  Y.  (82.) 
Amelia  I.,  F.  (318.) 
Amoskeag   Canal,,  See  New 
Hampshire,  (62.) 


Alachua,  F.  (315.) 
Anastatia  I.  F.  (330.) 
Annapolis,  Md.   (Capital  of 

the  State),  (177.) 
Andover,  Mass.  (85.) 
Ann  Arbour,  Mich.  (73.) 
Antwerp,  N.Y.  (34.) 
Andersonville,  S.  C.  (252.) 
Angelica,  N.  Y.  (78.) 
Anson^Me.  (40.) 
Appalachie  Bay,  F.  (327.) 
Applington,  G.  (271.) 
Arringtons,  N.  C.  (216.) 


ARKANSAS.  11 

Arkansas  territory,  (220,)  is  divided  into  30  counties. 
Population  in  1830,  30,388,  including  4,575  slaves.  Area, 
60,700  square  miles.  Capital,  Little  Rock.  Metropolis, 
Arkansas.  Lat.  34°  N.  Long.  14°  21'  W.  The  officers  of 
the  government  are  appointed  by  the  President  and  Senate 
of  the  United  States. 

Government. — The  Governor  is  appointed  by  the  Presi 
dent,  by  and  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate, — salary,  $2,000 
per  annum  ;  Secretary,  do. — salary,  $1,000  per  annum. 

There  is  a  legislative  Council  consisting  of  five  mem 
bers;  and  a  House  of  Representatives  comprising  twenty- 
three  members,  who  are  elected  biennially,  on  the  first 
Monday  in  August ;  and  they  meet  in  the  following  Octo 
ber. 

Judiciary. — There  are  four  Judges,  appointed  by  the 
President,  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate.  They  hold 
Circuit  Courts  throughout  the  territory.  The  salary  of 
each  is  $1,500.  There  is  an  Attorney  and  a  Marshal  for 
the  United  States. 

Physical  Structure. — In  the  eastern  part  of  the  Territory, 
it  is  level,  portions  of  it  often  inundated ;  in  the  centre, 
hills  begin  to  show  themselves,  and  further  west  the  country 
becomes  mountainous,  though  level  and  elevated  plains  of 
considerable  extent  occur  between  the  ridges. 

Rivers. — Arkansas,  St.  Francis,  White,  Washita,  Red, 
&c. 

Productions. — Cotton,  Corn,  Wheat;  the  Peach,  Grape, 
Plum,  and  some  other  fruits  flourish  in  great  abundance. 

Towns. — Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  Point  Chicot,  St.  Fran 
cis,  Jackson,  Batesville,  Litchfield,  Lewisburg,  Helena, 
Jefferson,  Scotia,  &c. 

Arkansas  River,  Ark.  (242.)  Asheville,  Ala.  (267.) 

Arkansas,  Ark.  (243.)  Atchafalaya  R.,  Lou.  (322.) 

Arlington,  Vt.  (60.)  Atchafalaya  Bay,  Lou.  (322.) 

Armagh,  P.  (129.)  Athens,  P.  (106.) 

Ash,  Va.  (176.)  Athens,  O.  (150.) 

Assatcaguc  I.,  Md.  (178.)  Athens,  II.  (164.) 

Asheville,  N.  C.  (232.)  Athens,  T.  (230.) 

Ashboro,  N.  C.  (235.)  Athens,  Ala.  (247.) 


15  ATM  fcALLSTON. 

Athens,  G.  (270.)  Aurora,  II.  (145.) 

Atkins,  Va,  (21 3.)  Aurora,  O.  (101.) 

Atlas,  II.  (142.)  Austenville,  Va.  (214.) 

Auburn,  N.  Y.  (80.)  Autauga,  Ala.  (284.) 

Augusta,  K.  (170.)  Averysboro,  N.  C.  (236.) 

Augusta,  Miss.  (297.)  Avon,  Me.  (39.) 

Augusta,  G.  (272.)  Avon,  N.  Y.  (79.) 
Aurora,  N.  Y.  (80.) 

B. 

Back  Bay,  Va.  (219.)  Balcony   Falls   Canal,   see 

Bainbridge,  O.  (149.)  Virginia,  (195.) 

Bairibridge,  G.  (303.)  Balize,  Lou.  (325.) 

Ballston  Spa,  N.  Y.  (83.)  The  Springs  at  Ballston  have 
long  been  celebrated  for  their  medicinal  virtues,  and  are 
resorted  to  by  many  invalids  and  others.  The  waters  re 
semble  those  of  Saratoga,  though  not  so  strongly  impreg 
nated  with  the  mineral  ingredients.  There  are  several 
good  Hotels  and  private  Boarding  Houses,  Reading  Rooms, 
&c.  in  the  village,  which  is  justly  regarded  as  one  of  the 
most  pleasant  and  salubrious  places  of  resort,  in  the  country. 

ROUTES  FROM  BALLSTON. 


Saratoga  Springs,                 6 
Saratoga  Lake,                      6 
Schenectady,  by  Rail  R.    14 
Albany,                 "             30 

Waterford,  by  Stage, 
Glenn's  Falls» 
Lake  George, 

22 
25 
38 

Ballsville,  Va.  (196.) 

Baltimore,  Md.  (156.)  Is  the  chief  city  in  Maryland, 
and  the  third  in  point  of  population  in  the  United  States. 
It  occupies  a  favourable  position  and  appears  to  much  ad 
vantage  on  approaching  it  from  the  west.  The  country 
immediately  in  the  rear  swells  into  hills,  sufficiently  eleva 
ted  to  afford  an  extensive  view  of  the  city  and  its  environs, 
and  to  render  -the  entire  landscape  particularly  attractive. 
Population  in  1830,  80,625.  The  objects  most  worthy  of 
attention,  are  Washington  Monument,  at  the  intersection  of 
Charles  and  Monument  Streets ;  it  is  surmounted  by  a  colo- 


BALTIMORE. 


13 


sal  statue  of  Washington,  elevated  163  feet.  Battle  Monu 
ment  in  Calvert  street.  Exchange  in  Gay  street.  City 
Spring-  in  Calvert  street.  Penitentiary  on  Madison  street. 
Hospital  in  the  N.  VV.  suburbs.  Cathedral ;  Custom  House; 
two  Colleges;  University  buildings;  Alms  House;  Court 
House;  two  Theatres;  Museum;  Water  Works,  &c.  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  BALTIMORE. 


To  Philadelphia  by  S.  Boat       To  Washington  by  Stage. 

and  Rail  Road. 

Elkridge  Landing,               8 

Fort  M'Henry, 

3 

Waterloo,                        5  13 

Sparrows  Ft.                 6 

9 

Vansville,                      10  23 

North  Ft.                       3 

12 

Bladensburg,                   8  31 

Fool's  Island,              13 

25 

Washington,                   6  37 

Turkey  Pt.                 23 

48 



Frenchtown,                16 

64 

To  Washington  by  Steam 

N.  Castle,  by  R.  R.     16 

80 

Boat. 

Chester,  by  S.  Boat,  17 

97 

Bodkin  Pt.                          13 

Philadelphia,              18 

115 

Herring  Bay,              32     45 



Patuxent,                    32     77 

To  Philadelphia  by  Steam 

Pt.  Lookout,               20     97 

Boat  and  Canal. 

Washington's  B.  P.    31  128 

Turkey  Pt.  as  above, 

48 

Matthews  Pt              18  146 

f  Bohemia,             10 

58 

Cook's  Ferry,              23  169 

~      Deep  Cut,             5 

63 

Mt.  Vernon,                18  187 

c  J  St.  Georges,          4 

67 

Alexandria,                   9  196 

O      Delaware  City,    5 

72 

Washington,                 8  204 

[NewCastle,          6 

78 



Philadelphia,               35 

113 

To  Wheeling,   Va.  by  Rail 

. 

Road  and  Stage. 

To  Philadelphia  by  Stage. 

'  Deep  Cut,                     2 

Gunpowder  V. 

14 

Washington  road,  3    5 

Abingdon,                      1C 

24 

1      Still  house  run,       1     6 

Havre  De  Grace,          10 

34 

pS   .  Patapsco  river,        4  10 

Elkton,                          16 

50 

-  1  Ellicotts,                 2  12 

Wilmington,                 2C 

70 

fg      Eagle  Factory,       2  14 

Chester,                          13 

83 

Crossing  of  Pa- 

Philadelphia,                15 

98          I     tapsco,               15  26 

14 


BAL 


BAR 


rSykes,                    3  29 

To  Frederick  by 

Stage. 

^   1  Gillets  run,             6  35 

Ellicotts, 

10 

jS   |  Parrsville,               5  40 

Lisbon, 

12  22 

~  1  New  Market,          6  46 

Poplar  Spring, 

5  27 

,5   1  Monocacy  river,     9  55 

Parrsville, 

4  31 

t  Frederick,              4  59 

New  Market, 

5  36 

(Thence  to  the  Pt.  of 

Frederick, 

11  47 

Rocks,  11  miles.) 

.  

Middletown,                 9     68 

To  Annapolis,  by 

Stage. 

Boonsboro,                     7     75 

Patapsco  R. 

7 

(Thence  to  Hagcrs- 

Indian  Landing, 

14  21 

tovvn  11  miles.) 

Annapolis, 

9  30 

Williamsport,             12     87 



Big  Spring,                 10     97 

To  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

by  Stage. 

Hancock,                     17  114 

Hook  ton, 

6 

Prattsville,                  18  132 

Reistcrton, 

11  17 

f  Cumberland,       21  153 

Westminster, 

12  29 

Mt.  Pleasant,      10  163 

Petersburg, 

15  44 

T3      Petersburg,         25  188 

Gettysburg, 

10  54 

J      Smythfield,j          4  192 



5  J  Union,                 21  213 

To  York,  Pa.  by  Stage. 

a  }  Brownsville,        12  225 

Govanston, 

5 

•js      Hillsboro,            11  236 

Towsenton, 

2     7 

;g      Washington,       12  248 

Golden  Ho. 

7  14 

W.  Alexandria,  15  263 

Hereford, 

7  21 

L  Wheeling,          16  279 

Wisebury, 

2  23 

Strasburg, 

11  34 

York, 

14  48 

Baltimore  and  Ohio  Rail 
Road.  See  Maryland, 
(156.) 

Baltimore  and  Susquehanna 
Rail  Road.  See  Mary 
land,  (156.) 

Baltimore  and  Port  Deposit 
Rail  Road.  See  Mary- 
land,  (156.) 

Baltimore  and  Washington 
R.  Road.  See  Md.  (156.) 


Bangor,  Me.  (41.) 
Banister,  Va.  (216.) 
Barataria  Bay,  Lou.  (323.) 
Barataria  Lake,  Lou.  (323.) 
Barbourville,  K.  (211.) 
Bardstown,  K.  (189.) 
Bargaintown,  N.  J.  (158.) 
Barnegat  Inlet,  N.  J.  (158.) 
Barnesvillc,  O.  (151.) 
Barnstable,  Mass.  (112.) 
Barnwell,S.C.  (272.) 


BAR 


BER 


15 


Batavia,  N.  Y.  (55.) 
Bartonville,  Mo.  (163.) 
Batcsvillc,  Ark.  (233.) 
Bath,  N.  Y.  (79.) 
Bath  Rail  Road.     See  New 

York,  (79.) 
Bath,  Va.  (154.) 
Bath,  N.  C.  (238.) 
Baton  Rouge,  Lou.  (308.) 
Bays  T.,  N.  C.  (231.) 
Beaufort,  N.  C.  (258.) 
Beans  Station/!1.  (2 11.) 
Beaver,  P.  (128.) 
Beaufort,  S.  C.  (290.) 
Beardstown,  II.  (118.) 
Beck's  Settlement,  II.  (144.) 
Bedford,  N.  Y.  (109.) 
Bedford,  P.  (130.) 
Bellair,  Md.  (156.) 
Belle  Fontaine,  O.  (125.) 
Belleville,  II.  (164.) 
Bellville  K.  (187.) 
Bellcfonte,  P.  (131.) 
Belfast,  Me.  (40.) 
Belfont,  Ala.  (248.) 
Belgrade,  II.  (186.) 
Bcclersville,  F.  (312.) 
Bellows  Falls   Canal.    See 

Vermont,  (61.) 
Belmont,  P.  (107.) 
Belpre,  O.  (151.) 
Belvedere,  N.  J.  (133.) 
Bennetvillc,  S.  C.  (255.) 
Bennington,  Vt.  (83.) 
Benton,  Vt.  (60.) 
Benton,  Mo.  (185.) 
Benton,  Miss.  (280.) 
Berkshire,  Vt.  (37.) 
Berlin,  P.  (154.) 
Berges,  N.  C.  (236.) 


Berwick,  P.  (106.) 
Berkshire,  O.  (126.) 
Bertrand,  Lou.  (277.) 
Bethany,  P.  (107.) 
Bethania,  N.  C.  (214.) 
Bethlehem,  P.  (133.) 
Beverly,  Va.  (173.) 
Big  Hatchee,  R.  T.  (225.) 
Bird,  N.  C.  (273.) 
Big  Spring,  K.  (188.) 
B.  la  Fourche,  Lou.  (323.) 
Binghamton,  N.  Y.  (81.) 
Blacksburg,  Mich.  (70.) 
Blacksburg,  Va.  (194.) 
Black's  R.  Ark.  (204.) 
Black's  Bluff,  Ala.  (299.) 
Blackwater,  Va.  (218.) 
Blakely,  G.  (301.) 
Blakely,  Ala.  (311.) 
Blandfbrd,  Mass.  (84.) 
Block  I.,  R.  I.  (111.) 
Bloomfield,  N.  Y.  (79.) 
Bloomfield,  K.  (189.) 
Bloomfield,  Ind.  (146.) 
Blootnington,  Ind.  (146.) 
Blountville,  T.  (212.) 
Blountsville,  Ala.  (248.) 
Boardman,  O.  (102.) 
Boat  Yard,  or  Kingsport, 

T.  (212.) 

Bogue  Inlet,  N.  C.  (257.) 
Bolivar,  Miss.  (265.) 
Bolivar,  T.  (226.) 
Bolton,  Mass.  (85.) 
Boonville,  N.  Y.  (58.) 
Boonville,  Mo.  (161.) 
Boonsville,  Ind.  (166.) 
Bordentown,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Boston,  Me.  (19.) 


16  BOSTON. 

Bellows  Falls   Canal    See         Virginia,  (176.) 

Vermont,  (610  Blackstone  Canal.    See  Mas- 

Belleplain  Rail  Road,     See         sachuselts,  (85.) 

Boston,  Mass.  (85.)  Is  the  chief  city  of  Massachusetts, 
and  the  fourth  in  magnitude  in  the  United  States.  It  is  sit 
uated  on  a  peninsula,  which  extends  in  a  north-east  direc 
tion  from  the  main  land,  with  which  it  is  connected  by  seve 
ral  bridges,  in  addition  to"  the  neck"  so  called.  Its  outline 
is  about  five  miles  in  extent.  There  are  several  thriving 
villages  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Boston,  which  may  be 
considered  as  parts  of  the  city,  though  under  different 
municipal  regulations. 

The  principal  of  these  villages,  are  Charleston,  Lechmere 
point,  the  Neck,  and  South  Boston.  \  The  objects  of  interest, 
in  and  about  Boston,  are — Tremont  house,  in  Common  st., 
an  immense  hotel  containing  202  apartments.^  State  house, 
opposite  the  common,  (western  part  of  the  city).  Old  State 
house,  Court  street.  Faneuel  hall,  in  Chatham  St.  Theatre, 
Federal  street.  Tremont  Theatre.  Atheneum.  Statue  of 
Washington  in  the  state-house.  Navy  Yard,  and  Breed's 
hill,  rendered  memorable  by  the  battle  between  the  British 
and  American  forces,  on  the  17th  of  June,  1775,  commonly 
called  the  battle  of  Bunker's  Hill. 

Besides  the  buildings  devoted  to  public  uses,  there  is  in 
Boston,  an  unusual  proportion  of  splendid  private  dwellings, 
churches,  and  scientific  and  literary  institutions,  forming 
altogether,  one  of  the  most  attractive  places  in  the  Union. 

ROUTES  FROM  BOSTON. 


To  Albany  by  Stage. 

Chesterfield, 

14  106 

Brookline, 

4 

Peru, 

14  120 

Farmingham, 

17 

21 

Dalton, 

9  129 

Westboro, 

10 

31 

Pittsfield, 

5  134 

Worcester, 

11 

42 

Lebanon  Springs, 

7  141 

Spencer, 

9 

51 

Albany, 

25  166 

Brookfield, 

8 

59 



Belchertown, 

19 

78 

To  Hartford,  by 

Stage. 

Hadley, 

10 

88 

Brookline, 

4 

Northampton, 

4 

92 

Dover, 

U    15 

ROUTES  FROM  BOSTON.                           17 

Medway,                    12    27 

Taunton,                      12  34 

Mendon,                        9     36 



Douglass,                    12     46 

To  BarnstaUc,  by  Stage. 

Thompson,                  14     62 

Quincy,                                 9 

Ashfbrd,                      20     82 

Weyrnouth,                     6  15 

Willington,                   2     84 

Hanover,                         9  24 

Tolland,                          7     91 

Kingston,                      11  35 

Ellington,                     5     96 
Hartford                      14  110 

Plymouth,                        6  41 
Sandwich,                      18  59 



Barnstable,                    13  62 

To  Providence  by  Stage,  and 



thence  to  New  York  by 

To  Rutland,  Vt.  by  Stage. 

Steam  Boat, 

Cambridge,                            4 

Roxbury,                                5 

Concord,                     14     18 

Dcdham,                       5     10 

Groton,                         14     32 

Wrentham,                  18     28 

Townsend,                    9     41 

Attleboro,                        7     35 

New  Ipswich,             12     53 

Pawtuckct,                   7     42 

Keene,                         27     8J 

Providence,                    3     45 

Bellows  Falls,             20  100 

Pawtuxct,                      5     50 

Chester,                       13  113 

Newport,                     20     70 

Cavendish,                   12  125 

Point  Judith,              14     84 

Rutland,                      26  151 

New  London  Harb.     35119 



(Thence  to  New  London, 

To  Concord,  N.  H.  and 

4  miles.) 

thence  to  Monpelier,  Vt. 

Connecticut  R.            14  133 

by  Stage. 

Falkner's  Is.               19  152 

Medford,                               6 

New  Haven  Harb.      12  164 

Stoneham,                     4     10 

(Thence  to  N.  Haven, 

Andovcr,                      11     21 

4  miles.) 

Methuen,                      4    25 

Blackrock,                  19  183 

Londonderry,              16     41 

South  port,                     5  188 

Hookset  Falls,           19     60 

Oldwell,                        8  196 

Concord,                        8     68 

West  Greenwich,       16  212 

Boscawen,                  10     78 

Frogs  Pt.                    19  231 

Andover,  Vt.              14     92 

New  York,                16  247 

Grantham,                   22  114 



Dartmouth  Col.          11  125 

To  Taunton,  by  Stage. 

Stratford,                    16  141 

Dorchester,                          7 

Chelsea,                       9  150 

Bridgewater,               15  22 

Barre,                        15  165 

18 


BOS 


BUI 


Montpelier, 

9  174 

To  Portland,  by  Steam-boat. 



Point  Shirley,                     4 

To  Portland,  Me 

.  by  Stage. 

Nahant,                         6     10 

Saugus, 

10 

Marblehead,                  6     16 

Danvers 

7     17 

Salem  Harbor,             3     19 

Topsfield, 

6    23 

(Thence  to  Salem, 

Rowley, 

8     31 

5  miles.) 

Newburyport, 

5     36 

Gloucester  Harb.          8     27 

Hampton, 

9    45 

Thence  to  Gloucester, 

Portsmouth, 

13    58 

4  miles.) 

York, 

9     67 

Cape  Ann,                   10     37 

Wells, 

15    82 

Newbury  Harb.          16     53 

Kennebunk  Pt. 

6     88 

Boars  Head,                 7     60 

Saco, 

10    98 

Portsmouth  Harb.      12     72 

Portland, 

16  114 

York  Harb.                  5     77 



Kennebunk  H.            12     89 

To  Newburybort, 

via  Salem, 

Fletcher's  Neck,         12  101 

by  Stage 

. 

Cape  Elizabeth,           13  114 

Chelsea, 

5 

Portland,                      10   124 

Lynn, 

5  10 



Salem, 

5  15 

Miscellaneous  routes  by 

Beverly, 

2  17 

Steam   Boats. 

Wen  ham, 

4  21 

Fort  Warren, 

Hamilton, 

2  23 

Fort  Independence, 

Ipswich, 

5  28 

Long  Island,                          6 

Newburyport, 

10  38 

Pt.  Alderton,                       1  0 

The  Brewsters,                  10 

Boston    and    Lowell    Rail 

Road.  See  Massachusetts, 

(85.) 
Boston  and  Providence  Rail 

Road.  See  Massachusetts, 

(85.) 
Boston  and   Worcester  Rail 

Road.  See  Massachusetts, 

(85.) 

Boston,  O.(  101) 
Boston,  N.  Y.  (78.) 
Bowling-green,  Va.  (176) 
Bowling-green,  Mo.  (141.) 


Bowling  green,  K.  (188.) 
Bowdoinham,  Me.  (40.) 
Bowerbank,  Me.  (19) 
Bow  Canal.  See  New  Hamp 
shire,  (62.) 
Boydtown,  Va.  (216.) 
Brandon,  Vt.  (60.) 
Brandon,  Miss.  (280.) 
Brattleboro,  Vt.  (84.) 
Brasstown,  N.  C.  (230.) 
Brashears,  Miss.  (280.) 
Bridge  Town,  Md.  (157.) 
Bridgetown,  N.  J.  (157.) 


BRI 


BUFFALO. 


19 


Bridgetown,  Me.  (6.3.) 
Bridge  Town,  D.  (178.) 
Bridgetown,  Va.  (198.) 
Bridgevvater,  Ala.  (247.) 
Bristol,  R.I.  (111.) 
Brockport,  U.  C.  (34.) 
Brock  port,  N.  Y.  (55.) 
Brookfield,  Mass.  (84.) 
Brooklyn,  C.  (111.) 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  (135.) 
Brookville,  Ind.  (148.) 
Brookville,Md.  (156.) 
Brownington,  Vt.  (37.) 
Brownstown,   Mich.  (73.) 

Buffalo,  N.  Y.  (78.)  A  flourishing  city,  situated  on  Lake 
Erie,  and  at  the  western  termination  of  the  Erie  Canal. 
Population  about  16,000.  The  public  buildings  are  a 
court-house,  several  churches,  banks,  museum,  hotels,  &c. 
Stages,  stsam-boats  arid  sailing  vessels,  arrive  at  and  depart 
from  Buffalo  almost  every  hourv 

ROUTES  FROM    BUFFALO. 


Brownsburg,  T.  (225.) 
Brownsville,  P.  (120.) 
Brownstown, Ind.  (168.) 
Brownsville,  II.  (185.) 
Browns,  G.  (250.) 
Bruinsburg,  Miss.  (295.) 
Brunswick,  Me.  (63.) 
Brunswick,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Brunswick,  N.C.  (256.) 
Bryan  C.  H.,  G.  (281.) 
Buchannan,  Va.  (152.) 
Buckstown,  Me.  (41.) 
Buffalo,  Va.  (172.) 


To  Albany  by  the 

Erie 

New  Boston, 

12  213 

Canal. 

Canistota, 

4  217 

Tonnewanta, 

11 

Rome, 

21  238 

Pendlcton, 

12     23 

Whitesboro, 

11  249 

Lock  port, 

7    30 

Utica, 

4  253 

Albion, 

28    58 

Herkimer, 

15  268 

Holly, 

10     68 

Little  Falls, 

7  275 

Brockport, 

5     73 

Canajoharie, 

19  294 

Ogden, 

8     81 

Caughnewaga, 

12  306 

Rochester, 

12     93 

Amsterdam, 

11  319 

Fair  port, 

18  111 

Schenectady, 

18  335 

Palmyra, 

11  122 

Troy, 

21  356 

Lyons, 

15  137 

Albany, 

7  363 

Montczuma, 

20  157 

Jordan, 

15  172 

To  Albany, 

by  Stage. 

Syracuse, 

20  192 

Williamsville, 

10 

Manlius, 

9  201    Ransoms, 

8    18 

20 


ROUTES  FROM  BUFFALO. 


Pembroke                    8    26 

To  Erie,  Pa.  by  Stage. 

Batavia,                      14     40 

Hamburg,                           11 

Leroy,                         10    50 

Cattcraugus,                19     30 

Avon,                          14     64 

Dunkirk,                     15     45 

Lima,                            7     71 

Westfield,                   15     60 

Bloom  field,                   9     80 

Burget's  town,            16     76 

Canandaigua,                9     89 

Erie,                            14    90 

Geneva,                       16  105 



Cayuga,                       14  119 

To  Erie,  and  thence  to  De 

Auburn,                        9  128 

troit  by  Steam  Boat. 

Skaneateles,                  7  135 

Oattaraugus,                        28 

Westhills,                   14  149 

Dunkirk,                    13     41 

Manilas,                      12  161 

Westfield,                   15     56 

Lenox,                         14  175 

Erie,                           30     86 

Vernon,                         9  184 

Fairport,                     74  16Q 

Utica,                          17  201 

Cleveland,                   30  190 

Herkimer,                   15  216 

Sandusky,                    60  250 

Little  Falls,                  7  223 

Detroit,                       75  325 

Palatine  Bridge,         20  243 

Amsterdam,               22  265 

To  Hamilton,  by  Stage. 

Schenectada,                16  281 

Hamburg,                            11 

Albany  by  Rail  R.      16  297 

Boston,                        12     23 



Springville,                  10     33 

To  Niagara  Falls,  by  Stage. 

Ellicottville,                16     49 

Blackrock,                            1 

Hamilton,                   20     69 

Chippewa,                   16     17 



Niagara  Falls,              2     19 

To  Ithaca,  by  Stage. 



Aurora,                                15 

To  Niagara  Falls,  by  Stage, 

Warsaw,                     26     41 

via  Manchester. 

Perry,                           8     49 

Blackroek,                            1 

Moscow,                        7     56 

Tonnewanta,                8       9 

Geneseo,                        4     60 

Schlosser,                     10     19 

Dansville,                   18     78 

The  Falls,                    2    21 

Conhocton,                    8     86 

. 

Bath,                           20  106 

To  Rochester,  by  Stage. 

Jersey,                        10  116 

Batavia,  as  above,              40 

Salubria,                      15  131 

Bergen,                       13     53 

Ithaca,                       20  151 

Rochester,                 17    70 

BUL 


CAP 


21 


To  Ithaca,  via  Batavia 

Cayuga  Lake. 
Cayuga,  as  above,  119 

Union,  by  Steam  B.      6  125 

Bull's  Bay,  S.  C.  (291.) 
Bulltown,  Va.  (173.) 
Burksville,  K.  (209.) 
Burgettstown,  P.  (77.) 
Burling-ton,  Vt.  (36.) 
Burlington,  N.  Y.  (81.) 
Burlington,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Burlington,  K.  (148.) 


and  |  Aurora,  by  Steam  B.   7 
Milton,     '         do.          7 


132 

139 


Ludlowsville,  do. 
Ithaca,  do. 


10  149 
8  157 


Burlington,  Tnd.  (146.) 
Burlington,  O.  (171.) 
Burnthorn,  Ala.  (299.) 
Bushville,  P.  (108.) 
Butler,  P.  (120.) 
Buzzard's  Bay,  Mass.  (112.) 
Byron,  G.  (302.) 
Byron,  Mich.  T.  (73.) 


Cabin  Pt.  Va.  (197.) 
Cadiz,  K.  (207.) 
Cadiz,  O.  (127.) 
Cahawba  R.  Ala.  (267.) 
Cahawba,  Ala.  (283.) 
Calcasiu  R.  Lou.  (306.) 
Calcasiu  Lake,  Lou.  (320.) 
Caldwell,  N.  Y.  (60.) 
Caledonia,  Mo.  (184.) 
Calhoun  T.  (230  ) 
Cambridge,  O.  (127.) 
Cambridge,  Md.  (177.) 
Cambridge,  S.  C.  (253.) 
Camden,  Me.  (40.) 
Camden,  N.  J.  (157.) 
Camden   and    Amboy    Rail 

Road.     See   New  Jersey, 

(134.) 

Camden,  S.  C.  (254.) 
Campbcllsvillc,  K.  (189.) 
Campbells  T.  (230.) 
Campbells,  N.  C.  (255.) 
Campbellton,  G,  (269.) 
Canandaigua,  N.  Y.  (79.) 
Canaseraga,  N.  Y.  (58.) 


C. 

Canajoharie,  N.  Y.  (82.) 
Canadea,  N.  Y.  (78.) 
Canfield,  O.  (102.) 
Canton,  N.  Y.  (34.) 
Canton,  Ind.  (145.) 
Canton,  O.  (127.) 
Canton,  Ala.  (283.) 
Canisteo,  N.  Y.  (79.) 
Cantwell,  D.  (157.) 
Cantrell's  Ch.  Lou.  (323.) 
Cape  Ann,  Mass.  (86.) 
C.  Elizabeth,  Me.  (63.) 
Cape  Cod,  Mass.  (86.) 
Cape  Cod  Bay,  Mass.  (112.) 
Cape  Henlopen,  D.(  178.) 
Cape  May,  N.  J.  (179.) 
Cape  Malabar,  Mass.  (112.) 
Cape  Girardeau,  Mo.  (185.) 
Cape  Hatteras,  N.C.  (239.) 
Cape  Charles,  Va.  (199.) 
Cape  Henry,  Va.  (199.) 
Cape  Lookout,  N.  C.  (258.) 
Cape  Fear,  N.  C.  (275.) 
Cape  Fear  R.,  N.  C.  (235.) 
Cape  St.  Bias,  F.  (326.) 


22 


CAP 


CHARLESTON. 


Cape  St.  Joseph,  F.  (326.) 
Cape  St.  George,  F.  (327,) 
Cape  Vincent,  N.  Y.  (33.) 
Carrolton,  II.  (143.)  * 
Carrolton,  G.  (268.) 
Carlisle,  Penn.  (131.) 
Carlisle,  Ind.  (166.) 
Carlisle,  K.  (170.) 
Carlyle,  II.  (164.) 
Carrni,  II.  (165.) 
Carman,  N.  Y.  (136.) 
Carnesville,  G.  (251.) 
Carney,  G.  (305.) 
Cartersville,  Va.  (196.) 
Carthage,  N.  C.  (235.) 
Carthage,  N.  Y.  (58.) 
Carthage,  T.  (209.)  -< 
Casco  Bay,  Me.  (63.) 
Castine,  Me.  (41.) 
Catskill,  N.  Y.  (83.) 
Catskill  and  Canajoharie  R. 

Road.  SeeN.Y.(82.) 
Cattaraugus,  N.  Y.  (77.) 
Catletsburg,  K.  (171.) 
Catawba  R.,  N.  C.  (233.) 
Catavvba   Canals.     See   S. 

Carolina,  (254.) 
Catharinestown,  N.  Y.  (80.) 


Cavendish,  Vt.  (61.) 
Cayuga,  N.  Y.  (80.) 
Cayuga,  Lake,  N.  Y.  (80.) 
Cedar  Bay,  N.  J.  (158.) 
Cedar  Inlet,  N.  C.  (258.) 
Central   Rail  Road.      See 

Pennsylvania,  (132.) 
Centreville,  O.  (150.) 
Ccntreville,  Md.  (157.) 
Centreville,  Va.  (176.) 
Centreville,  K.  (187.) 
Centreville,  Ala.  (283.) 
Centreville,  Pa.  (103.) 
Centre,  N.  Y.  (81.) 
Centre,  P.  (103.) 
Ceres,  P.  (104.) 
Chataugay,  N.  Y.  (35.) 
Champlain,  N.  Y.  (36.) 
Champlain    Canal.      See 

New  York,  (60.) 
Chambersburg,  P.  (155.) 
Chandclleur  Isles,  L.  (325.) 
Chaplin  T.,  K.  (209.) 
Charleston,  N.H.  (61.) 
Charleston,  Va.  (155.) 
Charleston,  Ind.  (168.) 
Charleston,  Va.  (172.) 


Charleston,  S.  C.  (291,)  the  metropolis  of  the  state  of 
South  Carolina,  and  the  sixth  city  of  the  Union  in  point  of 
population.  It  contained  in  1830,  30,289  inhabitants,  in- 
eluding  15,534  slaves.  It  is  situated  at  the  point  of  junc 
tion  of  Cooper  and  Ashley  rivers,  which  here  unite  and 
form  the  outer  harbour.  The  public  buildings  are  :  Alms- 
house  in  Mazyck  street ;  the  Orphan's  Asylum  ;  Exchange ; 
Circular  Church  ;  Court-house  and  City  Hall  in  Broad 
street;  Medical  College  in  Short  street;  Academy  of  Arts 
and  Circus  in  Queen  street ;  South  Carolina  Society's  Hall ; 
Hospital  in  Back  street :  and  about  twenty  churches,  some 
of  which  are  very  splendid. 


CHARLESTON. 

ROUTES  FROM  CHARLESTON. 


23 


To  Hamlmnr, 

Bloody  Point,             18     94 

by  S.  C.  Rail  Road. 

Savannah.                   17  111 

To  Bcesville,                      15 

. 

Sumnicrsville,               6     21 

To   Wilmington,  N.  C.  via. 

Branchville,                4  1     62 

Georgetown. 

Midway,                      10     72 

Jones',                                33 

Blacksville,                 15     87 

N.  Santee  R.              12     45 

Aikcn,                        32  119 

Georgetown,               14     59 

Hamburg,                   17  136 

Gr.  Pedee  R.              26     85 



Conwayboro,               15  100 

To  Columbia,  by  Stage. 

Lit.  River  Inlet,          27  127 

Dorchester,                         20 

Brunswick  C.  H.       24  151 

Four  Holes  Swamp,  17     37 

Brunswick,                17  168 

Kcrrs,                          14     51 

Oldtown,                        8  176 

Orangeburg,               25     76 

Wilmington,                 8  184 

Conhcim,                     25  101 



Columbia,                   13  114 

To  Fayettville,  N.  C. 



by  Stage. 

To  Savannah,  Ga.  by  Starre. 

Quinby  Br.                        25 

Gucrin's  Ferry,                  11 

Santee  R.                    19     44 

Parker's,                     17     28 

Black  Cr.                    15     59 

Pocataligo,                 32     60 

Port's  F.                     34    93 

Coosawhatchie,            6     66 

L.  Pedee  R.               30  123 

Hoggstown,               17     83 

Lumberton,                34  157 

Savannah,                   23  106 

Fayetteville,               32  189 

To  Savannah  by  Steam 

To  Cheraw,  by  Stage. 

Boat. 

Bedheimer's                       24 

Fort  Moultrie,                      4 

Monk's  Corner,           9     33 

Coffin  Land,                 6     10 

Gourdine's  F.             25     58 

Stono  Inlet,                 11     21 

Kingstree,                  14     72 

So.  Edisto  Inlet,         27     48 

Lynch's  Cr.                28  100 

St.  Helena  So.              3     51 

Darlington,                 19  119 

Truncard's  Inlet,       21     72 

Society  Hill,               14  133 

Hilton  Head,                4     76 

Cheraw,                     13  146 

Chardon,  O.  (101.) 
Charlottsville,  Va.  (175.) 


Charlotte,  N.  C.  (234.) 
Charlotte,  T.  (207.) 


CHA 


C1N 


Chataugay,  L.  C.  (15.) 
Chattahochie,  G.  (269.) 
Chattahochie  River,  Ala. 

(301.) 

Chattahochie  R.,  G.  (250.) 
Chatham,  Mass.  (112.) 
Chaumont,  N.  Y.  (33.) 
Chagrine,  O.  (101.) 
Chehaw,  G.  (286.) 
Chelmsfbrd,  Mass.  (85.) 
Chelsea,  Vt.  (61.) 
Checks,  T.  (211.) 
Chemung  Canal.     See  New 

York,  (80.) 
Chenango  Canal.    See  New 

York,  (80.) 
Cheraw,  S.  C.  (255.) 
Cherokee,  G.  (249.) 
Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y.  (82.) 
Chester,  N.  Y.  (60.) 
Chester,  Vt.  (61.) 
Chester,  N.  H.  (85.) 
Chester,  Pa.  (157.) 
Chester  T.  Md.  (156.) 


Chesterville,  Me.  (39.) 
Chesterville,  S.  C.  (253.) 
Chesterfield,  S.  C.  (254.) 
Chesapeake  Bay,  Md.  (177.) 
Chesapeake  and  Delaware 

Canal.    See  Md.  (157.) 
Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal. 

See  Md.  (157.) 
Chicago,  11.  (95.) 
Chiekasaws,  Miss.  (245.) 
Chichis,  Texas,  (293.) 
Chicot,  Ark.  T.  (262.) 
Chillicothe,  O.  (149.) 
Chipola,  F.  (314.) 
Chippewav,  U.  C.  (54.) 
Chiswell,  Va.  (198.) 
Chittenango   Canal.     See 

New  York,  (80.) 
Cholsonville,  Va.  (217.) 
Chowan  Navigation.     See 

Virginia,  (21 8.) 
Christianburg,  Va.  (194.) 
Christianville,  Va.  (216.) 
Church,  N.  C.  (257.) 


Cincinnati,  O.  (148,)  the  great  emporium  of  the  state  of 
Ohio,  was  founded  in  1789.  Its  population  at  present 
(1836,)  is  about  38,000,  and  is  rapidly  increasing.  The 
public  buildings  consist  of  a  Court  House  in  Tenth  street ; 
"four  Market-houses  jN&azaar  in  Third  street ;  Theatre  in 
Second  street;  Banks;  College  in  Walnut  street;  Athe- 
neurn  in  Sycamore  street;  Medical  College  in  Sixth  street; 
Mechanics'  Institute  in  Walnut  street ;  two  Museums, 
one  in  Main,  and  the  other  in  Fourth  street ;  Hospital  in 
Plum  street,  Lunatic  Asylum;  High-school,  and  about 
twenty-seven  churches,  some  of  which  are  very  elegant. 

ROUTES  FROM  CINCINNATI. 


To  Louisville,  by  Steam-boat.  I  Aurora,  4    28 

Lawrenceburg,  24  |  Rising  Sun,  7     35 


ROUTES  FROM  CINCINNATI. 


25 


Fredericksburg,         20     55 

To  Dayton,  by  Canal. 

Vevay,                         10     65 

Reading,                             12 

Fort  William,             10     75 

Hamilton,                   16    28 

Madison,                     13     88 

Middletown,               14     42 

Westport,                    21  109 

Franklin,                      6     48 

Jeffersonville,             22  131 

Miamisburg,                 6     54 

Louisville,                    1   132 

Dayton,                      14     68 

Thence  to  N.  Orleans,  1448 

-i—  -  

Miles.    See  Louisville. 

To  Columbus,  by  Stage. 



Reading,                              10 

To  Pittsburg,  by  S.  Boats. 

Sharon,                          5     15 

New  Richmond,                 21 

Lebanon,                    16     31 

Ft.  Pleasant,                 5     26 

Waynesville,                9     40 

Moscow, 

Xenia,                          15     55 

Mcchanicsville,            3     35 

Charleston,                 18     73 

Augusta,                       6    41 

London,                        11     84 

Ripley,                          9     50 

Gcorgesville,              12     96 

Maysville,                    7     57 

Columbus,                  13  109 

Manchester,                10     67 



Portsmouth,                36  103 

To  Greenville,  by  Stage. 

Burlington,                41  144 

ML  Pleasant,                      11 

Guyandot,                     7  151 

Hamilton,                      12  23 

Gallipolis,                  34  185 

Newcomb,                     18  41 

Ft.  Pleasant,                  3  188 

Eaton,                            8  49 

Letart'sls.                  29  217 

Greenville,                   28  77 

Bclville,                     30  247 

_____ 

Parkeisburg,              17  264 
Marietta,                     13  277 

To  Indianapolis,  by  Stage. 
Miami,                                 15 

Newport,                    16  293 

Harrison,                      8    23 

Sistersville,                 17  310 

Brookville,                  17     40 

Elizabethtown,           35  345 

Somerset,                     11     51 

Wheeling,                  13  358 

Rushville,                   14     65 

Warrentown,                8  366 

Indianapolis,               40  105 

Wellsburg,                   6  372 



Steubenville,                 7  379 

To  Louisville,  by  Stage. 

Fawcetstown,             22  401 

Lawrenceville,                   23 

Beaver,                       19  420 

Madison,                      34  57 

Economy,                    9  429 

Louisville.                   38  95 

Middletown,                 9  438 



Pittsburg,                  11  449 

CIN 


CLEVELAND. 


To  Lexington,  by  Stage. 
Newport,  1 

Gaines,  12  13 

Theobolds,  12  25 

Georgetown,  29  54 

Lexington,  13  G7 


To  Chillicothe,  by  Stage. 

Newton,  8 

Batavia,  15  23 

Williamsburg,  8  31 

Hillsboro,  28  59 

Bainbridge,  22  81 

Chillicothe,  18  99 


Cinthiana,  K.  (169.) 
Circleville,  O.  (150.) 
Claiborne,  Ala.  (2!)9.) 
Clarksburg,  Va.  (152.) 
Clarksburg,  Md.(  155.) 
Clarksburg,  K.  (170.) 
Clarksville,  T.  (207.) 

Cleveland,  O.  (101.)  is  a  place  of  considerable  trade, 
being  situated  at  the  northern  termination  of  the  Ohio  and 
Erie  canal. 

ROUTES  FROM  CLEVELAND. 


Clarksville,  G.  (251.) 
Clarksville,  Ala.  (298.) 
Clarktown,  N.  Y.  (109.) 
Claytonville,  G.  (251.) 
Clearfield,  P.  (104.) 
Clerrnont,  N.  Y.  (83.) 


To  Buffalo  by  Steam  Boat. 

To  Portsmouth,  by 

Canal. 

Fairport, 

30 

Akron, 

38 

Erie, 

74  104 

New  Portage, 

9     47 

Westfield, 

30  134 

Massillon, 

21     68 

Dunkirk, 

15  149 

Bolivar, 

12     80 

Cattaraugus,               13  162 

New  Philadelphia, 

14    94 

Buffalo, 

28  190 

Gnadenhutten, 

13  107 



Coshocton, 

26  133 

To  Detroit 

,  by  Steam  Boat. 

Newark, 

40  173 

Huron, 

50 

Bloomfield, 

52  225 

Sandusky, 

10     60 

Circleville, 

11  236 

Detroit, 

75  135 

Chillicothe, 

20  256 



Piketon, 

24  280 

Portsmouth, 

27  307 

Clinton,  N.  Y.  (58.) 
Clinton,  T.  (210.) 
Clinton,  K.  (206.) 
Clinton,  Lou.  (308.) 
Clinton,  G.  (270.) 


Clover  Ball,  Va.  (174.) 
Clubfoot  Canal,  See  N.  C. 

(258.) 
Coal  M.,  P.  (104.) 


COD 


COLUMBIA. 


27 


Codorus  Navigation,  sec  Pa.     Colcrainc,  N.  C.  (218.) 

(132.)  Coleraine,G.  (317.) 

Colchester,  C.  (110.)  Coles,  Va.  (215.) 

Coldearnp,  N.  C.  (256.)  Coles,  N.  C.  (218.) 

Cochecton,  N.  Y.  (107.)  Colington,  F.  (327.) 

Coleman,  Lou.  (307.)  Coolidge,  Ala.  (298.) 
Coleraine,  P.  (148.) 

Columbia,  District  of,  (176.)  Is  divided  into  two  coun 
ties.  Population  in  1830,  39,858.  Area,  100  square  miles. 
Capital,  City  of  Washington,  Lat.  38°  53',  N.  The  other 
towns,  are  Georgetown  and  Alexandria. 

Rivers. — Potomac,  and  its  eastern  branch.  Internal  Im 
provements. — Alexandria  canal,  extends  from  the  point  of 
termination  of  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  canal  at  George 
town  to  Alexandria,  7  miles.  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  canal. 
See  Maryland.  Baltimore  and  Washington  Rait  roads. 
See  Maryland. 


Columbia,  N.  H.  (38.) 
Columbia,  Me.  (42.) 
Columbia,  P.  (132.) 
Columbia,  Mo.  (161.) 


Columbia,  Ind.  (166.) 
Columbia,  K.  (189.) 
Columbia,  Va.  (186.) 
Columbia,  T.  (227.) 


Columbia,  S.  C.  (254.)  The  capital  of  the  state  of  South 
Carolina,  situated  on  the  great  road  from  Washington  to 
New  Orleans.  The  legislative  halls,  state  offices,  and  S.  C. 
College,  are  the  chief  buildings. 

ROUTES  FROM  COLUMBIA. 


To  Charleston,  by  Stage  via      To  Augusta,  Ga. 

by  Stage. 

Orangeburg 

Lexington  C.  H. 

12 

Granby,                                 1 

Leesville, 

17     29 

Conheim,                     12     13 

Lumkins, 

6     35 

Orangeburg,               25     38 

Lotts, 

12    47 

Kerrs,                          25     63 

Edgefield, 

10    57 

Four  Holes  Swamp,  14     77 

Augusta, 

15    72 

Dorchester,                  17     94 

Charleston,                  20  114 

-—  —  — 

COLUMBUS. 


To  Fayetteville,  N.  C.  by    f  Yorkville,                  22    76 

Stage. 

(Thence  to  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Colonels  Cr.                        16 

74  miles.) 

Ferry  over  Wateree,  14     30 



Camden,                        2     32 
Debrules,                    12     44 

To  Greenville,  by  Stage. 
Lexington  C.  H.                 12 

Sanders,                       12     56 

Saluda  R.                   14    26 

Black  Cr.                      9     65 

New  berry,                  17     43 

Cheraw,                      22     87 

Belfast,                        16    59 

Boundary,                   15  102 

Huntsville,                    8    67 

Laurel  Hill,                 13  115 

Laurensville,                 9     76 

Lumber  R.                    9  324 

Reedy  R.                    19     95 

Fayetteville,               24  148 

Greenville,                 19  114 

To  YorTtmlle,  by  Stage. 

To  Winsboro,                     29 

Round  Top,                        10 

—  Ruff's  Ferry,               39 

Winnsboro,                 19     29 

—  N.  Edisto  River,           22 

Chesterville,                25     54 

—  M'Cord's  Ferry,            33 

Columbia,  N.  C.  (238.)             Columbiana,  O.  (128.) 

Columbia,  Ala.  (301.)                Columbus,  Ind.  (147.) 

Columbus,  O.  (140,)  capital  of  the  state,  founded  in  1812. 
Population,  about  4500,  and  rapidly  increasing1.  Public 
buildings  :  State-house,  Court-house,  State  offices,  Peniten 
tiary,  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  COLUMBUS. 


To  Cincinnati, 

by  Stage.       Circlevillc 

9    26 

Georgeville, 

13 

Chillicothe, 

19    45 

London, 

12    25 

Piketon, 

19     64 

Charleston, 

11     36 

Lucasville, 

13     77 

Xenia, 

18    54 

Portsmouth 

13    90 

Waynesville, 

15     69 

Lebanon, 
Sharon, 

9     78 
16    94 

To  Athens,  by  stage. 
Lythopolis,                          21 

Reading, 

5     99 

Green  Castle, 

4    25 

Cincinnati 

10  109 

Lancaster, 

7     32 

, 

Logan, 

17    44 

To  Portsmouth, 

by  Stage. 

Nelsonville, 

16     65 

Bloo  infield, 

17 

Millvffle, 

4     69 

Athens, 

7    76 

CONCORD. 


29 


To  Wheeling,  Va.  by  the 

Jackson, 

12  105 

National  Road. 

Medina, 

12  117 

Hebron,                               28 

Cleveland, 

27  144 

Zanesville,                   27     55 



Cambridge,                 25     80 

To  Portsmouth, 

by  Canal. 

Fairvicw,                      21  101 

Junction, 

10 

St.  Clairsville,             24  125 

Bloomficld, 

7     17 

Wheeling-,                   10  135 

Circleville, 

11     28 



Chillicothe, 

20    48 

To  Portland,  ly  stage. 
Worthington,                        9 

Piketon, 
Portsmouth, 

24     72 

27     99 

Delaware,                    17    26 



Norton,                        11     37 

To  Cleveland, 

by  Canal, 

Bucyrus,                     26     63 

Hebron, 

34 

Portland,                     55  118 

Newark, 

10    44 



Coshocton, 

40    84 

To  Cleveland,  by  stage. 

Gnadenhutten, 

26  110 

Granville,                             27 

Bolivar, 

26  136 

Mt.  Vernon,                20     47 

Massillon, 

12  148 

Loudonville,                24     71 

Akron, 

33  181 

Wooster,                     22     93     Cleveland, 

37  218 

Columbus  Canal.  See  Ohio, 

(149.) 

Columbus,  K.  (206.) 
Columbus,  Miss.  (265.) 
Cornells,  Ala.  (285.) 

Concord,  N.  H.  (62,)  capital  of  the  state  of  New  Hamp 
shire. 

ROUTES  FROM  CONCORD. 


Columbus,  G.  (285.) 
Competition,  Va.  (215.) 
Coombsville,  K.  (189.) 
Compte,  Lou.  (293.) 


To  Boston,  by  Stage. 
Hookset  Falls, 

8 

To  Montpelier,  Vt 
Boscawen, 

by  stage. 
10 

Londonderry, 

19 

27 

Andover, 

14    24 

Methuen, 

16 

43 

Grantham, 

22    46 

Andover, 

4 

47 

Dartmouth  Col. 

11     57 

Stoneham, 

11 

58 

Stratford, 

16     73 

Medford, 

4 

62 

Chelsea, 

9     82 

Boston, 

6 

68 

Barre, 

15    97 



Montpelier, 

9  106 

3* 

30  CONNECTICUT. 

To  White  Hills,  by  stage.    I     To  Portsmouth,  by  stage. 

Boscawen,  10  |  Deerfield,  18 

Bristol,  22  32     Nottingham,                 6     24 

Plymouth,  13  45  |  Deriham,  10     34 

Thornton,  12  57     Newington,                   5     39 

Peeling,  11  68  |  Portsmouth,                  7     46 

Bethlehem,  19  87  I 

Mt,  Washington,  15  102  | 

Concord,  N.  Y.  (83.)  Coudersport,  Pa.  (104.) 

Concord,  N.  C.  (234.)  Cornwall,  Can.  (14.) 

Concordia,  L.  (295.)  Copenhagen,  N.  Y.  (58.) 

Conestoga  Navigation.  See     Conneaught,  O.  (102.) 

Pennsylvania,  (132.)  Connecticut  R.  (38.) 

Covington,  N.  Y.  (78.) 

Connecticut,  state  of  (109,)  is  divided  into  eight  counties. 
Population  in  1830,  297,711.  Area,  5,100  square  miles. 
Capitals,  Hartford  and  New  Haven.  Metropolis,  New- 
Haven.  Lat.  41°  19'  N.  Longitude  3°  58'  E.  General 
election,  first  Monday  in  April;  Legislature  meet  first 
Wednesday  in  May;  constitution  formed,  1818. 

Government. — The  governor  isellccted  annually;  salary 
$1,100.  Lieutenant  Governor  receives  $300  pe*  annum. 

The  Legislature  is  styled  the  General  Assembly,  and 
consists  of  twenty-one  senators,  and  208  members  of  the 
House  of  Representatives,  elected  annually.  The  pay  of 
the  former  is  $2  a  day  each,  and  of  the  latter  $1,50  a  day. 

The  general  Assembly  has  one  stated  session  every  year, 
alternately  at  Hartford  and  New  Haven. 

Judiciary. — The  judicial  power  is  vested  in  a  Supreme 
Court  of  Errors,  a  Superior  Court,  and  such  inferior  courts 
as  the  Legislature  may  establish.  The  judges  are  appointed 
by  the  General  Assembly,  and  those  of  the  Supreme  and 
Superior  Courts  hold  their  offices  during  good  behaviour, 
but  not  beyond  the  age  of  seventy  years. 

The  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  receives  $1100 
per  annum.  The  four  Associate  Judges  $  1050  each. 

Physical  Structure. — The  state  of  Connecticut  is  natu 
rally  divided  into  three  parts  by  the  rivers  Connecticut  and 
Housatonic.  The  eastern  section  is  comparatively  level, 
having  but  few,  if  any  elevations  deserving  the  name  of 


COF 


CRO 


31 


mountains.  The  middle  section,  or  that  portion  of  the  state 
lying  between  the  Connecticut  river  on  the  east,  and  the 
Housatonic  on  the  West,  is  strictly  a  mountainous  region, 
especially  the  N.  W.  part  of  it.  The  third,  or  western  sec 
tion  is,  with  the  exception  of  the  southern  portion  of  Fairfield 
county,  composed  almost  entirely  of  hills  and  mountains, 
some  of  which  attain  to  an  elevation  of  3,500  feet. 

Rivers, — Housatonic,  Saugatuck,  Connecticut,  Farming- 
ton,  Thames,  Quinebaug  and  Shetucket. 

Towns. — Hartford,  New  Haven,  Middletown,  New  Lon 
don  and  Norwich  are  incorporated  cities;  Bridgeport, 
Guilford,  Killingworth,  Newtown,  Stamford,  Stonington, 
Water  bury,  &c. 

Productions. — Indian  corn,  wheat,  rye  and  other  small 
grains  ;  flax,  hemp,  &c.  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Farmington  Canal  extends 
from  New  Haven,  to  the  north  boundary  of  the  state.  It  is 
proposed  to  continue  this  canal  to  Northampton,  a  further 
distance  of  22  miles;  entire  length  so  far  as  completed  56 
miles;  Enjield  Canal  is  designed  to  overcome  the  Enfield 
falls  in  Connecticut  River.  Length  5§  miles. 


Coffecville,  Ala.  (298.) 
Coteau  du  Lac,  Can.  (14.) 
Connecuh  R.,  Ala.  (300.) 
Connclsville,  P.  (129.) 
Constant,  N.C.  (218.) 
Coolidge,  Ala.  (298  ) 
Coupee,  Lou.  (308.) 
Cowpens,  S.  C.  (233.) 
Conwayboro,  S.  C.  (274.) 
Cootes  Paradise,  Can.  (54.) 
Conyngham,  P.  (lOli.) 
Covington,  II.  (164.) 
Cooperstown,  N.  Y.  (82.) 
Corydon,  In.  (167.) 
Coopersport,  P.  (104.) 
Cote  Sans  dessein,  Mo.  (162.) 
Coosa,  Ala.  (267.) 
Coosawatchie,  S.  C.  (290.) 
Coosa  R.,  Ala.  (267.) 


Cottonport,  Ala.  (248.) 
Covington,  G.  (270.) 
Covington,  Lou.  (309.) 
Covington,  T.  (225.) 
Coshattie  Indians,  L.  (306.) 
Coyemans,  N.  Y.  (83.) 
Crab  Orchard,  Va.  (213.) 
Covington,  P.  (105.) 
Crab  Orchard,  T.  (230.) 
Coshatta  Village,  Ark.  (277.) 
Crabs  Bottom,  Va.  (174.) 
Craftsbury,  Vt.  (37.) 
Crawfordsville,  Ind.  (122.) 
Crocket,  N.  C.  (254.) 
Croghanville,  O.  (99.) 
Crooked  Lake  Canal,  see  N. 

York,  (79.) 

Cross  River,  Miss.  (296.) 
Cr.  Keys,  Va.  (217.) 


32  CRO 

Croton,  N.  York,  (109.) 
Crown  Point,  N.  Y.  (60.) 
Crow  Town,  Ala.  (249.) 
Crugers  T.,  Md.  (155.) 
Cuffey  T.,  S.  C.  (271.) 
Culbreaths,  S.  C.  (271.) 
Cumberland,  Md.  (154.) 
Cumberland,  Va.  (197.) 
Cumberland  R.,  K.  (207.) 


DELAWARE. 

Cumberland    R.,  K.   &   T. 

(209.) 

Cumberland  I.,  G.  (318.) 
Cumberland  Gap,  Va.  (211.) 
Cumberland    and      Oxford 

Canal,  see  Maine,  (63.) 
Cunningham,  Id.  O.  (100.) 
Cruttituck  inlet,  N.  C.  (219.) 
Curwinville,  P.  (104.) 
Cuthbert,  G.  (302.) 


P. 


Duguidsville,  Va.  (195.) 
Dateville,  Ala.  (301.) 
Dallas,  T.  (229.) 
Damascus,  O.  (98.) 
Damascus,  P.  (107.) 
Dan  Navigation,  see   Viro1. 

(215.) 

Danbury,C.  (109.) 
Danbury,  N.  C.  (215.) 
Danby,Vt.  (61.) 
Dandridge,  T.  (231.) 
Danielsville,  G.  (251.) 
Danville,  P.  (132.) 
Dansville,N.Y.(79.) 


Danville,  Vt.  (37.) 
Danville,  II.  (121.) 
Danville,  K.  (190,) 
Danville,  Va.  (215.) 
Darlington,  S.  C.  (255.) 
Darlington  C,  H.,  S.C.  (272.) 
Daricn,  G.  (305.) 
Davidsonvillo,  Ark.  T.  (204.) 
Davis,  Va.  (217.) 
Dayton,  O.  (148.) 
Decatur,  II.  (144.) 
Decatur,  G.  (269.) 
Dedham,  Mass.  (85.) 
Defiance,  O.  (98.) 


Delaware,  state  of,  (157,)  is  divided  into  three  counties. 
Population  76,739,  including  3,305  slaves.  Area,  2,200 
square  miles.  Capital,  Dover.  Metropolis,  Wilmington  ; 
Lat  39°  44'  N.  Long.  1°  23'  E.  General  election,  first 
Tuesday  in  October.  Legislature  meet,  first  Tuesday  in 
January,  biennially.  Constitution  formed,  1792. 

Government. — Governor,  term  of  office  four  years ;  elect- 
ed  by  the  people ;  salary,  $1,333,  not  eligible  a  second 
time.  Legislature  consists  of  a  Senate,  nine  members. 
House  of  Representatives  composed  of  twenty  one  members. 

Jndiciary. — Comprehends  a  court  of  errors  and  appeal ; 
a  superior  court ;  a  court  of  chancery ;  an  orphan's  court ; 


DEI  DET  33 

a  court  of  oyer  and  tcrminer ;  and  some  other  minor 
courts. 

Physical  Structure. — The  two  southern  counties  in  this 
State  are  level.  In  the  Northern  part  of  New  Castle  county 
hills  of  considerable  elevation  occur.  One  of  the  most  re 
markable  features  in  the  natural  geography  of  the  state,  is 
the  noted  swamp,  situated  on  the  summit  of  the  main  ridge, 
from  which  the  water  flows  into  both  the  Chesapeake  Bay 
on  the  West  and  Delaware  on  the  East. 

Rivers. — Delaware,  Indian,  Mispillion,  Duck,  Brandy- 
wine,  and  Christiana  creeks,  branches  of  the  Delaware, 
Nantikoke  River  which  flows  into  Chesapeake  Bay. 

Islands. — Pea  Patch,  Reedy  and  Bombay,  Hook  Islands. 

Productions. — Wheat,  rye,  Indian  corn,  barley,  oats, 
buckwheat,  &c. 

Towns.— Wilmington,  New  Castle,  Dover,  Delaware 
City,  Milford,  Georgetown,  Lewistown,  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Chesapeake  and  Delaware 
canal  from  Delaware  to  Bohemia  ;  length  13  63-100  miles. 
New  Castle  and  French  town  Rail  Road  extends  from  New 
Castle  to  Frenchtown,  length  16  19-100  miles.  A  Rail 
Road  to  extend  from  Wilmington  to  Downingtown  in 
Pennsylvania  is  proposed. 

Delaware,  O.  (125.)  Delhi,  N.  Y.  (82.) 

Delaware,  R.  P.  (134.)  Delphi,  Ind.  (122.) 

Delaware  Bay,  N  J.    (157.)  Demopolos,  Ala.  (283.) 

Delaware,  Va.  (198.)  Demints,  II.  (165.) 

Delaware  $  Raritan  Canal,  Denton,  Md.  (178.) 

see  N.  Jersey,  (134.)  Dennyville,  Me.  (42.) 

Delaware  &  Raritan  Feeder,  Dennis  Cr.  N.  J.  (158.) 

see  N.  Jersey,  (134.)  Deposit,  N.  J.  (81.) 

Delaware,  Ark.  T.  (260.)  Deerfield,  O.  (101.) 

Detroi  (,  Mich.  T.  (74.)  This  is  the  present  capital  of 
Michigan  Territory.  Its  population  is  now  (1836.),  about 
5,000.  Founded  by  the  French  in  1670.  The  puplic 
buildings  are,  a  legislative  hall,  market  and  court  houses, 
churches,  &c. 


S4 


DETROIT. 


ROUTES  FROM  DETROIT. 


To  Cincinnati,  by  Stage. 

Factory,                       16  102 

R.  Rouge,                            6 

Post  O.  St.  Joseph's 

Brownstown,              10     16 

River                      50  152 

Monroe,                      19     35 

Edvvardsville,             20  172 

Perrysburg,               30     65 

Calamic  River,          81  253 

Finley,                       40  105 

Chicago,                     14  267 

Hardin,                      31  136 



Bellefontaine,             22  158 

To  Chicago  via  Montcalm. 

West  Liberty,              8  166 

Schwarzburg,                     20 

Urbana,                      11  177 

Dexter,                      29     49 

Springfield,                 14  191 

Montcalm,                  25    74 

Yellow  Springs,           9  200 

Kalamazoo,                 63  137 

Xenia,                           9  209 

Mouth  of  St. 

Waynesville,              15  224 

Joseph's                 47  184 

Lebanon,                      9  233 

Chicago  by  Steam  B.  64  248 

Reading,                     21  254 



Cincinnati,                 10  264 

To  Chicago,  by  Steam  Boat. 

. 

Grants  Pt.                         12 

To  Buffalo,  by  Steam  Boat. 

Horsons  I.                  18     30 

Sandwich,                             3 

Cottrellville,                 8     38 

Fighting  Island,          5       8 

Palmer,                       12     50 

Grosse  I.                      7     15 

Bunceville,                   6     56 

Amherstburg,              4     19 

Fort  Gratiot,                7     63 

Middle  Sister,            20     3f> 

White  Rock,             42  105 

Bass  I.                        17     56 

Pt.  au  Barques,         35  140 

Sandusky,                  19     75 

Thunder  Island,         30  170 

Cleveland,                   60  135 

Middle  I                     25  195 

Fairport,                     30  165 

Presque  I.                   60  255 

Erie,  Pa.                     74  239 

Mackinaw,                 55  310 

WcstfieM,                   30  269 

Beaver  I.                    45  355 

Dunkirk,                    15  284 

Manitou  I.                 35  390 

Cattarau3us,              13  297 

Chicago,                  250  640 

Buffalo,                      28  325 



„ 

To  Ft.  Howard,  Green  Bay, 

To  Chicago,  by  Stage. 

by  Steam  Boat. 

R.  Rouge,                           10 

Beaver  I.  as  above,           355 

Ypsilanti,                   18     28 

I.  Brule,                     30  385 

Jackson,                     11     39 

G.  Traverse,              10  39$ 

Joaesville,                 47     86 

DIG 

Chambers  I. 
Green  I. 
Fort  Howard, 

To  Saginaw,  by  Stage. 
Ponliac, 
Indian  Vil. 

Dickinsonville,  Va.  (212.) 
Dismal  Siuamp  Canal.    See 

Va.  (218.) 
Dittos,  Ala.  (248.) 
Dixmont,  Me.  (40.) 
Dixon's  F.,  II.  (93.) 
Doaks,  Miss.  (280.) 
Dobson,  N.  C.  (214.) 
Doby  Inlet,  G.  (305.) 
Doctortown,  G.  (305.) 
Dagsboro,  D.  (178.) 
Donaldsonville,  Lou.  (308.) 
Dorchester,  S.  C.  (290.) 
Dorchester,  L.  C.  (15.) 
Dover,  N.  II.  (63.) 
Dover,  capital  of  the  state  of 

Delaware,  (157.) 
Dover,  Va.  (197.) 
Dover,  T.  (207.) 


25  420 
15  435 
40  475 

'tage. 
24 
35  59 

EASTON. 

Saginaw, 

To  Fort  Gratiot, 
Ml.  Clemens, 
Palmer, 
Bunceville, 
Ft.  Gratiot, 

35 

34  93 

by  Stage. 
20 
26  46 
6  52 

7  59 

E. 


Downing-  T.,  Pa.  (133.) 
Doylestown,  Pa.  (133.) 
Drehr's  Canal.  See  S.  C. 

(253.) 

Drummondton,  Va.  (199.) 
Dresden  T.  (206.) 
Duanesburg,  N.  Y.  (82.) 
Dublin,  G.  (288.) 
Ducrville,  N.  Y.  (36.) 
Dulatsburg,  P.  (133.) 
Dumfries,  Va.  (176.) 
Dumfries,  Ala.  (298.) 
Dundaff,  P.  (107.) 
Dunkirk,  Va.  (197.) 
Dunlapsvillc,  Ind.  (148.) 
Dunn,  Ala.  (266.) 
Dupliri  C.  H.,  N.  C.  (257.) 
Dwight,  Ark.  T.  (221.) 
Dyersburg,  T.  (225.) 

Earleysburg,  Pa.  (131.) 


Eastport,  Me.  (42.) 
East  Andover,  Me.  (39.) 

Easton,  Pa.  (133.)  a  flourishing  town,  and  seat  of  justice 
of  Northampton  county.     It  contains  a  court  house,  jail, 
academy,  and  two  banks,  with  a  population  of  about  6000. 
ROUTES  FROM  EASTON. 


To  Mauch  Chunk,  by 
Bethlehem, 
Allentown, 
Berlin, 
Lehightown, 
Mauch  Chunk. 

Canal. 
12 
5  17 
11  28 
14  42 
4  46 

To  Bristol,  by  Penn. 
Raubsville, 
Monroe, 
Ervventown, 
Lumberville, 
New  Hope, 
Tayloraville, 

canal. 
5 
6  11 
9  20 
9  29 
6  35 
8  43 

36 


EAS 


ELM 


Yardleyville,                  3  46  [  To   Wilkesbarre,  by  Stage. 

Morrisville,                    4  50 

Wind  Gap,                         13 

Tullytown,                     5  55 

Stoddartsville,               27  40 

Bristol,                          5  60 

Wilkesbarre,                18  58 

To  Jersey  City,  Ly  Morris 

To  New  York,  by  Stage. 

canal. 

Schooley's  Mt.  Springs,    26 

Racket's,  N.  J.                  26 

Morristown,                  21   47 

Dover,                        20    46 

Newark,                       19  66 

Boon  ton,                     10     56 

New  York,                   10  76 

Paterson,                    16     72 



Newark,                     14     86 

To  Philadelphia,  by  Stage. 

Jersey  City,                14  100 

Ottsville,                              17 



Doylestown,                  15  32 

To  Reading,  by  Stage. 

Willow  Grove,             11  43 

Bethlehem,                          10 

Philadelphia,                 13  56 

Allentown,                      6  16 



Trexlersville,                  8  24 

To  Trenton,  N.  J.,  by  Stage. 

Kutztown,                      9  33 

Bloomsbury,  N.  J.                8 

Reading,                       17  50 

Flernmington,               19  27 

Pennington,                  16  43 

Trenton,                         8  51 

Easton,  Md.  (178.) 
East  Fork,  Ind.  (167.) 
Eaton,  O.  (148.) 
Eatonton,  G.  (270.) 
Ebenezer,  G.  (280.) 
Ebensburg,  P.  (130.) 
Edenton,N.C.(218.) 
Edgar  Town,  Mass.  (112.) 
Edgeficld,  S.  C.  (272.) 
Edington,  Me.  (41.) 
Edinburg,  G.  (252.) 
Edisto  R.,  S.  C.  (273.) 
Edwardsburg,  Mich.T.  (96.) 
Edwardsville,  II.  (164.) 
Eddyville,  K.  (187.) 
Egnice,  N.  C.  (215.) 
Elba,  N.  Y.  (36.) 


Elberton,  G.  (252.) 
Elizabeth  I.,  Mass.  (112.) 
Elizabethtown,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Elizabethtownr  K.  (189.) 
Elizabeth,  Mo.  (162 ) 
Elizabeth,  N.  C.  (256,) 
Elizabeth  City,  N.  C.  (218.) 
Elkton,  T.  (227.) 
Elkton,  Md.  (157.) 
Elkton,  K.  (207.) 
Elkheart  Grove.  II.  (143.) 
Ellicott,  Md.  (156.) 
Ellicottsville,  N.  Y.  (78.) 
Ellis,  N.  C.  (256.) 
Ellisville,  Miss.  (297.) 
Ellisto  I.,  S.  C.  (290.) 
Elms,  S.  C.  (290.) 


ELM 


FLORIDA. 


37 


Elmore,  Vt.  (37.) 
Elyria,  O.  (100.) 
Elysiun  Fields,  Miss.  (295.) 
Elyton,  Ala.  (267.) 
Emporium,  P.  (104.) 
Enjield  Canal,  see  Ct.  (110.) 
Englishman's  Bay,  Me.  (42.) 
Epels,  S.  C.  (254.) 
Erie  Canal,  in  N.  Y.  (56.) 
Erie,  Ala.  (283.) 
Erncstown,  U.  C.  (33.) 
Erie,  Pa.  (76.) 
Errol,  N.  11.  (38.) 
Essex,  N.  Y.  (36.) 
Estelsville,  Va.  (-212.) 
Etowah,  G.  (250.) 
Etovvah  R.,  G.  (250.) 
Euphrata,  P.  (132.) 
Eutaw  Springs,  S.  C.  (273.) 
Evansville,  Ind.  (166.) 
Evunsham,  Va.  (2 1 3.) 
Exeter,  N.  H.  (86.) 
Fairfield,  C.  (10:).) 
Fairfield,  II.  (165.) 
Fairfield,  Va.  (195.) 
Fairfax,  Va.  (175.) 

Florida,  (313.)  The  territory  of  Florida  is  divided  into 
19  counties,  and  has  a  population  of  about  44,000.  Area 
55,680  square  miles. 

Government. — The  Governor  is  appointed  by  the  Presi 
dent,  by,  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate  : — 
salary,  $2,500  per  annum.  Secretary, — salary,  $1,500. 

The  Legislative  Council  consists  of  sixteen  members,  and 
meets  annually  (at  Tallahassee)  on  the  first  Monday  in  Jan 
uary. 

Judiciary. — There  are  four  judges,  appointed  by  the 
President  and  Senate — one  for  each  of  the  four  districts 
which  have  been  named.  The  salary  of  each,  $1,500. 

Physical  Structure. — The  entire  Territory  of  Florida, 


Fairfax,  Va.  (176.) 
Fairhaven,  O.  (100.) 
Fairvievv,  O.  (127.) 
Falmouth,  K.  (16-).) 
Falmouth,  Mass.  (112.) 
Fannetsburg,  P.  (131.) 
Farmington,  Ct.  (110.) 
Farmington  Canal,  see  Ct» 

(108.) 

Farmington,  Mo.  (184.) 
Farrington,  II.  (118.) 
Farmville,  Va.  (196.) 
Fayctteville,  N.  C.  (236.) 
Fayctteville,  T.  (228.) 
Favetteville,  Ala.  (266.) 
Fayetteville,  G.  (269.) 
Firiley,  O.  (99.) 
Fincastlc,  Va.  (195.) 
Fish  house,  N.  Y.  (59.) 
Fishkill,  N.Y.  (109.) 
Fisher's  I.,  C.  (110.) 
Flat  Rock,  P.  (153.) 
Flemington,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Flemingsburg,  K.  (170.) 
Flint  River,  G.  (302.) 


38  FLORIDA. 

with  the  exception  of  a  small  portion  west  of  the  Appalachi- 
cola,  is  remarkable  for  its  level  and  unbroken  surface*- 
No  elevation  deserving  the  name  of  mountain,  nor  any  hill 
exceeding  300  feet  in  height,  is  to  be  found.  In  the  vi 
cinity  of  Toloso,  a  limestone  ridge  occurs,  merely  sufficient 
to  give  motion  to  the  waters.  Natural  bridges,  common  to 
limestone  regions,  abound  in  this  section  of  the  territory. 
Proceeding  southward,  the  ridge  just  mentioned  becomes 
more  depressed,  until  it  reaches  the  source  of  the  Oclavvaha, 
where  it  disappears  entirely,  though  similar  geological 
features  may  be  traced  several  miles  further  south.  All 
below  the  28°  of  N.  Lat.  consists  of  flat  lands,  subject  to  oc 
casional,,  and  a  large  poition  of  it,  to  constant  submersion. 

Rivers. — St.  Johns,  Escambia,  Yellow  Water,  Chocta- 
whatchic,  Appalachicola,  Oclackonnce,  Suwanec,  St.  Ma 
rys,  &c. 

Bays. — Pcrdido,  Pensacola,  Choctawhatchie,  St.  An 
drews,  Appalachce,  St.  Josephs,  Charlotte,  Gallivans,  and 
Chatham  on  the  Gulf. 

No  bays  of  any  importance  exist  on  the  Atlantic  side  of 
the  Territory;  Mosquitto,  Lagoon,  Jndian  river,  &c.,  re 
semble  bays,  but  like  the  St.  Johns,  they  are  merely  ex 
panded  rivers,  arid  cannot  with  propriety  be  called  bays. 

Productions. — Cotton,  rice,  sugar,  tobacco,  indigo,  In 
dian  corn,  «&c.,  together  with  a  great  variety  of  garden 
vegetables. 

Towns. — Tallahassee,  the  capital;  Pensacola,  St.  Augus. 
tine,  Alaqua,  Webbvillc,  Appalachicola,  Quincy,  Monticello, 
Jacksonville,  &c. 

Florida,  F.  (312.)  Fort  Portage,  O.  (99.) 

Florida,  Ala.  0298.)  Fort  Ann,  N.  Y.  (60.) 

Florence,  Ala.  (247.)  Fort  Dearborn,  II.  (95.) 

Fords,  Miss.  (2D7.)  Fort  Edwards,  II.  (117.) 

Forsyth,  G.  (270.)  Fort  Erie,  U.  C.  (77.) 

Forlin,  Lou.  (309.)  Fort  Brown,  O.  (98.) 
Fort  Gratiot,  Mich.  T.  (51.)     Fort  Necessity,  O.  (125.) 

Fort  St.  Mary,  O.  (124.)  Fort  Deposit,  Ala.  (248.) 

Fort  Amanda,  O.  (124.)  Fort  Early,  G.  (286.) 

Fort  Recovery,  O.  (124.)  Fort  Armstrong,  Ala.  (249.) 


FOR 


GALENA, 


39 


Fort  StrothcT,,Ala.  (267.) 
Fort  Chinnabie,  Ala.  (267.) 
Fort  Talladega,  Ala.  (267.) 
Fort  Williams,  Ala.  (267.) 
Fort  Jackson,  Ala.  (284.) 
Fort  Mitchell,  Ala.  (285.) 
Fort  Bainbridge,  Ala.  (285.) 
Fort  Lawrence,  G.  (286.) 
Fort  Mimtns,  Ala.  (299.) 
Fort  Crawford,  Ala.  (299.) 
Fort  Dale,  Ala.  (300.) 
Fort  James,  G.  (304.) 
Fort  Gaines,  G.  (301.) 
Fort  Scott,  G.  (315.) 
Fort  Barrington,  G.  (305.) 
Fort  Bowyer,  Ala.  (3 11.) 
Fort  St.  Phillip,  Lou.  (324.) 
Fowl,  T.  (314.) 
Francestown,  N.  H.  (85.) 
Franconia,  N.  H.  (38.) 
Franklin,  Pa.  (103.) 
Franklin,  Va.  (174.) 
Franklin,  Ind.  (147.) 
Franklin,  K.  (208.) 
Franklin,  T.  (228.) 
Franklin,  N.  C,  (231.) 
Franklin,  G.  (269.) 


Franklin,  Miss.  (295.) 
Franklin,  Lou.  (322.) 
Frauklintown,  Lou.  (309.) 
Franklinville,  G.  (316.) 
Frankfort,  11.  (186.) 
Frankfort,  Ind.  (122.) 
Frankfort,  Va.  (194.) 
Frankfort,   capital  of  Ken 
tucky,  (169.) 
Franktown,  Va.  (]99.) 
Fraser,N.  C.  (217.) 
Fredericksburg,  Ind.  (167.) 
Fredericksburg,  Va.  (176.) 
Fredcricktown,  Md.  (155.) 
Fredericktown,  Mo.  (184.) 
Fredcricktown,  O.  (126.) 
Fredonia,  N.Y.(77.) 
Fredonia,  O.  (167.) 
Freehold,  N.J.  (134.) 
Freeport,  Pa.  (129.) 
Freeport,  Me.  (63.) 
Frenchmans  B.  Me.  (41.) 
French  T.,  Miss.  (311.) 
Friendsville,  Pa.  (106.) 
Fulsoms,  Miss.  (265.) 
Fry  burg,  Me.  (62.) 
Foxboro,  Mass.  (85.) 


G. 

Gainsville,  G.  (251.)  Galvczton,L.  (309.) 

Galena,  111.  (66,)  is  the  centre  of  an  extensive  lead  re 
gion,  in  Illinois,  and  the  districts  of  Huron  or  Wisconsin, 
and  Sioux.  Population  about  2000. 

ROUTES  FROM  GALENA. 


To  St.  Louis,  by  Steam 

Rush  Creek, 

8  26 

Boat. 

Plum  Creek, 

10  36 

Mississippi  River, 

4 

Maradozia, 

10  46 

Apple  Creek, 

14  18 

Fort  Armstrong, 

24  7,0 

40 


GAL 


GEORGIA, 


Copper  Creek, 

26     96 

To  Fort  Winnebago,  by  land. 

Fort  Edwards, 

100  196 

Gratiot's  Grove,                  15 

Hannibal, 

41  237 

Dodgeville,                 30    45 

L  uisiana, 

25  262 

Moundville,                 14     59 

Illinois  River, 

72  334 

Fort  Winnebago,        54  113 

Missouri  River, 

17  351 



St.  Louis, 

17  368 

To  Chicago,  by  land,       169 

To  Prairie  du 

Chien. 

To  Vandalia,  by  land. 

N.  boundary  of  11. 

17 

Rock  River,                       65 

L.  Platte  Cr. 

7  24 

Peoria,                          76  141 

Grant  Cr. 

6  30 

Springfield,                 65  206 

Cassville, 

14  44 

Vandalia,                    55  261 

Prairie  du  Chien, 

24  68 

Gallipolis,  O.  (171.) 
Gallatin,  T.  (208.) 
Gandysville,  Va.  (153.) 
Gap,  N.  H.  (38.) 
Garland,  Me.  (40.) 
Gasconade,  Mo.  (162.) 
Gasconade  R.,  Mo.  (182.) 
Gasaways,  II.  (186.) 
Gates  C.  H.,  N.  C.  (218.) 
Gate  woods,  II.  (166.) 


Geneseo,  N.  Y.  (79.) 
Geneva,  N.  Y.  (80.) 
Georgetown,  P.  (132.) 
Georgetown,  Pa.  (128.) 
Georgetown,  D.  C.  (176.) 
Georgetown,  O.  (170.) 
Georgetown,  D.  (178.) 
Georgetown,  S.  C.  (274.) 
Georgetown,  G.  (271.) 
Georgetown,  K.  (169.) 


Genereau,  Mich.  (49.) 

Georgia,  (270.)  The  state  of  Georgia  is  divided  into 
ninety-nine  counties.  Population  516,567,  including 
217,470  slaves.  Area,  61,500  square  miles.  Capital,  Mil- 
ledgeville.  Metropolis,  Savannah,  lat.  32°  03'  N.,  long.  4° 
03'  W.  General  election,  first  Monday  in  October.  Legis 
lature  meet  first  Monday  in  November.  Constitution 
formed,  1798. 

Government. — The  governor  is  elected  by  the  people,  for 
two  years;  salary  $3,000.  The  legislative  power  is  vested 
in  a  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  styled  the  Gene 
ral  Assembly.  The  members  of  both  houses  are  chosen 
annually,  on  the  first  Monday  in  October,  and  meet  on  the 
first  Monday  in  November.  One  Senator  is  elected  for 
each  county,  and  the  number  of  Representatives  is  in  pro  - 


GEORGIA.  41 

portion  to  population,  including  three-fifths  of  all  the  people 
of  colour  ;  but  each  county  is  entitled  to  at  least  one,  but 
not  more  than  four. 

Judiciary  — Superior  Court,  the  judges  of  which  are 
elected  by  the  legislature  for  three  years  and  receive  an 
nually  $2,100  each.  The  justices  of  the  inferior  courts, 
and  justices  of  the  peace,  are  elected  quadrennially  by 
the  people. 

Physical  Structure. — Nearly  two-thirds  of  the  state,  on 
the  south-east,  presents  a  level  aspect,  nearly  destitute  of 
mountains.  North-west  of  the  great  road  leading  from 
Augusta  to  Columbia,  the  country  becomes  mountainous, 
increasing  in  elevation  as  we  proceed  westward,  until  it 
attains  a  mean  altitude  of  about  1200  feet.  This  inclined 
plane,  which  contains  the  gold  region,  is  suddenly  termi 
nated  by  the  Blue  Kidge,  which  separates  the  waters  of 
the  Tennessee  from  those  of  Coosa,  &c. 

Rivers. — Coosa,  Chattahooehc,  Flint,  Suwanee,  Santilla, 
Alatamaha,  Ocrnulgec,  Oconee,  Ogechee,  and  Savannah. 

Productions. — Cotton,  rice,  timber,  tobacco,  Indian  corn, 
and  fruits  in  great  variety  and  abundance.  Gold  and  some 
other  minerals. 

Internal  Improvements. — Savannah  and  Ogechee  Canal, 
commences  at  Savannah,  and  intersects  the  great  Ogechee 
a  short  distance  above  the  mouth  of  the  Cannouchee  river. 
An  extension  of  tins  work  is  proposed,  of  sixty  miles,  to  the 
Alatamaha. — Aldtamaha  and  Brunswick  Kail  Road,  twelve 
miles  in  length. 

Towns. — Savannah,  Milledgeville,  Augusta,  Darien, 
Macon,  Columbus,  Washington,  Louisville,  St.  Marys, 
Greensboro,  Sparta,  &c. 

Germantown,  Pa.  (133.)  Gilead,  II.  (143.) 

Gcrmantown,  Va.  (195.)  Gilford,  N.  H.  (62.) 

Germantown,  N.  C.  (236.)  Gilmanton,  N.  H.  (62.) 

Gettysburg,  Pa.  (155.)  Gloucester,  Mas.  (86.) 

Germantown,  N.  C.  (214.)  Gloucester,  Va.  (198.) 

Gibraltar  Pt.  U.  C.  (54.)  Glasgow,  K.  (189.) 

Gibsonport,  Miss.  (295.)  Golconda,  II.  (186.) 

Gilboa,  N.  Y.  (82.)  Goldboro,  Me.  (41.) 


42 


GOL 


HAR 


Gold  Region,  G.  (250.) 
Good,  N.  C.  (233.) 
Gorham,  Me.  (63.) 
Goshen,N.  Y.  (108.) 
Governeur,  N.  Y.  (34.) 
Grand  Lake,  Me.  (2l.) 
Grand  Id.  U.  C.  (33.) 
Grand  R.  Mich.  (71.) 
Granger,  O.  (101.) 
Granville,  Mass.  (84.) 
Grata,  Pa.  (132.) 
Gr.  F(>irg  Harbour,  N.  J. 

(158.) 

Gr.   Menan  Id.,  N.  B.   (42.) 
Gr.  Ogcchee  R.,  G.  (288.) 
Greensboro,  Vt.  (37.) 
Greensboro,  G.  (270.) 
Greensboro,  Ala.  (283.) 
Grcensburg,  P.  (12).) 
Greerisburg,  Ind.  (147.) 
Greensburg,  K.  (189.) 
Green  upsbursf,  F\.(171.) 
Greenville,  II.  (164.) 

Haddara,Con.  (110.) 
Hadensville,  Va.  (196.) 
Hadlcy  (south)  Canal,  see 

Massachusetts,  (84.) 
Hagerstown,  Md.  (155.) 
Halifax,  P.  (132.) 
Halifax,  N.C.  (217.) 
Hiillowell,  Me.  (40.) 
Halls,  N.  C.  (235.) 
Hamburg,  N.  J.  (108.) 
Hamburg,  P.  (133.) 
Hamburg,  S.  C.  (272.) 
Hamilton,  N.  Y.  (78.) 
Hamilton,  O.  (148.) 
Hamilton,  Miss.  (280.) 
Harniltoris,  Lou.  (278.) 


II. 


Greenville,  S.  C.  (252.) 
Greenville,  K.  (187.) 
Greenville  O.  (124.) 
Greenville,  Ind.  (168.) 
Greenville,  Mo.  (184.) 
Greenville,  T.  (212.) 
Greenville,  N.  C.  (237.) 
Greenville,  Mis.  (295.) 
Greenfield,  Mass.  (84.) 
Greenfield,  Ind.  (147.) 
Greenfield,  O.  (149.) 
Grcensville,  Va.  (213.) 
Greensvillc,  Ala.  (300.) 
Green  River,  K.  (187.) 
Greene  C.  H.,  Miss.  (298.) 
Greene,  N.Y.  (810 
Greenca?tle,  Ind.  (146.) 
Greencastlc,  P.  (155.) 
Grecnock,  Ark.  (224.) 
Grinders,  T.  (227.) 
Grabb,  Lou.  (294.) 
Guildhall,  Vt.  (38.) 
Guyandot.  Va.  (171.) 


Hampton,  Va.  (198.) 
Hampton  N.  J.  (158.) 
Hampton,  Lou.  (309.) 
Hanbyvillc,  Ala.  (267.) 
Hancocks,  T.,  Md,  (154.) 
Hannas,  N.  C.  (235.) 
Hanover,  N.  H.  (61.) 
Hanover,  Va.  (1(J7.) 
Hardin,  O.  (124.) 
Hardin,  O.  (125.) 
Hardinsburg,  K.  (188.) 
Hardinsville,  (226.) 
Hardwich,  Mass.  (84.) 
Hartford,  Md.  (156.) 
Hargroves,  Ala.  (267.) 
Harleam  C'/,  see  N.  Y.(l35.) 


HARTFORD. 


43 


Harlaem  Rail  Road,$ee  New 

York,  (135.) 

Harlcesvillc,  S.  C.  (255.) 
Harmony,  Me.  (40.) 
Harmony,  P.  (128.) 
Harmony, Ind.  (166.) 
Harperficld,  N.  Y.  (82.) 
Harpersficld,  O.  (101.) 
Harper's  Ferry,  Va.  (155.) 


Harpshead,  K.  (187.) 
Harrington,  Me.  (42.) 
Harrisburg,  P.  (132.) 
Harrisburg,  T.  (225.) 
Harrisonburg,  Va.  (1 75.) 
Harrison  burg,  Lou.  (294.) 
Harrisville,  Va.  (217.) 
Harrisonville  II.  (163.) 
Harrodsburg,  K.  (190). 


Haitford,  Con.  (110,)  one  of  the  capitals  of  Connecticut, 
and,  next  to  New  Haven,  the  most  populous  town  in  the 
state;  population  9,769  ;  its  public  buildings  consist  of  the 
State  House,  Deaf  and  Dumb  Asylum  on  Tower-hill,  the 
Lunatic  Asylum,  College,  and  several  splendid  churches. 

ROUTES  FROM  HARTFORD. 


To  New  Haven,  by  Stage.      Mendon,                      12     74 

Nevvington,                           6 

Medway,                      9     83 

Worth  ington,                6     12 

Dover,                         12     95 

Meriden,                        6     18 

Brooklyne,                  11  106 

Wallingford,                 4     22 

Boston,                          4  110 

North  Haven,               9     31 



New  Haven,                 5     36 

To  Providence,  by  Stage. 



Ashford,  as  above,             28 

To  New  Haven  via   Middle- 

Potnfret,                         14  42 

town,  by  Stage. 

Killingly,                         6  48 

Stepney,                                 8 

Providence,                  26  74 

Middletown,                 8     16 



Durham,                       7     23 

To  New  London,  by  Stage. 

North  ford,                     8     31 

Glastenbury,                         7 

New  Haven,               10     41 

Marlboro,                       11  18 



Colchester,                     8  26 

To  Boston,  by  Stage. 

New  Salem,                   7  38 

Ellington,                            14 

Chesterfield,                    6  39 

Tolland,                          5  19 

New  London,                 7  46 

Wellington,                    7  26 



Ashford,                         2  28 
Thompson,                   20  48 

To  Springfield,  by  Stage. 
Windsor,                               7 

Douglass,                     14  62 

Warehouse  Ft.               7  14 

44                   HAR                                            HOP 

Enfield,                          4  18 

Salisbury,                      7  48 

Springfield,                   10  28 





To  Litchjield,  by  Stage. 

To  Worcester,  by  Stage. 

Farmington,                       10 

Tolland,                               19 

Burlington,                     9  19 

Stafford  Spr.                   8  27 

Harwinton,                    7  26 

Stafford  Ch.                    2  29 

Litchneld,                      8  34 

Sturbridge,                   23  52 



Charlton,                       10  62 
Worcester,                   10  72 

To  D  anbury,  by  Stage. 
Farmington,                       10 

.. 

Bristol,                           7  17 

To  Salisbury,  by  Stage. 
Northington,                         9 

Plymouth,                       6  23 
Watertown,                    7  30 

Canton,                           5  14 

Woodbury,                      7  37 

Winsted,                       12  26 

Newtown,                    15  52 

Norfolk,                        10  36 

Danbury                         9  61 

N.  Canaan,                     5  41 

Hartford,  K.   (188.) 
Hartford,  N.  C.  (218.) 
Hartford,  G.  (287.) 
Hartsville,  T.  (208.) 
Harwich,  Mass.  (112.) 
Hauppage,N.  Y.  (135.) 
Havana,  Ala.  (246.) 
Haverhill,  N.  H.  (37.) 
Havre  de  Grace,  Md.  (156.) 
Haysboro,  T.  (208.) 
Hyatts,  L.  C.  (17.)' 
Hazlepatch,  K.  (191.) 
Helena,  Ark.  (244.) 
Hempstead,  N.  Y.  (135.) 
Henderson,  II.  (118.) 
Henderson,  K.  (187.) 
Henderson,  N.  C.  (234.) 
Henncpin,!!.  (93)      , 
Henry  C.  H,,  G.  (269.) 
Herculaneum,  Mo.  (163.) 
Hereford  Inlet,  N.  J.  (158.) 
Herkimer,  N.  Y.  (59.) 
Hicks,  G.  (249.) 


Hickstown,F.  (316.) 
Hicksford,  Va.  (217.) 
Hickory  Hill,  S.  C.  (289.) 
Hickory  T.,  P.  (103.) 
High  Pt.,  U.C.  (74.) 
Hill,  N.  C.  (217.) 
Hills  West,  N.  C.  (80.) 
Hillsboro,  (143.) 
Hillsboro,  O.  (149.) 
Hillsboro,  N.  C.  (215.) 
Hillsboro,  N.  H.  (162.) 
Hilton  Head,  S.  C.  (2!jO.) 
Hindostan,  Ind.  (167.) 
Hogton,N.  C.  (237.) 
Hollidayburg-,  P.  (130.) 
Holmes,  F.  (314.) 
Hoknesville,  Miss.  (296.) 
Holrnesville,  G.  (304.) 
Holston  R.  Va.  (213.) 
Hookset  Canal,  sec  New 

Hampshire,  (62.) 
Hoof  Inn,  N.C.  (238.) 
Hope,  N.  J.  (134.) 


ILLINOIS.  45 

Hopctown,  N.  Y.  (80.)  Hulinsburg,  P.  (103.) 

Hophinton,  N.  Y.  (35.)  Humes,  S.  C.  (274.) 

Ilopkinton,  N.  H.  (62.)  Iluntersville,  Va.  (173.) 

Hopkinsville,  K.  (207.)  Huntingdon,  P.  (130.) 

Horn  T.  Va.  (199.)  Huntingdon,  T.  (206.) 

Horns  N.  C.  (256.)  Hunts,  N.  Y.  (79.) 

Horry,  G.  (286.)  Huntsvillc,  N.  C.  (214.) 

Hot  Springs,  Ark.  (241.)  Huntsvillc,  Ala.  (248.) 

Howards,  S.  C.  (255.)  Huntsville  Canal,  see  Ala- 
Hudson,  N.  Y.  (83.)  barna,  (248.) 
Hudson  Sf  Delaware  Canal,     Huntsville,  S.  C.  (253.) 

see  New  York,  (108.)  Huston,  N.  C.  (254.) 

Hughsville,  Va.  (214.)  Huttonsville,  Va.  (173.) 

Illinois,  state  of,  (186,)  is  divided  into  68  counties. 
The  population  in  1830,  was  157,445,  but  has  greatly  in- 
creased  since.  Area,  57,900  square  miles.  Capital  and 
metropolis,  Vandalia,  lat.  38°  58'  N.  long.  11°  57'  W.  Ge 
neral  election,  first  Monday  in  August  biennially.  Legis 
lature  meets  first  Monday  in  December  every  second  year. 
Date  of  constitution,  1818. 

Government. — Governor  is  elected  for  four  years,  salary 
S1000.  The  lieutenant-governor  is  president  of  the  senate. 
The  "  General  Assembly"  consists  of  a  senate  and  house 
of  representatives.  The  members  of  the  former  are  elected 
for  four  years,  and  those  of  the  latter  biennially  ;  pay  of 
each,  three  dollars  a  day  ;  meet  every  other  year  on  the 
first  Monday  in  December.  General  election,  first  Monday 
in  August,  biennially. 

Judiciary. — The  Supreme  Court  consists  of  a  chief  jus. 
tice  and  three  associate  judges  ;  salary  of  each  $1000. 
They  hold  circuit  courts  also.  There  is  another  judge  for 
the  circuit  north  of  Illinois  river.  The  court  of  county 
commissioners,  is  composed  of  three  persons,  who  are 
elected  every  two  years.  Justices  of  the  peace  are  elected 
by  the  people,  and  hold  office  four  years.  There  is  a  judge 
of  probate  in  each  county.  Imprisonment  for  debt,  except 
in  certain  cases,  is  not  allowed.  Slavery  is  prohibited  by 
the  constitution. 

Physical  Structure. — The  whole    state  is   remarkably 


46  INDIANA. 

level,  having  no  mountains,  nor  indeed  any  hills  of  great 
elevation.  In  the  northern  part  of  the  state,  a  partial  change 
in  the  surface  is  perceptible  ;  the  country  is  somewhat  bro 
ken  and  undulating,  but  its  level  character  is  maintained 
throughout  the  whole.  The  "  American  Bottom,"  so  called, 
celebrated  for  its  fertility,  extends  along  the  left  bank  of 
the  Mississippi,  from  the  mouth  of  the  Missouri  to  Kaskas- 
kia,  nearly  ninety  miles.  Prairies  and  barrens  abound  to 
a  great  extent  in  this  state  ;  probably  one-half  of  its  sur 
face  consists  of  these  natural  meadows. 

Rivers. — Mississippi,  Rock,  Illinois,  Sangamo,  Kaskas- 
kia,  Ohio  and  Wabash. 

Productions. — Indian  corn,  wheat,  tobacco,  cotton,  lead, 
&c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Are  merely  prospective,  none 
having  yet  been  completed,  A  canal  about  100  miles  in 
length,  from  Ottowa,  or  perhaps  from  Hennepin,  lower  down 
the  Illinois  to  lake  Michigan,  has  been  long  contemplated. 

Towns. — Vandalia,  Edwardsvills,   Belleville,  Carrolton, 
Albion,  Kaskaskia,  Shawneetown,  Springfield,  Beardstown, 
Ottowa,  Galena,  and  many  others. 
Illinois  R.,  II.  (94.)  Illinois,  R.,  Ark.  (200.) 

Illinois  Canal.  See  II.  (94.)      Indiana,  P.  (129.) 

Indiana,  state  of,  (166,)  is  divided  into  eighty-six  counties, 
and  had,  in  1830,  a  population  of  343,031.  Area,  36,500 
square  miles.  Capital,  Indianapolis  ;  metropolis,  New 
Albany,  lat.  38°  19'  N.  long.  8°  44'  W.  Date  of  constitu 
tion,  1816.  General  election,  1st  Monday  in  August.  Leg 
islature  meet,  1  st  Monday  in  December. 

Government. — The  governor  is  elected  for  three  years  ; 
salary  $1,000  per  annum.  Lieutenant-governor  is  presi 
dent  of  the  senate,  and  receives  two  dollars  per  day  during 
the  session  of  the  legislature. 

The  legislature  is  called  the  General  Assembly  of  Indi 
ana,  and  is  composed  of  a  senate,  the  members  of  which  are 
elected  for  three  years ;  and  a  house  of  representatives, 
whose  members  are  elected  annually.  The  number  of  the 
former  is  at  present  30  ;  and  the  latter  75.  Pay  of  mem 
bers  of  both  houses  is  two  dollars  a  day  each, 


INDIANA. INDIANOl'OLIS.  47 

Judiciary. — The  judiciary  power  is  vested  in  a  Supreme 
Court,  circuit  courts,  and  such  other  inferior  courts  as  the 
general  assembly  may  establish.  The  supreme  court  con 
sists  of  three  judges;  and  each  of  the  circuit  courts  con 
sists  of  a  president  and  two  associates.  All  the  judges  hold 
their  office  for  seven  years,  if  not  removed  for  improper 
conduct. 

The  judges  of  the  supreme  court  are  appointed  by  the 
governor,  with  the  consent  of  the  senate.  The  presiding 
judges  of  the  circuit  courts  are  appointed  by  the  legisla 
ture  ;  and  the  associates  are  elected  by  the  people.  There 
are  seven  presiding  judges  of  circuit  courts.  The  judges 
of  the  supreme  and  circuit  courts  receive  $700  per  annum. 
The  associate  judges  receive  $2  a  day  each,  during  the 
session  of  the  courts. 

Physical  Structure. — The  country  along  the  Ohio,  from 
the  Wabash  to  the  Miami,  and  20  or  25  milts  back,  pre 
sents  a  broken  and  hilly  appearance  :  it  is  not  however 
hilly  in  the  strict  sense  of  the  term.  The  ridges,  con- 
monly  so  called,  are  mere  buttresses  which  support  the 
elevated  plateaus  in  the  rear.  These  gorges  have  evidently 
been  occasioned  by  the  abrasions  of  the  streams  which  have 
thus  formed  those  dark  ravines  which  abound  in  this  part  of 
the  state.  In  the  central  portions,  the  land  is  less  broken,  and 
in  the  north  no  mountains  or  hills  of  any  mangitude  exist. 

Rivers. — Ohio,  Wabash,  White  water,  Laugherry,  Sil 
ver,  Indian,  the  four  last  are  merely  creeks. 

Productions. — Corn,  wheat,  rye,  buckwheat,  oats,  flourr 
&c.  many  sorts  of  vegetables  grow  in  great  abundance. 

Internal  Improvements. —  Wubash  and  Erie  Canal.  It  is 
to  extend  from  Lafayette,  to  the  eastern  boundary  of  the 
state.  Length  127  miles. 

Towns. — Indianapolis  the  capital ;  Vincennes,  Lawrence- 
burg,  Aurora,  Vevey,  Madison,  Jeffersonville,  New  Albany, 
Fredonia,  Troy,  New  Harmony,  Richmond,  Loganport, 
Lafayette,  &c.  &c. 

Indianapolis,  (146.) 

ROUTES  FROM  INDIANAPOLIS. 

To  New  Albany,  by  stage,    I  Edinburg,  10     30 

Franklin,  20  |  Columbus,  12    42 


48       INDIANAPOLIS. 


JAM 


Brovvnstown,              25     67 

Greencastle,  R.          17     37 

Vallona,                         3     70 

Terrehaute,                33     70 

Salcrn,                          19     89 

Umbarras  R.              45  115 

Greenville,                  24  113 

Ewington,                  25  140 

N.  Albany,                    9  122 

Vandalia,                    30  170 

(Thence  to  Louisville,  K. 



3  miles.) 

To  Covington,  by  Stage. 



Crawfordsville,                   50 

To  Cincinnati,  by  Stage. 

Covington,                 29     79 

Rushville,                           40 



Somerset,                   14     54 

To  Wayne,  by  Stage. 

Brooke  ville,                11     6.3 

Connerstown,                      17 

Harrison,                    17     82 

Noblcsville,                  4    21 

Miami,                         8     90 

Strawtown,                   7     28 

Cincinnati,                  15  105 

Wayne,                       83  111 

To   Vincennes,  by  Stage. 

To  Columbus,  O.  by  Stage. 

Port  Royal,                          16 

Greenfield,                          20 

Martinville,                14     30 

Centreville,                44     64 

Spencer,                     24     54 

Richmond,                    6     70 

Bloomfield,                  23     77 

Lewisburg,                 17     87 

Vincennes,                 45  122 

York,                         16  103 



Springfield,                26  129 

To  Vandalia,  K.  by  Stage. 

Columbus,                 43  172 

Innfield,  N.  C.  (217.) 
Instantur,  P.  (104.) 
Ipswich,  Me.  (86.) 
Irvine,  K.  (191.) 

Jackson,  Mich.  (73.) 
Jackson,  O.  (J50.) 
Jackson,  Mo.  (185.) 
Jackson,  T.  (226.) 
Jackson,  capital  of  Miss. 

(280.) 

Jackson,  Ala.  (298.) 
Jacksonville,  11.  (142.) 
Jacksonville,  G.  (303.) 
Jacksonville,  F.  (318.) 


J. 


Ithaca  Sf  Owego  Rail  Road. 

see  N.  Y.  (       .) 
Ischua,  N.  Y.  (78.) 
Isle  of  Wight  Va.  (218.) 

Jacksonburg,  O.  (148.) 
Jacksonboro,  G.  (289) 
Jucksonboro,  S.  C.  (290.) 
Jacksboro,  T.  (210.) 
JafTrey,  &.  H,  (84.) 
Jamaica,  N.  Y.  (135.) 
Jamestown,  N.  Y.  (77.) 
James  River  Canals,  see 

Virginia,  (197.) 
James  R.,  Va.  (197.) 


JAM 


KENTUCKY, 


49 


James  and  Jackson  R.Canal, 

see  Va.  (196.) 
James  I.,  S.  C.  (210.) 
Jarncsville,  S.C.  (273.) 
Jasper,  T.  (22j.) 
Jay,  Me  (3J.) 
Jefferson,  O.  (102.) 
Jefferson,  P  (103.) 
Jefferson,  Mo.  (161.) 

K. 

Kalarnazoo,  R.,  Mich.  (71.) 
Kanawhn,    Navigation,   see 

Virginia,  (172  ) 
Kanawha  R.,  Va.  (172.) 
Kankakce,  R.,  Ind.  (95.) 
Kaskaskia  R  ,  II.  (144.) 
Kaskaskie,  Ind.  (95.) 
Kaskaskia,  II.  (185.) 
Keene,  N.  H.  (84.) 


Jefferson,  Va.  (176.) 
Jefferson,  N.  C.  (213  ) 
Jefferson,  Mis.  (246.) 
Jefferson,  G.  (251.) 
Jefferson,  G.  (316.) 
Jeffcrsonville,  Ind.  (168.) 
JeffersonvilK,  Va.  (193.) 
Jericho,  N.  Y.  (81.) 


Kempsvillc,  Va.  (218.) 
Kellyvale,  Va.  (37,) 
Kenjua,  P.  (103.) 
Kennard,  G.  (302.) 
Kennebeck  R.,  Me.  (40.) 
Kennebeck  R.,  Me.  (64.) 
Kenncburik,  Me.  (63.) 
Kent  I,  Md.  (]77.) 
Kentucky  R.,  K.  (191.) 


Kentucky  state  of,  (206,)  is  divided  into  84  counties. 
Population  in  1830,  687,917,  including  165,213  slaves. 
Area,  40,500  square  miles.  Capital  Frankfort,  metropolis 
Louisville,  Lat.  38°  18'  N.  Long-.  8°  46'  VV.  General 
election  first  Monday  in  August.  Legislature  meet,  first 
Monday  in  November.  Constitution  framed,  1799. 

Government. — Governor's  term  of  office,  four  years.  Sala 
ry  $J,000  per  annum.  Lieutenant-governor  $4  per  day, 
as  president  of  the  senate  ;  secretary  of  state,  $750  ;  audi 
tor,  register  and  treasurer,  each  $1,500. 

The  legislature  consists  of  a  Senate  and  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  styled  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Common 
wealth  of  Kentucky.  The  members  of  the  former  are  cho- 
sen  for  4  years  ;  those  of  the  latter  annually.  The  senate 
consists  of  38  members;  and  the  house  of  representatives 
of  100.  The  members  of  both  houses  receive  $2  per  day 
during  the  session  of  tbe  legislature. 

Judiciary. — The  court  of  appeals  consists  of  a  Chief  Jus 
tice  and  two  other  Judges  ;  salary  of  each  $1,500.  Cir 
cuit  courts;  the  state  is  divided  into  16  judicial  districts 


50  KENTUCKY. 

for  holding1  circuit  courts.  There  is  a  judge  for  each  cir 
cuit,  who  has  jurisdiction  of  law  cases  over  $50,  and  ot'chan- 
ccry  cases  over  £5,  and  holds  three  terms  a  year  in  each 
county  of  his  circuit.  The  salary  of  the  judges  of  the  cir 
cuit  courts  is  $1000  per  annum.  County  courts  are  also 
held  by  three  or  more  justices  of  the  peace.  Their  juris 
diction  is  over  inferior  suits.  They  hear  appeals  from  the 
decisions  of  single  justices. 

Physical  Structure. — The  south-eastern  portion  of  this 
state  borders  upon  the  Allegheny  range  of  mountains,  some 
of  the  spurs  and  detached  ridges  of  which  descend  for  a  con 
siderable  distance  into  it.  That  part  of  the  state  is  con 
sequently  of  a  mountainous  character,  with  lofty  eminences 
and  deep  ravines  and  valleys  between  them,  affording  land 
scape  views  of  uncommon  boldness  and  beauty.  Along  the 
Ohio  river,  and  extending  from  10  to  20  miles  in  different 
places  from  it,  are  the  "Ohio  Hills,"  parallel  with  that 
beautiful  stream.  These  hills  are  often  high,  generally 
gracefully  rounded  and  conical,  with  narrow  vales  and 
bottoms  around  their  bases.  They  give  to  that  portion  of 
the  state,  through  which  they  extend,  a  very  rough  ap 
pearance.  They  are  covered  with  lofty  forests,  and  have 
often  a  good  soil  on  their  sides  and  summits.  The  alluvial 
bottoms  between  them  and  the  Ohio,  and  along  the  streams 
which  full  into  that  river,  are  of  the  richest  kind. 

Rivers. — Ohio,  Big  and  Little  Sandy,  Licking,  Kentucky, 
Salt,  Green,  Cumberland,  Tennessee,  &c. 

Productions. — Indian  corn,  wheat,  rye,  buckwheat,  oats, 
hemp,  tobacco,  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Louisville,  and  Portland  canal. 
Length  about  one  and  a  half  miles.  Lexington  and  Oliio 
Rail  Road,  commences  at  Lexington,  passes  through  Frank 
fort,  and  thence  to  Shippingport,  near  Louisville.  Length 
85  miles. 

Towns. — Frankfort  the  capital ;  Lexington,.  Louisville, 
Marysville,  Greensburg,  Augusta,  Newport,  Co^ington, 
Port  William,  Owenboro, Henderson,  Flemingsburg,  Wash 
ington,  Paris,  Georgetown,  Harrodsburg,  Verseilles,  Bards- 
town,  Shelbyville,.  Russelville,  Bowling-green,  Princeton, 


K.NOXVILLE. 


51 


Glasgow,  together  with  others,  many  of  them  equally  im 
portant. 


Keys,  N.J.  (158.) 
Kilbourns,  Vt.  (37.) 
Killingworth,  Con.  (110.) 
Kilpatricks,  I1.(1G4.) 
Kinderhook,  N.  Y.  (83.) 
Kingston,  U.C.  (,33.) 
Kingston,  N.  Y.  (108.) 
Kingston,  R.  I.  (111.) 
Kingston,  Md.  (178.) 
Kingston,  T.  (230.) 


Kingston,  N.  C.  (537.) 
Kingstrec,  S.  C.  (274.) 
Kings,  N.  C.  (237.) 
Kings,  S.  C.  (-Jb9.) 
K.  Geo.  C.  H.  Va.  (176.) 
K.  &  Queens  C.  H.  Va. 

(198.) 

King  wood,  Va.(  153.) 
Kinsman,  O.  (102.) 


Kittanning,  P.  (129.) 

Knoxville,  T.  (231,)  the  most  important  town  in  east 
Tennessee.  Population  about  3,000.  The  public  buildings 
consists  of  a  college,  several  churches,  county  offices,  &,c. 

ROUTES  FROM  KNOXVILLE. 


To  Nashville,  by  Stage.      \  To  Warm  Springs  N.  C.  by 

Loveville,                             14 

Stage. 

Kingston,                    23     37 

Dandridge,                          32 

Crab  Orchard,            20     57 

Newport,                      15  47 

Sparta,                         38     95 

Warm  Springs  N.  C.   28  75 

Liberty,                       32  127 



Lebanon,                     26  153 

To  Athens,  by  Stage. 

Nashville,                   28  181 

Maryville,                             8 



Madisonville,                29  48 

To  Abingdon,  Va.  by  Stage. 

Athens,                         15  62 

Rutledge,                            32 



Bean's  Station,           10     42 

To  Clinton,                        18 

Mooresburg,                  8     50 

—  Jacksboro,                       36 

Rogcrsville,                13     63 

—  Montgomery,                 54 

King-sport,                  26     89 

—  Tazewell,                        50 

Blouritsville,               17  106 

Abingdon,  Va.            24  130 

Knoxville,  G.  (286.)                   Kutztown,  Pa.  (133.) 

L. 

Lacadie,  L.  C.  (15.)                   Lafayatte,  Ind.(122.) 

52 


LAG 


LANCASTER. 


La  Grange,  G.  (269.) 
Lake  Champlain,  N.  Y.  (36.) 
Lake  Ontario,  N.  Y.  (55.) 
Lake  Michigan,  Mich.  (69.) 
Lake  St.  Clair,  Mich.  (74.) 
Lake   Erie,  O.  (100.) 
Lake  Borgne,  Lou.  (310.) 
Lake  Ponchartrain,  Lou. 

(303.) 

L.  St.  Francis,  L.  C.  (14.) 
L.  of  the  two  Mts.  L.C.  (14.) 
L.  George  N.  Y.  (60.) 
L.  George,  F.  (330.) 
L.  Memphramagog,  L.  C. 

U6.) 

L.  Mermentou,  Lou.  (321.) 
L.  Bernard,  G.  (286.) 
Lancaster,  N.  II.  (38.) 
Louisville  and  Portland 

Canal,  sec  Ken.  (168.) 


La  Fourche  Canal,  see  Lou- 
isiana,  (323.) 

Lake  Vert't  Canal,  see  Lou 
isiana,  (323.) 

Lucka waxen  Canal,  see 
Pennsylvania,  (108.) 

Lake  Dnnninond  Canal,  see 
N.  Carolina,  (218.) 

Lancaster  Canal,  see  Ohio, 
(150.) 

Lehigh  Navigation,  see 
Pennsylvania,  (133.) 

Lacka waxen,  Rail  Road, see 
Pennsylv.nia,  (107.) 

Lykins   Valley  Rail  Road, 
see  Pennsylvania,  (132.) 

Loiicks  Canal,  see  S.  Caro 
lina,  (253.) 

Lockharts  Canal,  see  South 
Carolina,  (253.) 


Lancaster,  P.  (132.)  The  city  of  Lancaster  formerly  the 
capital  of  Pennsylvania,  is  a  large  and  thriving  place, 
having  a  population  of  7,683,  and  considerable  trade.  The 
great  road  from  Philadelphia  to  Pittsburg,  and  the  Colum 
bia  rail  road  pass  through  it.  Its  public  buildings  are,  a 
court  house,  jail,  Laucasterian  school  house,  and  several 
handsome  churches. 

ROUTES  FROM   LANCASTER. 


To  Philadelphia,  by  Stage. 
Soudersburg,                         8 
Coatsville,                     17  25 
Downingstown,              7  32 
Paoli,                             12  44 
Philadelphia,                 20  64 

To  Philadelphia,  by  Rail 
Road. 
Soudersburg,                      9 

Mine  Ridge,                   8  17 
Coatsville,                      12  29 
Downingstown,             8  37 
Schuylkill  river,           29  66 
Philadelphia,                   3  69 

To  Harrisburg,  by  Stage. 
Mountjoy,                           12 
Elizabeth  town,              7  19 

LANCASTER. 


53 


Middletown, 

7  26 

Stoystown, 

28  156 

Harrisburg, 

9  35 

Laughlintown, 

16  172 



Youngstown, 

13  185 

To  Pittsburg 

Greensburg, 

10  195 

Columbia,  by  Rail  R 

13 

Stuarlsville, 

13  208 

York  [by  stage,] 

11     24 

Pittsburg, 

19  227 

Abbotstown, 

15    3.9 

Gettysburg-, 

14    53 

To  Reading, 

by  Stage. 

Charnbcrsburg, 

25     78 

Ephrata, 

13 

M'Connelstown, 

19     97 

Adams, 

9  22 

Bedford, 

31  128 

Reading, 

9  31 

Lancaster,  O.  (150.) 
Lancaster,  Va.  (198.) 
Lancaster,  S.  C.  (-254.) 
Landisburg,  P.  (131.) 
Langford,  Ala.  (298.) 
La  Prairie,  L.  C.  (15.) 
Lattimore,  Miss.  (296.) 
Laughlin  T.,  P.  (129.) 
Lawrenceburg,  Ind.  (148.) 
Lawrenceboro,  T.  (227.) 
Lawrenceville,  S.  C.  (-^53.) 
Lawrenceville,  Mich.  (99.) 
Lawrenceville,  Ind.  (166.) 
Lawrenceville,  G.  (251.) 
Lawrenceville,  Va.  (218.) 
Lawrenceburg,  P.  (103.) 
Laurel  T.,  D.  (178.) 
Lead  Mines,  II.  (66.) 
Lead  M.,  Mo.  (163.) 
Leaf  R.,  Miss.  (297.) 
Lebanon,  N.  Y.  (83.) 
Lebanon,  P.  (132.) 
Lebanon,  O.  (148.) 
Lebanon,  II.  (164.) 
Lebanon,  K.  (189.) 
Lebanon,  T.  (208.) 


Lebanon,  Va.  (212.) 
Leesburg,  Va.  (155.) 
Leeds,  Va.  (177.) 
Le  FJors,  Miss.  (281.) 
Lehighton,  P.  (133.) 
Leicester,  Va.  (196.) 
Lenox,  Mass.  (83.) 
Leominster,  Mass.  (85.) 
Leonard  T.,  Md.  (177.) 
Le  Raysville,  N.  Y.  (34.) 
Leroy,  N.  Y.  (78.) 
Lewistown,  N.  Y.  (54.) 
Lewistown,  D.  (178.) 
Lewistown,  II.  (66.) 
Lewistown,  II.  (118.) 
Lewistown,  P.  (131.) 
Lewistown,  Va.  (216.) 
Lewis,  Lou.  (307.) 
Lewisburg,  Va.  (194.) 
Lexington,  N.  Y.  (82.) 
Lexington,  P.  (102.) 
Lexington,  K.  (169.) 
Lexington,  Va.  (195.) 
Lexington,  T.  (226.) 
Lexington,  N.  C.  (234.) 
Lexington,  G.  (270.) 


54 


LIB 


LOUISIANA. 


Liberty,  K.  (190.) 

Liberty,  Va.  (195.) 

Liberty,  S.  C.  (273.) 

Liberty,  Miss.  (2:)6.) 

Licking  R.,  K.  (170.) 

Licking  station,  [{.(191.) 

Lincolnton,  N.  C.  ( 233.} 

Lincolnton,  G.  (271.) 

Lisbon,  G.  (271.) 

Litchfield,  Con.  (109.) 

Litchfield,  K.  (188.) 

Little  Kunawha  River,  Va. 
.(151.) 

Li! tie  Rock,  capital  of  Ar 
kansas,  (242 ) 

Lit.  Egg  Harbour,  N.  J. 
(1.58.) 

Lit.  Prairie,  Mo.  (205.) 

Lit.  Red  R.,  Ark.  (22^.) 


L.  Wabash  R.,  II.  (165.) 
Livingston,  Miss.  (280.) 
Lockport,  N.  Y.  (55.) 
Loftus  Heights,  Miss.  (295.) 
Logansports,  Ind.  (122) 
Logan  C.  H.,  Va.  (193.) 
Logan,  O.  (150.) 
London,  U.  C.  (52.) 
London,  O.  (14.-).) 
Long  Ft,  U.  C.  (56.) 
Long  Pt.,  U.  C.  (7(i.) 
Long  Lake,  N.  Y.  (59.) 
Long  Island,  N.  Y.  (135.) 
L.I.  Sound,  N.  Y.  (110.) 
Long  Branch,  N.  J.  (135.) 
Long  Bay,  N.  &  S.C.  (275.) 
Longacoming,  N.  J.  (158.) 
Lorain,  N.  Y.  (58.) 
Louisiana,  Mo.  (141.) 


Louisiana,  state  of,  (277,)  is  divided  into  33  parishes ; 
had  in  1830,  215,739  inhabitants,  including  109,588  slaves. 
Area,  49,300  square  miles.  Capital  and  metropolis,  New 
Orleans,  lat.  30°  N.,  long.  13°  1'  W.  General  election, 
first  Monday  in  July,  biennially.  Legislature  meet,  first 
Monday  in  January.  Constitution  formed,  1812. 

Government. — Governor — term  of  office  four  years — 
salary,  $7,500  per  annum.  Secretary,  treasurer,  attorney 
general,  and  surveyor  general. 

Legislature. — The  legislative  authority  is  vested  in  a 
senate  and  a  house  of  representatives,  styled  the  General 
Assembly  of  the  state  of  Louisiana.  '  The  senators  are 
elected  for  four  years.  Their  number  is  17.  The  repre 
sentatives  are  elected  for  two  years.  Their  number  is  at 
present  50.  The  elections  are  held  on  the  first  Monday, 
Tuesday,  and  Wednesday  of  July.  The  general  assembly 
elect  by  joint  ballot,  for  governor,  one  of  the  two  who  have 
received  the  highest  number  of  the  votes  of  the  people. 

Judiciary — The  supreme  court  consists  of  three  judges, 
who  are  appointed  by  the  governor,  with  the  advice  and 
consent  of  the  senate.  This  court  has  only  appellate  juris- 


LOUISIANA.  55 

diction.  It  sits  in  New  Orleans  for  the  eastern  district, 
during  the  months  of  November,  December,  January,  Feb 
ruary,  March,  April,  May,  June,  and  July.  And  for  the 
western  district,  at  Opelousas  and  Attakapas,  during  the 
months  of  August,  September  and  October. 

The  criminal  court  of  New  Orleans  has  one  judge. 

There  are  eight  district  courts,  and  nine  judges.  The 
district  courts,  with  the  exception  of  the  first,  hold  in  each 
parish,  two  sessions  a  year. 

The  parish  courts  hold  a  regular  session  in  each  parish, 
on  the  first  Monday  in  every  month. 

The  courts  in  the  first  district,  viz  :  the  parish,  district, 
criminal  and  probate  courts,  are  in  session  the  whole  year, 
excepting  the  months  of  July,  August,  September,  arid 
October,  in  which  months  they  hold  special  courts  if  neces- 
,sary. 

I'liysical  Structure, — There  are  three  very  distinct  por 
tions  in  this  state,  as  it  regards  soil  and  surface.  1.  The 
north-eastern  part,  or  the  country  lying  cast  of  the  Missis 
sippi  and  north  of  Ponchartrain,  Maurepas,  and  Ibberville 
outlet,  embracing  the  parishes  of  east  and  west  Fdiciana, 
east  Baton  Rouge,  Washington,  St.  Helena,  and  St.  Tam 
many,  is  hilly,  of  a  sandy  soil,  covered  with  pine,  possess 
ing  fine  springs  and  a  salubrious  climate.  The  north 
western  portion  of  the  state  is  also  generally  elevated,  some 
of  it  very  much  so.  2.  The  south-western  part,  in  the  Op 
elousas  country,  is  covered  with  extensive  prairies,  of  great 
fertility  and  generally  level,  or  gently  undulating.  3.  The 
whole  delta,  or  country  lying  between  the  Atchafalaya 
(Charfalio)  outlet  on  the  west,  and  the  Ibberville  outlet  with 
its  continuation  in  lakes  Maurepas,  Ponchartrain  and 
Borgne,  on  the  east,  is  a  dead  level,  and  excepting  along 
the  margins  the  numerous  rivers  and  streams  of  a  variable 
width  of  from  a  quarter  of  a  mile  to  a  mile  and  more,  is 
chiefly  continuous  swamps,  covered  with  cypress,  swamp 
oak,  gum,  &c.  This  is  the  character  of  much  of  the  coun 
try  bordering  the  lower  parts  of  the  Red  river,  and  the 
Ouachita,  the  Courtableau,  and  other  streams. 

The  whole  southern  line  is  a  low  marshy  country, 
scarcely  rising  above  the  level  of  the  ocean,  and  often  over- 


56  LOUISVILLE. 

flown  by  the  tides.  Rising  in  the  most  gradual  manner, 
the  north-western  part  even  reaches  the  aspect  of  a  moun 
tainous  character.  The  coast  is  lined  with  low  and  sandy 
islands,  separated  from  the  main  land  by  shallow  bayous, 
or  stagnant  inlets,  and  covered  with  stinted  live-oaks. 

Rivers* — Mississippi,  Red,  Ouachita,  Atehafalaya, 
Courtableau,  Teche,  La  Fourche,  Amite,  &c. 

Productions. — Sugar  and  rice  are  the  principal,  cotton, 
Indian  corn,  fruits  of  various  sorts. 

Towns. — New  Orleans,  Madisonvillc,  St.  Helena,  Baton 
Rouge,  St.  Francisville,  Franklin,  St.  Martinsville,  Opelou- 
sas,  Alexandria,  Natchitochcs,  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — La  Fourche  Canal,  extends 
from  New  Orleans  to  Berwicks  Bay,  entire  length,  inclu 
ding  the  natural  navigation,  85  miles.  L.  Veret  Canal, 
extends  from  a  point  on  the  La  Fourche,  to  Lake  Veret, 
about  8  miles  in  length.  New  Orleans  and  Pontcharlrain 
Canal,  six  miles  in  length,  commences  at  the  S.  W.  part  of 
the  city,  and  intersects  Lake  Pontchartrain,  west  of  fort  St. 
John.  The  New  Orleans  and  Pontchartrain  Rail  Road, 
5  miles  long.  Several  unimportant  canals  exist  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  New  Orleans  and  in  the  parishes  border 
ing  on  the  Mississippi,  these  have  been  constructed  by  in 
dividuals  for  private  use. 

Louisville,  K.  (168),  situated  on  the  Ohio  at  the  head  of 
the  falls  ;  is  a  place  of  considerable  trade ;  population  at 
present,  17,000.  The  public  buildings  are  a  court  house, 
market  houses,  eight  or  ten  churches,  high  school,  marine 
hospital,  and  several  factories  of  iron,  cotton,  &.c. 

ROUTES  FROM  LOUISVILLE. 


To  Lexington,  by  Stage. 
Middletown,  12 

Shelbyville,  20  32 

Frankfort,  21  53 

Lexington,  24  77 


To  Nashville,  Ten.  by  Stage. 
West  Point,  21 

Elizabethtown,  22  43 

Coornbsville,  9  52 

Munfordsville,  21  73 

Glasgow,  19  93 


LOUISVILLE. 


57 


Scottsville,                 24  117 

To  Hopkinsville,  by  Stage. 

Gallatin,                      20  137 

West  Point,                        21 

Nashville,                   25  162 

Philadelphia,              16    37 



Hardinsburg,              22     59 

To  Indianapolis,  by  Stage. 

Hartford,                    36     95 

New  Albany,                         3 

Greenville,                   23  118 

Greenville,                    9     12 

Hopkinsville,              27  145 

Salem,                         24     36 



Valona,                         19     55 

To  Lexington,  by  Stage. 

Brownstown,                3     53 

Middletown,                        12 

Columbus,                   25     83 

Shelby  ville,                 20     32 

Edinburg,                   12     95 

Frankfort,                   21     53 

Franklin,                     10  105 

Lees,                           12     65 

Indianapolis,               20  125 

Lexington,                  12     77 

To  Vincfnnes,  by  Stage. 

To  Lexington,  by  Rail  Road. 

New  Albany,                         3 

Newcastle  road,                 30 

Greenville,                    9     12 

Frankfort,                      31  61 

Fredericksburg,          15     27 

Lees,                             12  73 

Paoli,                           18     45 

Lexington,                    12  85 

Mt.  Pleasant,             25     70 

_____ 

Washington,               18     88 
Vincennes,                 20  108 

To  Springfield,  by  Stage. 
Sheperdsville,                      23 



Bardstown,                    18  41 

To  Cincinnati,  by  Stage. 

Fredericksburg,            10  51 

Charleston,                           13 

Springfield,                     8  59 

Bethlehem,                 13     26 



New  London,               8     34 

To  Pittsburg,  by  Steam  Boat. 

Madison,                      12     46 

West  Point,                        23 

Aurora,                        31     77 

Madison,                      11     44 

Lawrenceburg,             3     80 

Port  William,             13     57 

Cincinnati,                 23  103 

Vevay,                          10     67 



Fredericksburg,          10     77 

To  Troy,  by  Stage. 

Lawrenceburg,           31  108 

New  Albany,                        3 

Cincinnati,                  24  132 

Corydon,     '                   16  19 

New  Richmond,         21  153 

Fredonia,                       16  35 

Point  Pleasant,             5  158 

Troy,                          28  63 

Augusta,                    15  173 



Mary  s  ville,                 16  189 

Portsmouth,               46  235 

LOU 


MAINE. 


Burlington, 

41  276  j  Henderson, 

11     199 

Gallipolis, 

41  317 

Mt.  Vernon, 

22     221 

Lctarts  Rapids, 

32  349 

Carthage, 

12     233 

Belville, 

30  379 

Shawneetown, 

19     252 

Parkersburg, 

17  396 

Cave  in  Rock, 

20    272 

Marietta, 

13  409 

Cumberland  R., 

41     313 

Wheeling, 

89  490 

Tennessee  R., 

11     324 

Stcuhcnville, 

21  511 

America, 

36    360 

Pittsburg, 

70  581 

Mouth  of  Ohio, 

11    371 



New  Madrid, 

65    436 

To  New  Orleans, 

by  Steam 

Little  Prairie, 

30    466 

Boat. 

Memphis, 

119    585 

Northampton, 

42 

Arkansas  R., 

172    757 

Leaven  worth, 

17       59 

Vicksburg, 

284  1041 

Stephen  sport, 

33      92 

Natchez, 

103  1144 

Rockport, 

53     145 

St.  Francisville, 

139  1283 

Owensburg, 

8     153 

Baton  Rouge, 

34  1317 

Evansvillc, 

35     188 

New  Orleans, 

131  1448 

Louisville,  G.  (271.) 
Louisburg,  N.  C.  (216.) 
Louisa,  K.  (171.) 
Lovelace,  Lou.  (295.) 
Lower  Canada,  (12.) 


Lucas,  N.  C.  (256.) 
Lumbcrton,  N.  C.  (255.) 
Lumpkin,G.  (285.) 
Lynchburg,  Va.  (195.) 
Lynhaven  Bay,  Va.  (198.) 


Lower  Marlboro,  Md.  (1 77.)     Lyons,  N.  Y.  (57.) 


M. 


Machias,  Me.  (42.) 
Mackeysvillc,  N.  C.  (232.) 
Macon,G.  (287.) 
Madison,  II.  (164.) 
Madison,  Ind.  (168.) 
Madison,  Va.  (175.) 


Madison,  T.  (229.) 
Madison,  G.  (270.) 
Madisonville,  K.  (187.) 
Madisonville,  T.  (330.) 
Madisonville,  Lou.  (309. 


Maine,  state  of,  (18,)  is  divided  into  ten  counties,  and 
had,  in  1830,  a  population  of  399,462.  Area,  38,250  square 
miles;  capital,  Augusta;  metropolis,  Portland;  lat.  43° 
39'  N.  long.  6°  39'  E.  General  elections,  second  Monday 
in  September  ;  legislature  meet  first  Wednesday  in  Jan* 
uary  ;  constitution  formed,  1819. 

Government. — The  governor  is  elected  annually  by  the 
people,  salary,  $1,500 ;  seven  counsellors  also  elected  an- 


MAINE.  59 

nually.  The  legislative  power  is  vested  in  a  "General 
Assembly,"  consisting  of  a  senate  and  house  of  representa 
tives,  members  of  both  elected  annually  by  the  people. 

Judiciary. — Supreme  court  consists  of  a  chief  justice, 
who  receives  a  salary  of  $1,800,  and  two  associate  judges, 
salary  §1,500  each.  Court  of  common  pleas,  a  chief  justice 
and  two  associate  justices,  each  receives  $1,200  per  an- 
num. 

Physical  Structure. — The  north-western  border  of  this 
state  consists  of  a  series  of  steps  or  escarpments  which  fol 
low  each  other  in  such  rapid  succession,  as  in  some  places 
to  attain  an  elevation  of  nearly  ^000  feet  in  the  space  of 
a  tew  miles.  This  elevation  continues  with  slights  inter 
ruptions  along  the  entire  line  from  the  sources  of  the  Con 
necticut  to  its  termination  in  the  north-east  angle  of  the 
state.  From  these  data  it  will  be  perceived  that  the  coun 
try,  forms  an  inclined  plane,  having  the  atluntic  coast  for 
its  limit  towards  the  south-east.  This  plane,  however,  is 
much  broken  by  high  hills  and  insulated  mountain  peaks ; 
examples  are  presented  by  Bald  Ridge  mountain,  a  spur 
from  the  main  ridge  ;  Mt.  Bigelow,  Saddleback,  Katawdin, 
and  others  ;  some  of  these  peaks  are  of  great  height,  espe 
cially  the  one  last  mentioned.  The  state  may  be  divided 
into  three  grand  sections  ;  the  atlantic  section  is  compara 
tively  level,  being  much  intersected  by  lakes  and  other  in 
dications  of  a  flat  surface ;  the  second  or  middle  section  is 
hilly,  and  the  third,  or  north-western  part,  is  decidedly 
mountainous. 

Rivers. — Androscoggin,  Kcnncbcck,  Pcnobscot,  St. 
Croix,  St.  Johns,  Madawaska,  Walloostook,  &c. 

Productions. — Lumber,  fish,  pot  and  pearl  ashes,  small 
grain,  provisions,  &c. 

Towns. — Portland,  the  metropolis  ;  Augusta,  the  capital ; 
York,  Paris,  Wiscasset,  Bath,  Halle-well,  Castine,  Belfast, 
Banger,  Maehias,  Ea^tport,  &c.  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Cumberland  and  Oxford  Canal, 
extends  from  Portland  to  Sebago  Pond,  20^  miles,  whence, 
by  a  lock  in  Songo  river,  the  navigation  is  extended  into 
and  through  Brandy  and  Long  Ponds,  a  further  distance  of 
30  miles. 

Middlesex  Canal)  sec  Massachusetts,  (85.) 


60 


MARYLAND. 


Muscle  Shoals  Canal,  see 

Alabama,  (217.) 
Montague  Canal,  see  Massa 
chusetts,  (84.) 
Mohawk   and  Hudson   Rail 

Road,  see  N.  York,  (83.) 
Miami  Canal,  see  O.  (148.) 
Mauch  Chunk  Rail  Road, 

see  Penn.  (133.) 
Mount   Carbon  Rail   Road, 

see  Penn.  (132.) 
Mill    Creek  Rail  Road,  see 

Penn.  (132.) 
Morris  Canal,  see  N.  Jersey, 

(134.) 
Manasquan  Canal,  see  New 

Jersey,  (158.) 
Monongahela  Navigation, 

see  Virginia,  (152.) 
Manchester  Rail  Road,  see 

Virginia,  (197.) 
Malone,  N.  Y.  (35.) 
Manaks,  Ala.  (284.) 
Manahawken,  N.  J.  (158.) 
Manchester,  Vt.  (60.) 
Manchester,  S.  C.  (273.) 
Manchester,  K.  (191.) 
Manlius,N.  Y.  (58.) 
Mansfield,  O.  (126.) 
Mansfield,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Mine  Hill  Rail  Road,  see 

Pa.  (132.) 


Mansfield,  Va.  (196.) 
Mantua,  O.  (101.) 
Mararnic,  Mo.  (183.) 
MararnicR.,  Mo.  (162.) 
Marathon,  Ala.  (247.) 
Marengo,  Ala.  (2o3.) 
Mariaville,  Me.  (41.) 
Marietta,  O.  (151.) 
Marion,  lud.  (123.) 
Marion,  O.  (125.) 
Marion,  Mo.  (161.) 
Marion,  Ala.  (283.) 
Marion,  G.  (287.) 
Marion  C.  H.,  S.  C.  (255.) 
Marksville,  Lou.  (294.) 
Marshville,  Va.  (152.) 
Marshallsville,  Va.  (216.) 
Marthas  Vineyard,  Mass. 

(112.) 

Marthasville,  Mo.  (163.) 
Martinsburg,  N.  Y.  (58.) 
Martinsburg,  P.  (130.) 
Martinsburg,  Ind.  (146.) 
Martinsburg,  Va.  (154.) 
Martin ville.N.C.  (215.) 
Martinsville,  Va.  (215.) 
Martins,  N.  C.  (213.) 
Martins,  N.C.  (214.) 
Marysville,  O.  (125.) 
Marysville,  K.  (16.9.) 
Marysville,  T.  (230.) 
Maryville,  Va.  (196.) 


Maryland,  state  of,  (153,)  is  divided  into  19  counties,  and 
contained  in  1830,  447,040  inhabitants,  including  102,994 
slaves;  area,  11,150  square  miles;  capital,  Annapolis; 
metropolis,  Baltimore;  lat.  39°  18'  N. ;  long.  0°  26' E. 
General  election,  first  Monday  in  October  for  delegates, 
third  Monday  in  September,  every  fifth  year,  lor  electors  of 
senators.  Legislature  meets,  first  Monday  in  December, 
Constitution  formed,  1776. 


MARYLAND.  61 

Government. — Governor  elected  by  the  General  Assem 
bly,  term  of  office,  one  year,  salary,  $2666.  Executive 
council,  consisting  of  five  members,  chosen  annually  by  the 
General  Assembly  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  January.  Sen 
ate,  consisting  of  15  members,  and  house  of  delegates,  80 
members,  called  the  General  Assembly,  meet  on  the  last 
Monday  in  December  at  Annapolis,  pay  of  member  $4  a 
day,  of  the  speakers,  $5,  each.  Members  of  the  senate,  are 
elected  every  fifth  year  by  electors  chosen  by  the  people, 
on  the  first  Monday  of  September.  The  members  of  the 
house  of  delegates  are  elected  annually  by  the  people,  on 
the  first  Monday  of  October. 

Judiciary. — Chancery  court,  chancellor  $3,600  per  an 
num.  Court  of  appeals,  chief  judge  and  four  associate 
judges,  who  receive  a  salary  of  $2,200  each,  and  one  for  the 
city  of  Baltimore,  who  receives  $3,000  per  annum.  Balti 
more  court,  one  chief  judge,  and  associate  judges  ;  salary 
of  the  former  $2,400,  of  the  two  latter,  1,500  each. 

Physical  Structure. — Eastern  section,  bordering  on  the 
Atlantic  ocean  and  eastern  shore  of  Chesapeake  bay,  level ; 
centre,  hilly,  gradually,  increasing  in  elevation,  until  it 
meets  the  western  section  of  the  state,  which  presents  little 
else  than  a  succession  of  mountain  ridges,  extending  from 
the  Monocacy  to  the  western  limits  of  the  state.  The  Back 
Bone  mountain,  so  called,  the  main  ridge  of  the  Alleghe- 
neys,  has  a  mean  altitude  of  about  2,500  feet,  and  is  the  divid 
ing  ridge  between  the  waters  of  the  Atlantic  and  those  run 
ning  into  the  Ohio. 

Rivers. — Potomac,  Patuxent,  Patapsco,  Susquehanna, 
Elk,  Chester,  Choptank,  Nantikoke,  &c. 

Productions. — Tobacco,  wheat,  some  cotton,  flax,  hemp, 
&c.  &c. 

Towns. — Baltimore,  Annapolis,  Frederick,  Hagerstown, 
Rockville,  Port  Tobacco,  Upper  Marlboro,  and  on  the  east 
ern  shore,  Elkton,  Chester,  Centreville,  Easton,  Cam 
bridge,  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal, 
extends  from  Georgetown  to  Pittsburg,  length  as  proposed, 
311 J  miles.  A  canal  9  miles  long,  leading  from  Alexan 
dria  to  intersect  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal,  at  George- 
6 


62  MASSACHUSETTS. 

town  is  now  constructing.  (See  District  of  Columbia.) 
Port  Deposit  Canal,  is  designed  to  overcome  the  rapids  of 
the  Susquehanna,  above  Port  Deposit,  length  nearly  10  ms. 
Canal  at  Little  Falls  of  Potomac,  2%  ms.  long.  Canal  at 
Great  Falls,  built  of  stone,  1^00  yards  long.  Baltimore  and 
Ohio  Rail  Road,  extends  from  Baltimore  to  the  Point  of 
Rocks  on  the  Potomac,  67  5-8  ms.  from  Baltimore.  This  road 
is  to  be  continued  to  the  Ohio  river.  A  road  of  a  single 
track  extends  from  the  main  line  to  Frederick,  3^  rns.  Bal 
timore  and  Susquehanna  Rail  Road,  commenced  in  1830,  is 
to  extend  to  York,  Pa. ;  length,  when  completed,  76  ms.  An 
other  rail  road  is  projected,  to  extend  from  Baltimore  to 
the  Susquehanna  at  Port  Deposit,  and  thence  to  unite  with 
the  Oxford  Rail  Road  of  Pa.,  which  intersects  the  Colum 
bia  Rail  Roud,  about  40  ms.  from  Philadelphia.  Baltimore 
and  Washington  Rail  Road,  length  37  3-4  miles;  this 
work  is  now  completed. 

Mason's  N.  C.  (233.)  Maysville,  Va.  (196.) 

Massachusetts,  state  of,  (83,)  is  divided  into  14  counties. 
Population  in  1830,  610,014.  Area,  8750  square  miles. 
Capital  and  metropolis,  Boston,  Lat.  42°  22'  N.  Long.  5° 
57'  E.  General  election  for  governor  and  senators,  first 
Monday  in  April;  for  representatives,  in  May.  Legislature 
meet,  fourth  Tuesday  in  October.  Constitution  formed,  1780. 

Government. — Governor,  term  of  office,  one  year,  salary 
$3,666  67.  Lieutenant  Governor  $533  33.  Secretary  of  com 
monwealth,  and  state  treasury,  each  $^,000;  adjutant 
general,  $1,500,  who  are  chosen  by  joint  ballot,  from  the 
senators,  and  nine  counsellors;  each  holds  his  office  for  one 
year.  Legislature,  styled  the  General  Court,  is  composed 
of  a  Senate  snd  House  of  Representatives.  Members  of 
the  senate  are  elected  annually  on  the  first  Monday  in 
April ;  the  representatives  are  elected  annually  in  May. 

Judiciary. — The  judiciary  power  is  vested  in  a  Supreme 
Court,  and  a  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  and  such  others  as 
the  General  Court  may  establish.  The  judges  are  appoint 
ed  by  the  governor  and  senate,  and  hold  their  offices  during 
good  behaviour. 

Physical  Structure. — The  eastern  part  of  the  state  is 
generally  level,  with  occasionally  an  isolated  hill.  In  the 
central  part,  between  Worcester  and  the  valley  of  the  Con- 


MASSACHUSETTS.  63 

necticut,  those  hills  occur  at  frequent  intervals,  until  pass 
ing  to  the  westward,  the  lands  increase  in  elevation,  and 
assume  the  aspect  of  a  mountain  region. 

The  mean  elevation  of  Berkshire,  the  extreme  western 
county  of  the  state,  is  not  less  than  1000  feet  above  tide. 
This  portion  is  studded  with  innumerable  hills  and  moun 
tain  peaks,  some  of  which  rise  to  a  height  of  3000  feet  above 
their  bases. 

Rivers. — Housatonic,  Connecticut,  Pawtucket,  Charles, 
Merrimack,  &c. 

Productions. — Indian  corn,  wheat,  rye,  oats  barley,  peas, 
beans,  flaxseed,  &c. 

To  was.  —Boston,  the  capital;  Salem,  Newburyport,  Low- 
ell,  Worcester,  Springfield,  Northampton,  Greenfield,  Pitts- 
field,  and  many  extensive  towns  and  villages. 

Internal  Improvements. — Middlesex  Canal,  extends  from 
Boston  to  Chelmsford.  Length  27  miles.  Pawtucket  Ca 
nal,  in  the  town  of  Lowell,  is  used  both  for  navigation  and 
for  manufacturing  purposes,  length  li  miles.  Blackstone 
Canal,  extends  from  Providence,  R.  I.,  to  Worcester,  Mass, 
length,  45  miles.  Hampshire  and  Hampden  Canal,  see 
Connecticut.  Montague  Canal,  near  the  Montague  falls  in 
Connecticut  river,  3  miles  long.  South  Hadley  Canal, 
around  the  S.  H.  falls  in  the  Connecticut,  length  2  miles. 
Worcester  Rail  Road,  43  miles  in  length.  It  is  proposed  to 
continue  this  road  to  the  Connecticut,  and  to  construct  a 
branch  to  Milberry.  Boston  and  Providence  Rail  Road, 
length,  43  miles.  Boston  and  Lowell  Rail  Road,  length  25 
miles,  now  in  progress.  Quincy  Rail  Road,  used  for  trans 
porting  granite  from  the  quarry  in  Quiricy  to  Neponsct 
river,  length  3  miles,  branches  1  mile. 
Massacre  I,,  Ala.  (311.)  M'Minnville,  T.  (229.) 

Mathews  C.  H.,  Va.  (198.)        M'Kinstry,  S.  C.  (254.) 
Mauch  Chunk,  P.  (133.)  M'Catteums,  S.  C.  (254.) 

Maumee,  O.  (99.)  M'Gees,  Miss.  (265.) 

Maumee  R.,  O.  (98.)  M'Conns  Bluff,  Ala.  (266.) 

M'Connelsville,  O.  (151 .)          M'Clair,  Miss.  (280.) 
M'Connelstown,  P.  (154.)         M'Intoshs,  (G.)  (286.) 
M'Leansboro,  II.  ( 1 65.)  M'Intosh  C.  H.,  G.  (305.) 

M'Neilles,  N.  C.  (235.)  M'Daniels,  Lou.  (307.) 


64  MEA  MICHIGAN. 

Meadville,  P.  (102.)  Mercersburg,  P.  (154.) 
Mechanicsville,  S.  C.  (255.)      Meridianville,  Ala.  (248.) 

Medina,  O.  (100.)  Merritteville,  S.  C.  (232.) 

Medway,  Me.  (85.)  Metcalf boro,  T.  (229.) 

Meigsville,  O.  (151.)  Mexico,  Mo.  (162.) 

Memphis,  T.  (224.)  Micanopy,  F.  (329.) 

Meredith,  N.  Y.  (82.)  Miccoton,  F.  (316.) 
Mercer,  P.  (102.) 

Michigan  Territory,  (22,)  is  divided  into  40  counties,  in 
cluding  those  in  the  district  of  Huron,  or  Wisconsin.  Pop 
ulation  in  1830,  31,639.  Area,  158,975  square  miles.  Cap 
ital  and  metropolis, Detroit, _Lat. 42°  20'  N.;  Long.  60°  10' 
W.  The  executive  and  judicial  officers  are  chosen  by  the 
president  and  senate  of  the  United  States. 

Government. — Governor,  appointed  by  the  president — 
salary,  $2,000 ;  secretary,  do.  salary,  $1,000.  The  legisla 
tive  couucil  is  elected  by  the  people ;  they  continue  in  office 
two  years.  Their  present  number  is  13. 

Judiciary. — There  are  four  judges,  who  hold  courts  in 
the  several  counties — salary  of  each,  $1,200.  They  are  ap 
pointed  by  the  president  with  the  consent  of  the  senate. 

In  1820,  the  population  of  Michigan,  including  the  Hu 
ron  District,  was  8856;  in  1830,  including  the  same  dis 
trict,  it  was  31,639.  But  exclusive  of  Huron,  the  peninsula 
of  Michigan,  to  which  the  name  of  Michigan  is  commonly 
confined,  contained  in  1830,  27,378  inhabitants.  The  num 
ber  is  now  not  short  of  40,000 ;  and  is  rapidly  increasing 
by  reason  of  the  great  tide  of  emigration  which  has  been 
setting  into  that  territory  during  the  last  two  years. 

Physical  Structure. — The  southern  part  of  this  territory 
is  very  level,  or  gently  undulating.  The  northern  part  is 
more  uneven.  Along  the  shore  of  Huron  there  are,  in  pla 
ces,  very  high  bluffs ;  and  along  the  east  shore  of  Lake 
Michigan,  are  in  many  places,  immense  hills  of  pure  sand 
of  from  fifty  to  several  hundred  feet  in  height,  which  have 
been  blown  up  by  the  almost  constant  western  winds, 
sweeping  over  the  lake  and  the  sandy  margin  on  its  east. 
ern  side. 

Rivers. — Maumee,  Raisin,  Huron,  Clinton,  Black,  Sag- 


MIC  MISSISSIPPI.  65 

inaw,  Traverse,  Monistic,  White,  Maskegon,  Kallemazoo, 
St.  Josephs,  &,c. 

Productions. — Corn,  wheat,  rye,  buckwheat;  potatoes, 
and  every  variety  of  similar  vegetables,  grow  here  in  great 
abundance. 

Towns. — Detroit,  Monroe,  Frenchtown,  Erownstown, 
Pontiac,  Ann  Arbour,  Byron,  Montcahn,  Niles,  Newbury- 
port,  Saginaw,  Mackinaw,  &c. 

Michigan,  Ind.  (96.)  Milford,  P.  (108.) 

Middle  T.,  Mich.  (71.)  Milledgeville,   capital    of 
Middle  T.,  N.  J.  (134.)  Geo.  (270.) 

Middle  T.,  O.  (148.)  Millers  T.,  P.  (131.) 

Middle  T.,  O.  (149.)  Millgrove,  S.  C.  (274.) 

Middle  T.,  Pa.  (1 32.)  Millhaven,  G.  (289.) 

Middle  T  ,  K.  (166.)  Millheim,  Pa,  (131.) 

Middletown,  N.  Y.  (82.)  Mills,  Va.  (175.) 

Middle-town,  Con.  (110.)  Millvillc,  N.  J.  (158.) 

Middletown,  Va.  (154.)  Millers,  Ala.  (248.) 

Middleton,  Pa.  (128.)  Milton,  Vt.  (36.) 

Middlebury,  Vt.  (60.)  Milton,  N.  H.  (62.) 

Middleburn,  Va.  (152.)  Milton,  P.  (106.) 

Middleboro,  Mass.  (112.)  Mineral  point,  Mich.  (67.) 

Mifflin,  Pa.  (131.)  Mines,  lead,  Mo.  (184.) 

Mikasukie,  F.  (316.)  Miriam,  Ind.  (145.) 

10  Mile  river,  N.  Y.  (108.)  Mississippi  R.,  (92.) 
Milford,  D.  (178.) 

Mississippi,  state  of,  (243,)  is  divided  into  42  counties. 
Population,  1830,  136,621,  including  65,659  slaves.  Area 
47,680  square  miles.  Capital,  Jackson,  metropolis,  Natchez, 
Lat.  31°  35'  N.  Long.  14°  33'  E.  General  election,  first 
Monday  in  August.  Legislature  meets,  first  Monday  in 
November.  Constitution  Ibrmed,  1817. 

Government. — The  governor  is  elected  for  two  years — 
salary  $2,500  per  annum.  The  secretary  of  state,  treasurer, 
and  auditor  receives  each  $1,200  per  annum,  and  the  attor 
ney-general  $1000. 

The  legislative  power  is  vested  in  a  senate  and  house  of 
representatives,  styled  The  General  Assembly  of  the  state  of 
6* 


66  MISSISSIPPI. 

Mississippi.  The  members  of  the  senate  are  elected  for 
three  years,  and  the  representatives  annually.  The  num 
ber  of  the  representatives  cannot  be  less  than  37,  nor  more 
than  100,  as  soon  as  the  free  population  shall  amount  to 
80,000.  The  senate  cannot  consist  of  less  than  one  fourth, 
nor  more  than  one  third,  as  many  as  there  are  representa 
tives.  The  general  election  for  the  state  takes  place  on  the 
first  Monday  and  Tuesday  of  August.  The  General  As 
sembly  meets  (at  Jackson)  annually  on  the  first  Monday  in 
November. 

Judiciary. — The  Court  of  Chancery.  Chancellor's  sal 
ary  $2,000. 

The  supreme  court  consists  of  a  chief  justice  and  five 
associate  judges — the  salary  of  each  $2,000.  The  state  is 
divided  into  six  districts,  in  which  the  judges  of  the  su 
preme  court  severally  hold  circuit  courts.  These  courts 
have  original  jurisdiction  in  cases  where  the  sum  in  dispute 
exceeds  $50  ;  and  appellate  jurisdiction  from  the  courts  of 
justices  of  the  peace,  where  the  sum  exceeds  $20.  They 
have  also  criminal  jurisdiction.  The  county  of  Adams  has 
a  separate  criminal  court,  whose  jurisdiction  however,  does 
not  supersede  that  of  the  circuit  court. 

Every  organized  county  has  a  probate  court,  and  a  coun 
ty  court  held  by  three  judges,  of  which  the  probate  judge  is 
the  presiding  justice.  This  court  takes  cognizance  of  of 
fences  committed  by  slaves,  &c.  The  judges  hold  their 
offices  during  good  behaviour,  but  not  beyond  the  age  of  65 
years. 

Imprisonment  for  debt  is  not  allowed  in  this  state,  except 
in  cases  of  a  debtor  who  fraudulently  withholds  his  property 
from  his  creditors. 

Physical  Structure. — Along  the  Mississippi  river,  at  va 
rious  distances,  there  is  a  line  of  bluffs,  of  from  50  to  150 
feet  in  height.  The  portions  which  are  contiguous  to  the 
river,  are  called  by  different  names,  such  as  Walnut  Hills, 
Grand  Gulf-bluffs,  Natchez  Bluffs,  White  Cliffs,  and  Lof- 
tus'  Heights,  &c. 

The  country  beyond  these  bluffs  spreads  out  into  a  high, 
beautiful  and  fertile  table-land,  gently  undulating  and  pro 
ductive. 


MISSISSIPPI. MISSOURI.  67 

Beyond  the  fertile  belt  of  land,  there  stretches  from 
south  to  north,  and  reaches  eastward  to  the  Alabama  line, 
an  extensive  district  of  country,  of  various  soils,  but  pos 
sessing  much  that  is  alluvial  and  fertile. 

The  southern,  middle,  and  northern  parts  of  this  state, 
may  be  said  to  be  beautifully  undulating,  with  numerous 
ravines  and  streams. 

In  its  natural  state,  in  which  almost  the  entire  state  still 
is,  it  was  covered  with  a  vast  forest  of  oak,  hickory,  mag- 
nolia,  sweet  guru,  ash,  maple,  yellow  poplar  ;  cypress  in  the 
swampy  alluvial  Mississippi  bottoms,  pine,  holly,  &,c.  &c., 
with  a  great  variety  of  underwood,  grape  vines,  pawpaw, 
spice  wood,  &c. 

Rivers. — Mississippi,  Yazno,  Tombeckbee,  Yellowbusha, 
Buffalo,  Big  Black,  Bayou  Pierre,  Homochitte,  Amite, 
Pearl,  Pascagoula,  &c. 

Productions. — Cotton,  tobacco,  corn,  sugar,  the  orange, 
fig,  and  fruits  are  abundant. 

Towns. — Jackson,  the  capital,  Natchez,  Monticello,  Port 
Gibson,  Shieldsboro,  Greenville,  Winchester,  Washington, 
Vicksburg,  Warrenton,  &c. 

Internal  Improvement. — St.  Francisville  and  Woodville 
Rail  Road,  26  miles  in  length.  Vicksburg  and  Clinton 
Rail  Road,  length  37  miles  (proposed.) 

Missisinevva,  Ind.  (123.) 

Missouri,  state  of,  (115),  is  divided  into  54  counties,  and 
had,  in  1830  a  population  of  140,455,  including  25,091 
slaves.  Area,  65,500  square  miles;  capital,  Jefferson; 
metropolis,  St.  Louis;  lat.  38°  37'  N.,  long.  13°  J4'  E.; 
general  election,  first  Monday  in  August,  biennially; 
legislature  meet,  first  Monday  in  November,  every  second 
year  ;  constitution  formed,  1820. 

Government. — Governor,  term  of  office  four  years — 
salary  $1,500  per  annum.  Lieutenant  governor  is  presi 
dent  of  the  senate. 

Legislature.— The  legislative  power  is  vested  in  a  Gene- 
ral  Assembly,  consisting  of  a  senate  and  a  house  of  repre 
sentatives.  The  members  of  the  former  body  are  elected 


68  MISSOURI. 

for  four  years ;  the  members  of  the  latter,  for  two  years. 
Every  county  is  entitled  to  one  representative ;  but  the 
whole  number  can  never  exceed  100  members.  The 
senators  are  chosen  by  districts.  The  constitutional  num 
ber  is  not  less  than  14  nor  more  than  33.  The  present 
number  of  senators  is  18  and  of  representatives  49. 

The  elections  for  senators  and  representatives  are  held 
biennially,  and  for  governor,  and  lieutenant  governor,  once 
in  four  years,  on  the  first  Monday  in  August. 

The  legislature  meets  every  second  year  (at  the  city  of 
Jefferson,)  on  the  first  Monday  in  November. 

Judiciary. — The  judicial  power  is  vested  in  a  supreme 
court,  circuit  courts,  and  such  other  inferior  tribunals  as 
the  general  assembly  may,  from  time  to  time,  establish. 

The  judges  are  appointed  by  the  governor,  by  and  with 
the  consent  of  the  senate ;  and  they  hold  their  offices  during 
good  behaviour,  but  not  beyond  the  age  of  65  years. 

The  supreme  court  consists  of  a  presiding  judge  and 
two  associate  judges  ;  the  salary  of  each  $1,100  per  an 
num. 

There  are  five  circuit  courts  and  as  many  judges.  The 
salary  of  each  is  $1,000  per  annum. 

Physical  Structure. — The  surface  of  this  state  is  greatly 
diversified.  The  alluvial  bottoms  are  level.  In  the  middle 
part  rises  a  hilly  region,  extending  from  St.  Genevieve 
south-westward  into  Arkansas,  and  is  the  commence- 
naent  .of  the  Ozurk  Mountains  of  that  territory.  The 
northern  part  is  undulating,  but  no  where  approaching 
what  may,  with  propriety,  be  called  mountainous.  Ex 
tensive  prairies  stretch  out  in  the  western  and  northern 
parts  of  this  state.  Even  the  St.  Genevieve  hills  are 
marked  with  this  character,  and  have  the  appearance,  in 
places,  of  extensive  uncultivated  fields.  The  mine  region, 
which  lies  about  70  milts  south  west  of  St.  Louis,  is  hilly, 
and  a  considerable  portion  of  the  state  lying  south  of  the 
Missouri  and  Osage  rivers,  is  of  the  same  character,  and 
is  in  many  places,  marked  with  flint  knobs  of  considerable 
elevation.  The  country  between  the  Mississippi  and  Mis 
souri  rivers  is  delightfully  undulating  and  variagated.  The 


MISSOURI. MOBILE. 


09 


prairies,  which  are  of  variable  widths,  are  generally  fertile' 
The  Mississippi  is  skirted  with  many  rich  alluvial  prairies, 
as  well  as  extensive  tracts  of  heavily  timbered  land. 

Rivers.—  Mississippi,  Missouri,  Osagc,  Meramcc,  St. 
Francis,  White,  &e. 

Towns. — Jefferson,  the  capital ;  St.  Louis,  New  Madrid, 
Perryville,  St.  Genevieve,  Alexandria,  New  London,  Pal- 
inyra,  Hannibal,  Wyaconda,  St.  Charles,  Florissant,  Frank 
lin,  Boonevillc,  Chariton,  &c. 

Productions. — Corn,  wheat,  rye,  barley,  buckwheat,  to- 
bacco,  hemp,  cotton,  and  garden  vegetables  in  great  variety. 
The  forests  consist  of  the  oak,  black  and  white  walnut, 
yellow  poplar,  ash,  elm,  hackberry,  hickory,  sugar-tree, 
cypress,  yellow  pine,  cedar,  &/c. 

Missouri  R.,  (139.)  Missouri,  (163.) 

Missouriton,  (139.) 

r  Mobile,  Ala.  (311,)  the  seat  of  justice  for  Mobile  county, 
has  a  population  of  about  4,000 ;  several  handsome  churches, 
cathedral,  &c.,  and  is  a  place  of  considerable  trade. 

ROUTES  FROM  MOBILE. 


To  Neio  Orleans.              Leakesville, 

11  59 

Springhill,  by  stage,             6 



Portcrsville,                  24  30 

To  Tuscaloosa, 

by  Stage. 

(Thence  to  New  Orleans 

Florida, 

31 

by  steam  boat  and  rail 

Dumfries, 

15     46 

road,  123  miles.) 

St.  Stephens, 

24    70 



Clarksville, 

14    84 

To  Montgomery,  by   Stage. 

Chocktawcorner, 

28  112 

Taitsville,                            35 

Whitehall, 

40  152 

Burnt  Corn,               52     87 

Greensboro, 

25  177 

Fort  Dale,                   45  132 

Tuscaloosa, 

31  208 

Montgomery,             48  180 





To   Tuscaloosa, 

by  Steam 

To  Leakesville,  by  Stage. 

Boat. 

Escatappa  R.,                     28 

Fort  Stoddart, 

47 

Chickasawhay  R.,       20  48    Dumfries, 

15     62 

70 


MONTREAL. 


St.  Stephens, 

31     93 

Washington,               16  29  1 

Coffeeville, 

18  111 

Montgomery,             10  301 

Demopolis, 

87  198 



Erie, 

30  228 

To  Pensacola,  by  Steam 

Tuscaloosa, 

57  285 

Boat. 



Dog  R.,                               10 

To  Montgomery,  by 

Steam 

Fowl  R.,                         6  16 

Boat. 

Fort  Bowyer,               18  34 

Tombeckbe  R., 

51 

Perdido  R.,                   30  64 

Fort  Miinms, 

8    59 

Barancas,                      15  79 

Claiborne, 

45  104 

Pensacola,                    10  89 

Black  Bluff, 

26  130 



Canton, 

50  180 

To  Pensacola,  by  Stage,  Sfc. 

Portland, 

14  194 

Blakely,  by  Steam  B.        11 

Cahawba, 

22  216 

Bellefontaine,  by 

Selma, 

15  231 

Stage,                        26  37 

Vernon, 

44  275    Pensacola,                     37  74 

Mobile  Bay,  Ala.  (31 1 .) 
Mobile  Pt.,  Ala.  (312.) 
Mohawk  Indians,  L.  C.  (32.) 
Monks  Corner,  N.  C.  (273.) 
Monroe,  Mich.  (99.) 
Monroe,  O.  (100.) 
Monroe,  G.  (-270.) 
Monroe,  T.  (209.) 
Montaug  Pt,  N.  Y.(lll.) 
Montcalm,  Mich.  (72.) 
Montezuma,  N.  Y.  (57.) 
Montezuma,  Ala.  (300.) 
Montcvalo,  Ala.  (267.) 


Montgomery,  N.  Y.  (108.) 
Montgomery,  T.  (210.) 
Montgomery,  Ala.  (284.) 
Monticello,  N.  Y.  (108.) 
Monticello,  K.  (210.) 
Monticello,  G.  (270.) 
Monticello,  Miss.  (296.) 
Monticello,  Ala.  (301.) 
Monticello,  F.  (316.) 
Montpelier,  capital  of  Ver 
mont,  (37.) 
Montpelier,  Ala.  (312.) 


Montreal,  L.  C.  (15,)  the  most  populous  city  in  British 
America  ;  by  the  census  of  1825  it  contained  24,787  in 
habitants,  this  number  has  greatly  increased  since  that 
time,  and  now  probably  amounts  to  30,000.  The  chief 
objects  of  interest  in  and  about  Montreal,  are  "the  moun 
tain,"  new  cathedral,  catholic  college,  the  barracks,  hospital, 
baths,  &c.,  in  St.  Paul's  street,  masonic  hall,  theatre,  Nel- 


MONTREAL. 


71 


son's  monument,  convents,  seminary  of  St.  Sulpice  and  seve 
ral  churches,  public  walks,  &c.  (See  map  of  Montreal.) 

ROUTES  FROM  MONTREAL. 


To  Quebec   by  Steam  Boat, 

To  Boston,  by  Stage,  via 

(the  distances  by  land  are 

Burlington, 

Vt. 

nearly  the.  same.) 

St.  Johns, 

25 

St.  Sulpice  by  Stage,         27 

Phillipsburg, 

23     48 

La  Valtrie,                   5     32 

St.  Albans, 

16     64 

La  Noraye,                 10     42 

Milton, 

13     77 

William  Henry,         11     53 

Burlington, 

12    89 

Three  Rivers,            43     96 

Richmond, 

14  103 

Gentilly,                      14  110 

Montpelier, 

26  129 

St.  Anne,                     15  125 

Chelsea, 

24  153 

Pt.  aux  Trembles,      38  163 

Dartmouth   Col. 

25  178 

Quebec,                      17  180 

Shaker's  Vil. 

11  189 



Andover, 

22  211 

To  Albany  by  Steam  Boat. 

Concord,  N.  H. 

24  235 

and  Stage. 

Hook  set  Falls, 

8  243 

La  Prairie,  by  Stage,          8 

Londonderry, 

19  262 

f  St.  Johns,            17     25 

Andover, 

20  282 

I  Isle  au  Noix,        9     34 

Boston, 

21  303 

Chazy,                 15     49 



~    1  Plattsburg,         14     63 

To  the  Falls  of  Niagara,  by 

o    |  S.  Hero,                8     71 

Steam  Boat, 

Sfc. 

*>  Burlington,          9     80 

La  Chine, 

8 

1      Essex,                15    95 

Cascades, 

16    24 

~      Bason  Harbor,     9  104 

Les  Cedres, 

7    31 

Crown  Pt.           12  116 

Coteau  du  Lac, 

7    38 

Ticonderoga,      14  130 

Lake  St.  Francis, 

4    42 

Whitehall,          23  153 

Head  of  ditto. 

22     64 

f  Fort  Ann,           14  167 

Cornwall, 

6    70 

Sandy  Hill,           9  176 

Long  Saut  I. 

10    80 

gj  Fort  Miller,        11  187 

Chrysler's  field, 

17    97 

3  ]  Still  water,           18  205 

Hamilton, 

1     98 

w      Troy,                   14  219 

Prescot, 

18  116 

.Albany,                 6  225 

Elizabethtown, 

14  130 



Kingston, 

48  178 

Oswego, 

59  236 

MON 


NAS 


Coburg, 
Port  Hope, 
Toronto  (York), 


74  310 
36  346 
66  412 


Niagara  Vil. 
Queenston, 
Falls  of  Niagara, 


30  442 
7  449 
6  455 


Montrose,  Pa.  (K  7.) 
Morristown,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Mooneys,  Ark.  (243.) 
Moore,  N.  C.  (256.) 
Moorfield,  O.  (127.) 
Moorfields,  Va.  (153.) 
Moosehead  Lake,  Me.  (19.) 
Moscow,  Mo.  (162.) 
Moosetocrnaguntic  Lake. 

Me.  (39.) 

Moundville,  Mich.  (44.) 
Mount  Holly,  N.  J.  (158.) 
Mount  Jolict,  II.  (94.) 
M'Coy,  Mich.  (48.) 
Mt.  Clemen,  Mich.  (74.) 
Mt.  Desert,  Id.  Me.  (41.) 
Mt.  Maria,  Pa.  (107.) 
Mt.  Pleasant,  K.  (211.) 
Mt.  Oarmel,  II.  (166.) 
Mt.  Sterling,  K.  (170.) 
Mt.  Salus,  Miss.  (280.) 
Mt.Vcrnon,  Me.  (39.) 
Mt.  Vernon,  O.  (126.) 
Mt.  Vernon,  11.  (165.) 


Mt.  Vernon,  Va.  ( 176.) 
Mt.  Vernon,  K.  (190.) 
Moscow,  Mo.  (163.) 
Mullins  Ford,  G.  (251.) 
Munfbrdsville,  K.  (189.) 
Monroe,  Lou.  (278.) 
Munrows,  N.  C.  (235.) 
Munsee,  T.,  In.  (123.) 
Murfrcesboro,  T.  (228.) 
Murcellas,G.  (305.) 
Murphy,  N.  C.  (215.) 
IVIuskingum  R.,  O.  (127.) 
Miamisport,  Intl.  (123.) 
Miami  K,  O.  (148.) 
Maysville,  K.  (170.) 
Maysville,Va.  (196.) 
Morgan,  N.  C.  (256.) 
Morganfield,  K.  (187.) 
Morgantown,  Va.  (152.) 
Morgantown,  K.  (188.) 
Morganton,  N.  C.  (233.) 
Morganville,  Va.  (196.) 
Moulton,  Ala.  (247.) 


N. 


Nacogdoches,  (292.) 
Nantucket,  Mass.  (112.) 
Nantucket  I.,  Mass.  (112) 
Natches,  Miss.  (295.) 


Natchitoches,  Lou.  (293) 
Natural  Bridge,  Va.  (195.) 
Natural  Bridge,  Va.  (212.) 
Natural  Bridge,  F.  (314.) 


Nashville,  T.  (208.)  The  capital  and  most  important 
town  in  Tennessee,  was  founded  in  1784,  and  is  a  remark 
ably  beautiful  city.  Population  about  8,000.  The  public 
buildings  arc  :  a  court-house,  market-house,  college,  aca 
demy,  baptist,  presbyterian  and  episcopalian  churches, 


NASHVILLE. 


73 


penitentiary,  water-works,  by  which  the  city  is  supplied 
with  water  from  the  Cumberland,  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  NASHVILLE. 


To  Florence,  AL.  by  Stage. 

TJ  Lexington,  K.  by  Stage. 

Franklin,                             18 

Haysboro,                              6 

Coliiinbm,                   23     41 

Franklin,  K.               23     35 

Mt.  Pleasant,              11     52 

Bowlinggreen,           22     57 

Lawrenceburg,          22     74 

Monroe,                       51   108 

Florence,                     41  115 

New  Mirket,             31  133 



Harrodsburg,              34  \T\ 

To  Memphis,  by  Stage. 

Lexington,                 29  202 

Charlotte,                            3'J 



Reynoldsburg,            39     78 

To  New  Orleans,  by  Steam 

Huntingdon,               2D   107 

Boat. 

Jackson,                      38  145 

Hillsboro,                           20 

Bolivar,                        28  173 

Clarkesville,              49       69 

Sommerville,              24  197 

Palmyra,                     6       75 

Memphis,                   43  240 

Dover,                       32     107 



Eddyville,                55     162 

To  Knozville,  by  Stage. 

Ohio  River,             41     203 

Lebanon,                             28 

America,                  47     250 

Alexandria,                18     46 

Memphis,               225     475 

Liberty,                         8     54 

Vicksburg,             456     !)3l 

Sjarta,                         32     86 

Natchez,                  103  1034 

Crab  Orchard,            38  124 

New  Orleans          304  1338 

Kingston,                   23  141 



Loveville,                    23  167 

To  Louisville,  by  Steam 

Knoxville,                   14  181 

Boat. 



Ohio  River,  as  above,      203 

To  Huntsvitle,  bij  Stage. 

Rock  Haven,              34  237 

Nolensville,                         17 

Shawneetown,           27  264 

Gidecmville,                21     38 

Carthage,                    19  283 

Farmiugton,               12     50 

Mt.  Vernon,               12  2J5 

Fayetteville,               27     77 

Henderson  ville,           27  317 

Haz3l  Green,              17     94 

Rock  port,                    5i  371 

Huntsville,                 12  106 

Laavenworth,             88  457 

Louisville,                  59  516 

74 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


New  Orleans  and  Lake 
Pontchartrain  Canal,  see 
Louisiana,  (309.) 

New  Orleans  and  Pontchar- 
train  Rail  Road,  see  Lou 
isiana,  (309.) 

North  West  Canal,  see  N. 
Carolina,  (218.) 

Newcastle  and  Frenchtown, 
Rail  Road,  see  Delaware, 
(157.) 

New  Jersey  Rail  Road,  see 
New  Jersey,  (,134.) 

Nash  C.  H.,N.C.  (236.) 

Nashua,  N.  H.  (85.) 

Nauyaucau,  Ala.  (268.) 

Nelson,  K.  (169.) 

Nelson's  Ferry,  S.  C.  (273.) 

Neuson,  S.  C.  (255.) 


Neuse  River,  N.  C.  (236.) 
New  Alexandria,  P.  (129.) 
Newark,  O.  (126.) 
Newark,  N.  J.  (134.) 
New  Berlin,  Pa.  (131.) 
New  Berlin,  N.  Y.  (81.) 
New  Bedford  Mass.  (112.) 
Newberne,  N.  C.  (237.) 
New  berry,  S.  C,  (253.) 
Newburn,  Va,  (194.) 
Newburg,  N.  Y.  (108.) 
Ncwburyport,  Mass.  (86) 
Newburyport,  Mieh.  (70.) 
New  CaslIe,Pa.  (102.) 
NewCastle,  Ind.  (147.) 
New  Castle,  K.  ( 1 68.) 
New  Castle,  D.  (157.) 
New  Columbia,  Miss.  (297.) 
Newcomers  O.  (127.) 


N.  Geneva,  Pa.  (153.) 
New  Hampshire  (62,)  is  divided  into  eight  counties. 
Population,  in  1830,  269,533.  Area,  9,200  square  miles. 
Capital,  Concord.  Metropolis,  Portsmouth,  lat.  43°  04'  N. 
long.  6°  11'  E.  General  election,  second  Wednesday  in 
March.  Legislature  meet,  first  Wednesday  in  June.  Con- 
stitution  formed,  1792. 

Government. — Governor,  salary,  $1,200.  Five  counsel 
lors,  all  elected  annual! v.  The  legislative  power  is  vested 
in  a  senate  and  house  of  representatives,  called,  jointly,  The 
General  Court.  The  members  of  both  are  elected  annually 
by  the  people,  on  the  second  Tuesday  in  March. 

Judiciary. — Supreme  court,  consists  of  one  chief  justice, 
salary  $1400,  and  two  associate  judges,  $1200  each.  Court 
of  common  pleas,  chief  justice  $1200,  and  associates  $1000 
each. 

Physical  Structure. — Within  twenty  or  twenty-five 
miles  of  the  coast,  the  land  is  nearly  level.  In  the  central 
part  of  the  state  it  becomes  hilly,  with  an  occasional  moun 
tain  peak  or  spur,  from  the  elevated  region  in  the  north. 
All  above  is  mountainous,  having  the  White  Hills,  Moose- 


NEW    HAVEN.  «} 

hillock,  Monadnuc,  Kearsarge,  Sunapee,  Ossipee,  and  other 
mountains,  which  impart  to  the  entire  north  half  of  the 
state,  a  rugged  and  broken  aspect. 

Rivers. — Connecticut,  Merrimac,  Androscoggin,  Saco, 
Piscataqua,  &c. 

Towns. — Concord,  Portsmouth,  Piscataqua,  Exeter,  Do 
ver,  Meredith,  Amherst,  Keene,  Charleston,  Claremont, 
Haverhill,  Plymouth,  Lebanon,  &c. 

Productions. — Wheat,  rye,  corn,  oats,  barley,  flax,  slock, 
provisions,  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Bow  Canal,  near  Concord, 
around  Bow  falls,  three  quarters  of  a  rnile  long.  Hookset 
Canal,  at  the  Hookset  fall  of  Merriinac,  825  feet  in  length. 
Amoskeig  Canal,  at  the  falls  of  Amoskeigin  the  Merrirnac. 
Union  Canal,  passes  seven  falls  in  the  Merriinac;  length, 
including  pools,  nine  miles. 

New  Haven,  O.  (100.) 

New  Haven,  C.  (110,)  one  of  the  capitals  of  the  state  of 
Connecticut.  Population,  10,180.  On  a  large  open  square 
in  the  centre  of  the  town,  stands  the  public  buildings,  state- 
house,  Yale  college,  and  several  very  handsome  churches. 
The  other  places  worthy  of  attention,  are,  the  observatory, 
museum,  alms-house,  and  various  factories,  and  the  ceme 
tery. 

ROUTES  FROM  NEW  HAVEN. 


To  New  York  by 

Stage. 

To  New   York  by  Steam 

Milford, 

11 

Boat. 

Stratford, 

5 

16 

Black  Rock, 

23 

Black  Rock, 

6 

22 

Southport 

5 

28 

South  port, 

5 

27 

Oldwell, 

8 

36 

Saugatuck, 

4 

31 

Stamford  Harb. 

8 

44 

Norwalk, 

4 

35 

West  Greenwich, 

8 

52 

Stamford, 

9 

44 

New  York, 

35 

87 

West  Greenwich, 

7 

51 

._.  . 

Rye, 

4 

55 

To  Providence,  by 

Steam 

Mamaronec, 

6 

61 

Boat. 

W.  Chester, 

8 

69 

Faulkners  Island, 

16 

New  York, 

15 

84  1  Connecticut  River, 

1!) 

35 

_  — 

New  London  Harb. 

14 

49 

76 


NEW  HAVEN. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


(thence  to  N. 

London 

To  Hartford, 

by  Stage. 

4  miles.) 

North  Haven, 

5 

Point  Judith, 

35     84     Wallingford, 

9     14 

Newport, 

14     its     Meriden, 

4     18 

Pawtuxet, 

20  118     Worthington, 

6    24 

Providence, 

5  123     Newinglon, 

6    cO 

Ilartibrd, 

6     36 

To  Danbury,  by  Stage. 


Derby, 

10 

To  Hartford  via 

Middle. 

Housatonic  Ferry 
New  Strafford, 

,       3 
4 

13 
17 

town. 
North  ford, 

10 

Newton, 

8 

25     Durham, 

8     18 

Danbury, 

9 

34 

Middlctown, 

7     25 



Stepney, 

8    33 

To  Granby,  by 

Canal. 

Hartford, 

8    41 

East  Plains, 

6 



Hamden, 

2 

8 

To  Newport,  by 

Stage. 

Cheshire, 

8 

16 

Bran  ford, 

8 

Southinglon, 

6 

22 

Guilford, 

10     18 

Farmington, 

11 

33 

E.  Guilford, 

4    22 

Northington, 

7 

40 

VVestbrook, 

9     31 

Sirnshury, 

7 

47 

Connecticut  R., 

6    37 

Granby, 

5 

52 

New  London, 

17    54 



Mystic, 

8     62 

Newport, 

39  101 

New  Hope,  Pa.  (134.) 
New  Ipswich,  N.  H.  (85.) 


Ncwlnlet,  N.C.  (239.) 
New  Iberia,  Lou.  (322.) 


New  Jersey,  state  of,  (134,)  is  divided  into  14  counties. 
Population  in  1830,  220,779,  including 2,446  slaves.  Area, 
7,500  square  miles.  Capital  Trenton  ;  rnetropoiis,  New 
ark,  bt.  40°  44'  N.  long.  2°  45'  E.  General  election,  se 
cond  Tuesday  in  October.  Legislature  meets,  fourth 
Tuesday  in  October.  Constitution  formed,  1776. 

Government. — Governor,  chosen  annually,  by  a  joint  vote 
of  the  council  and  assembly  ;  salary  $2,0(10  per  annum  ;  he 
is  president  of  the  council.  The  governor,  in  conjunction 
with  the  council,  form  a  court  of  appeals.  Legislature  is 
composed  of  a  legislative  council,  consisting  of  14  members, 


NEW   JERSEY.  77 

and  general  assembly  50  members  ;  the  members  of  both 
houses  are  elected  annually. 

Judiciary. — Supreme  court,  eomposed  of  a  chief  justice, 
salary  $1iJOO  per  annum,  and  two  associate  judges,  $1,100 
per  annum  each.  The  judges  are  appointed  by  the  legisla 
ture  ;  those  of  the  supreme  court  for  a  term  of  seven  years, 
and  those  of  the  inferior  courts  for  five  years. 

Physical  Structure. — All  that  part  of  the  state  which  lies 
south  of  a  line  extending  from  Bordentown  to  Amboy,  is 
level,  partly  composed  of  sea-sand,  which  is  entirely  desti 
tute  of  vegetation.  Immediately  north  of  this  line,  an  im 
provement  in  the  surface  and  general  character  of  the  soil 
becomes  visible;  hills  appear  in  rapid  succession,  forming 
steps  up  to  the  elevated  region  in  Morris  and  Sussex  coun 
ties.  These,  and  the  adjoining  counties,  are  much  broken 
by  the  ridges  of  the  Allegheny  mountains,  which  intersect 
this  part  of  the  state,  ranging  in  a  direction  from  north-east 
to  south-west. 

Rivers. — Delaware,  Hudson,  Passaic,  Raritan,  Millstone, 
Hackensack,  Schencks,  G.  Egg  Harbor,  L.  Egg  Harbor, 
Maurice,  Rancocus,  .Musconecung,  Pawling?,  &c. 

Productions. — Wheat,  rye,  corn,  buckwheat,  &c. 

Towns. — Newark,  Patcrson,  New  Brunswick,  Trenton., 
Elizabethtown,  Belvedere,  Bridgetown,  Salem,  Camden, 
Mount  Holly,  Perth  Amboy,  Morristown,  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Delaware  and  Raritan  Canal, 
commences  at  Bordentown,  and  extends  through  Trenton, 
and  along  the  valleys  of  the  Millstone  and  Raritan,  to  New 
Brunswick.  Length  43  miles.  A  navigable  feeder,  24 
miles  long,  has  been  constructed  along  the  east  ban-k  of  tho 
Delaware,  intersecting  the  renin  trunk  in  the  city  of  Tren 
ton. — Morris  Canal,  commences  at  Jersey  City,  opposite 
New  York,  and  terminates  on  the  Delaware  at  Phillips- 
burg,  opposite  Easton.  Length  101  miles. — Salem  Canal, 
extends  from  Salem  creek  to  the  Delaware.  Length  four 
miles. — Manasquam  and  Bnrnegat  Canal  (proposed). — 
Washington  Canal,  cuts  off  a  considerable  bend  in  Mano- 
lapan  creek,  and  lessens  the  distance  from  Washington  to 
the  Raritan  river.  Length  one  mile. — Camden  and  Am 
boy  Rail  Road,  commences  at  Camden,  opposite  Philudel- 


78 


NEW  ORLEANS. 


phia,  and  terminates  at  South  Amboy.  Length  61  miles. 
— Paterson  and  Hudson  River  Roil  Rood,  from  Jersey 
city  opposite  New  York  to  Paterson,  on  the  Passiac.  Length 
36  30-100  miles.  It  is  proposed  to  extend  this  road  to  the 
Morris  canal.  New  Jersey  Rail  Road,  commences  on  the 
last  mentioned  rail  road,  about  two  miles  from  Jersey  City 
and  terminates  at  New  Brunswick,  length  28  miles. 


New  Milford,  Con.  (109.) 
Newmarket,  Va.  (175.) 
New  Madrid,  Mo.  (205.) 
New  Mexico,  Miss.  (279.) 
New  Portland,  M.  (39.) 
New  Richmond,  O.  (150.) 


New  Echota,  G.  (249.) 
New  London,  Con.  (110.) 
New  London,  Mo.  (141.) 
New  Lexington,  Ind.  (1G8.) 
New  Lisbon,  O.  (128.) 
New  Lebanon,  N.  C.  (218.) 

New  Orleans,  L.  (324.)  The  great  commercial  emporcum 
of  the  Mississippi  valley,  was  founded  in  1719,  and  has 
about  60,000  inhabitants.  The  chief  objects  of  interest 
are  the  cathedral  in  Charlrcs  street,  College  in  St.  Cloude 
street,  Ursuline  Convent  in  Ursuline  street,  Orleans  theatre 
St.  Anne  street,  theatre  of  St.  Philip  in  St.  Philip  street, 
city  hall  Conde  street,  churches,  almshouse,  &c.  Five 
miles  below  the  centre  of  the  city  is  the  ground,  rendered 
memorable  by  the  battle  of  the  8th  of  January,  1815. 

ROUTES  FROM  NEW  ORLEANS. 


To  Louisville  by  Steam  Boat. 

St.  Francisville 

Arnauds  Point,                  13 

and  Pt.  Coupee, 

10  159 

Red  Church,                 9     22 

Tunica, 

27  186 

Destretchens  Pt.        12     34 

Red  River, 

22  208 

Bonnet  Q.  Bend,          2     36 

Fort  Adams, 

9  217 

B.  Quarre  Church,      5     41 

Homochitto  R. 

10  227 

Cantrels     Do.             19     60 

White  Cliffs, 

27  254 

Bringiers,                     8     68 

Natchez, 

17  271 

Hamptons,                   5     73 

Coles  Creek, 

22  293 

Donaldsonville             5     78 

Rodney, 

19  312 

St.  Gabriels,               24  102 

Bruinsburg, 

4  316 

Plaquemine                  6  108 

Chitteloosa  and 

Baton  Rogue,            18  126 

Big  Black  River, 

14  330 

Thomas  Pt.                 11  137 

Pt.  Pleasant, 

10  340 

Thompsons  Cr.          12  149 

Palmyra, 

13  353 

ROUTES  FROM  NEW  ORLEANS. 


79 


Warrenton,              14     367 

Leaven  worth,           33  1233 

Vicksburg,               10     377 

Northampton,           17  1250 

Yazoo  River,           12     389 

Louisville,                42  1292 

Tornpkins,                32     421 

(For   continuation  to  Cin 

Providence,               26     447 

cinnati,  Pittsburg,   &c. 

Princeton,                   8     455 

see  "  Louisville.") 

Old  River,                48     503 



Pt.  Chicot,               12    515 

To  St.  Louis,  by  Steam 

Arkansas  River,       59     574 

Beat 

White  R.                   9     583 

Mouth  of  Ohio,  as  above,  921 

Helena,                     GO     643 

Tyawappita  B.         29     950 

St.  Francis  I.           14     657 

Cape  Girardeau,      13     963 

35°  N.  Lat.              48    705 

Bainbridjre,               9     972 

Noncona  R.              10     715 

Muddy  R.                 13     985 

Memphis,                   4     719 

Kaskaskia  R.           31  1016 

Grecnock,                 12     731 

St.  Gencvicve,          17  1033 

3rd  Chickasaw  Bluff, 

Charticr  I.                11   1044 

18     749 

Herculancum,           19  1063 

Randolph,                 12     76J 

Maramec  R.             11   1074 

Fulton,                        6     767 

Carondelet,               12  1086 

PlumPt.                   11     778 

St.  Louis,                    6  1092 

Needhams  Cut-off,  26     804 



Little  Prairie           20     824 

To  Balize  and  Gulf  of 

Kiddles  Pt.               23     847 

Mexico  by  Steam 

New  Madrid,           13     860 

Boat, 

Mills  Pt.                  28    888 

Battle  Ground,                      5 

Columbus,                16     904 

English  turn,                6     11 

Mouth  of  Ohio,        17     921 

Fort  St.  Leon,               5     16 

America,                   11     932 

Poverty  Pt.                18     34 

Tennessee  R.           36     968 

Grand  Prairie,           27     61 

Cumberland  R.        11     979 

Fort  St.  Philip,             9     70 

Rock  Cave,              41   1020 

S.  W.  Pass,                  9     79 

Shawneetown,          20  1040 

South  Pass,                   2     81 

Carthage,                   19  1059 

Pass  a'  Loutre,             2     83 

Mt.  Vernon,             12  1071 

Balize,                          4     87 

Hendersonville,        22  1093 

Gulf,  •                           5     92 

Evansville,               11   1104 



Owensburg,              35  1139 

To  Nachitoches,  ly  Steam 

Rockport,                   8  1147 

Bout. 

Stephensport,           53  1200 

Red  River,  as  above,      208 

80 


ROUTES  FROM  NEW  ORLEANS. 


Ouachita,                    36  244 

To  Natchez. 

Bayou  Saline,            20  264 

Madisonville,  by  St.  Bt.     32 

Alexandria,                 54  -318 

Liberty,  by  Stage,      69    101 

Bayou  Cane,              60  378 

Natchez,          "          50  151 

Natchitochcs,             24  402 





To  Berwick's  Bay  and 

To  Little  Rock,  by  Steam 

thence  to  Opelousas. 

Boat. 

Donaldsonville,                   78 

Arkansas  R.  as  above,     574 

Verct  Canal,               14     92 

Arkansas,                   27  601 

S.  end  Canal,                 7     99 

Harrington's,             43  644 

Lake  Palourde,          13  112 

Vaugines                    23  667 

Berwick's  Bay,          10  122 

Little  Rock,               81  748 

Franklin,                    21  143 



Fausse  Ft.                  27  170 

To  Mobile  by  Steam  Boat, 

St.  Martinsville,           8  178 

and  Stage. 

Opelousas,                  36  214 

L.  Ponchartrain,  by 



Rail  Road,                        5 

To  Nashville,  ly  Stage  via 

fPt.AuxHerbes,  15     20 

Florence,  Ala. 

Ft.  Coquilles,       7     27 

L.  Ponchartrain,                  5 

L.  Borgne,         11     38 

Madisonville,              27     32 

*>      Grand  Island,      9     47 

Covington,                    7     39 

pg      St.  Josephs  Isl.     4     51 

Jacksonville,               33     72 

-  •{  W.  Marianne,      6     57 

Columbia,                    30  102 

5      E.  Marianne,       5     6"2 

Ellisville,                   48  150 

|      Cat  Island,         10     72 

Old  Church,                47  197 

Deer  Island,       17     89 

Koomsha,                   45  242 

1  Krebsville,  Har.18  107 

Columbus,                  68  310 

L  Portersville,        16  1^3 

Pikeville,                    64  374 

Mobile,  by  stage,       30  153 

Russelville,                30  404 



Florence,                     22  426 

To  St.  Stephens,  by  Stage 
Madisonville,                      32 

Lawrenceburg,           41   467 
Mt.  Pleasant,             22  489 

Jacksonville,               40     72 

Columbia,                   11  500 

Leakesville                 66  138 

Franklin,                     23  523 

Chickasawhay  R.      17  155 

Nashville,                   18  541 

St.  Stephens,              24  179 

N.  Philadelphia,  O.  (127.)        Newport,  N.  Y.  (55.) 


NEW    YORK.  81 

Newport,  N.  H.  (61.)  Ncwtown,  Mich.  (48.) 

Newport,  Ind.  (145.)  Newtoxvn,  N.  Y.  (80.) 

Newport,  R.  I.  (111.)  Newtown,  N.  J.  il08.) 

Newport,  Mo.  (162.)  Ncwtown,  11.  (143.) 

Newport, O.  (151.)  Newville,  P.  ( l3l.) 

Newport,  T.  (231.)  New  York,  Va.  (175.) 
N.  Paltz,  N.  Y.  (108.) 

New  York,  state  of,  (78),  is  divided  into  56  counties. 
Population  in  1830,  1,913,508,  including  46  slaves.  Area, 
4!),000  square  miles.  Capital  Albany  ;  metropolis,  New 
York  ;  lat.  40°  43'  N.  long.  2°  55'  E. ;  general  election  at 
such  time  in  October  or  November,  as  the  legislature 
may  provide.  Legislature  meet,  first  Tuesday  in  January  ; 
Constitution  formed,  1821. 

Government. — Governor,  term  of  office  two  years,  salary, 
$4,000.  Lieutenant-governor  and  president  of  the  senate, 
pay  $6  a  day  during  the  session.  Legislature — senate  con 
sisting  of  32  members,  who  are  elected  for  four  years,  one- 
fourth  being  chosen  annually.  House  of  representatives, 
consists  of  1C28  members,  elected  annually. 

Judiciary. — Court  of  chancery,  one  chancellor,  $2000 
per  annum  ;  register,  &c.  The  eight  circuit  judges  are  vice- 
chancellors  for  their  respective  circuits.  Supreme  court — 
chief  justice,  $2,000  a  year,  and  two  associate  judges,  each 
$2,000  per  annum.  There  are  eight  circuit  courts,  with 
eight  judges,  salary  of  each,  Si, 250.  Superior  court  of  the 
city  of  New  York,  chief  justice  and  two  associate  judges, 
pay  of  each,  $2,500  per  annum. 

P-liysicfjl  Structure. — The  eastern  part  of  the  state  is 
greatly  diversified  ;  the  Allegheny  mountains  pass  through 
this  section  about  70  miles  above  the  city  of  New  York, 
cross  the  Hudson  below  Newburg,  and  pass  in  a  north-east 
direction  into  the  state  of  Massachusetts.  Somewhat  farther 
north,  the  Catskill  mountains  may  be  seen  in  the  distance  ; 
these  are  the  most  elevated  mountains  in  the  state.  There 
are  mountains  of  great  elevation  west  of  Lake  Champlain, 
some  of  which  are  3,000  feet  above  the  lake.  The  western 
part  of  the  state  is  merely  undulating,  being  entirely  des- 
titute  of  such  mountains  as  mark  its  eastern  section. 


82  NEW  YOKK. 

Rivers, — Hudson,  St.  Lawrence,  Mohawk,  Delaware, 
Susquehanna,  Allegheny,  Genesee,  Oswego,  Black,  Os- 
wegatchis,  Raquette,  Saranac,  &,c. 

Productions. — Wheat,  corn,  rye,  oats,  flax,  hemp,  several 
kinds  of  grasses,  vegetable  and  fruit.  Iron  is  found  in 
great  abundance  ;  gypsum,  limestone,  marble,  slate,  and  lead 
occur  in  many  places.  In  the  centre  of  the  state,  salt  is 
made  in  immense  quantities.  The  mineral  springs  of 
New  York  are  well  known,  the  chief  of  which,  those  at 
Saratoga,  are  resorted  to  by  people  from  all  quarters. 

Cities  and  Towns. — New  York,  (city) ;  Albany,  the 
capital ;  Troy,  Ulica,  Rochester,  Buffalo,  Schenectady,  Hud 
son,  Newburg,  Poughkeepsie,  Catskill,  together  with  a 
large  number  of  incorporated  villages,  and  others  not  incor 
porated,  having  names  different  from  their  respective  town- 
ships. 

Internal  Improvements. — Erie  Canal,  from  Albany  to 
Buffalo,  length  363  miles. — Champlain  Canal,  from  the 
Erie  canal  to  Whitehall,  length  72  miles. — Hudson  and 
Delaware  Canal,  from  Hudson  river  near  Kingston,  to  the 
mouth  of  the  Laxawaxen,  length  82J  miles. — Oswego 
Canal,  from  Salina  to  Oswego,  length  38  miles. — Seneca 
Canal,  from  Montezuma  to  Geneva  length  20  miles. — 
Chemung  Canal,  from  Elmira  to  Seneca  Lake,  length 
31  miles. — Crooked  Lake  Canal,  from  the  Penyan  to 
Seneca  Lake  7  miles. —  Tonnewanta  Canal,  from  the  Erie 
Canal  near  Wrightsville,  to  Tonnawanta  creek,  length  13 
miles. — Harlaem  Canal  on  Manhattan  Island,  from  the 
Hudson  to  East  river,  lengtii  lg  miles. 

Proposed  Canals. — Chenango  Canal,  from  Binghampton 
to  Erie  Canal,  length  93  miles. — Black  River  Canal,  from 
Rome  to  the  falls  of  Black  river,  40  miles. — Sodus  canal, 
from  Sodus  Bay  to  Seneca  River,  &c.  &c. 

Rail  Roads. — Mohawk  and  Hudson  Rail  Road,  from 
Albyny  to  Schenectady,  16  miles. — Schenectady  fy  Saratoga. 
Rail  Road,  from  Schenectady  to  Saratoga  Springs,  20 
miles. — Catskill  and  Canajoharie  Rail  Road,  from  Cats- 
kill  to  Canajoharie,  (now  in  progress,)  70  miles. — Ithaca 
and  Oicego  Rail  Road,  29  miles. — Harleam  Rail  Road 
on  Manhattan  island. — Rochester  Rail  Road,  (now  in  pro 


NEW  YORK.  83 

grass,)  from  Rochester  to  a  point  below  the  falls  of  Gene- 
see. — Sckenectady  and  Utica  Rail  Road,  (now  in  progress,} 
length,  80  miles. — Bath  Rail  Road,  irorn  Bath  to  Crooked 
Lake,  5  miles. — Rochester  and  Batatia  Rail  Raod,  (in  pro 
gress,)  28  miles. — Troy  and  Baliston  Rail  Rood,  (in  pro 
gress)  22  miles.  Several  other  rail  roads  arc  proposed  in 
various  parts  of  the  state. 

New  York  city,  (134  )  The  commercial  emporeum  of 
the  United  States  and  metropolis  of  the  state  of  New  York, 
is  situated  at  the  point  of  junction  of  the  Hudson  and  East 
rivers  ;  in  N.  lat.  40°  42'  and  E.  long.  0°  55'  30"  from 
Washington.  The  city  proper,  or  that  portion  where  the 
population  is  mostly  concentrated,  occupies  the  southern 
quarter  of  Manhattan  island,  the  whole  of  which,  including 
Harlaern,  Yorkville,  and  some  other  villages,  is  under  tha 
jurisdiction  of  the  city  corporation,  and  is  identical  with  the 
county  of  New  York.  The  city,  together  with  the  sub 
urbs  just  mentioned,  containing  in  1830  upwards  of  30,000 
buildings,  and  213,470  inhabitants.  The  population  at  this 
time  (1836)  may  be  estimated  at  278,000.  The  densely 
settled  part  of  the  island,  or  what  is  called  "  the  city,"  has 
an  outline  of  50,000  feet  or  10  miles,  nearly.  Its  princi 
pal  streets  are  Broadway,  in  which  most  of  the  retail  busi 
ness  is  transacted,  Greenwich  street,  Pearl  street,  Broad, 
Wall  and  Chatham  streets,  the  Bowery,  Maiden-Lane 
&c.  &c. 

The  public  buildings,  and  objects  of  curiosity,  are  the 
city  hull,  in  the  Park,  exchange  buildings*  in  Wall  street, 
college,  hospital,  and  Clinton  hall,  in  Broadway,  battery, 
castle  garden,  N.  Y.  Institution,  academy  of  fine  arts,  alms- 
house,  three  theatres,  medical  college,  baths,  rooms  of  the 
National  Academy  of  Design,  masonic  hall  in  Broadway, 
house  of  refuge,  orphan's  asylum,  lunatic  asylum,  besides 
many  others,  and  about  100  churches,  some  of  which  are 
very  splendid  and  capacious. 

The  city  government  consists  of  a  mayor,  ten  aldermen, 
and  ten  assistants,  with  an  able  and  effective  body  of 
police  officers.  Steam  boats,  packets  and  stages,  arrive  at 

*  Since  the  first  edition  of  this  work  was  issued,  the  Exchange, 
together  with  700  other  buildings,  have  been  destroyed  by  fire. 


84 


NEW    YORK. 


and  depart  from  the  city,  at  almost  every  hour,  and  for 
every  part  of  the  United  States. 

ROUTES  FROM  NEW  YORK. 


To  Albany,  by  Steam  Boat. 

Rhinebeck,                   1     90 

Fort  Gansewort,                   2 

Redhook,  L.  L.           6     96 

Hamilton's  Monument  2     4 

Glasgow,                      3     99 

Manhattanville,              3     7 

Redhook,  U.  L.            1  100 

Fort  Lee,                        3  ]  0 

Sangerties,                    1  101 

Spuyten  Duyvel  Cr.      2  12 

Bristol,                           1  102 

Phillipsburg,                   4  16 

Catskill,                        9  111 

Dobb's  Ferry,                  6  22 

(Thence  to  Pine  Orchard, 

Tappan  Landing,           3  'J5 

14  miles.) 

Tarryiown,                     1  26 

Hudson  and  Athens,    5  116 

Nyack,  on  Tappan  sea,  3  2i) 

Columbiaville,              5  121 

Sparta,  &  State  Prison,  3  32 

Coxackie,                     3  124 

Tellers  Point,                 2  34 

Kinderhook  Landing,  1  125 

Havcrstraw  &  Croton,  1  35 

New  Baltimore,           5  130 

Stony  Point,                  3  38 

Coeymans,                    2  132 

Verplanks  Point,           1  39 

Schodack,                    2  134 

Peekskill,                        2  41 

Castleton,                       1   135 

St.  Anthony's  nose,       2  43 

Albany,                       10  145 

Fort  Clinton                    1  44 

For  routes  from  Albany, 

West  Point,                    7  51 

see    article  "  Albany." 

4   f  Crows  Nest  Mt.     4  55 
g   \  Butter  Hill,            1  56 
3  1  Caldvvell,                1  57 
g      Canterbury,            1  58 

The  stage    route  from  N. 
York   to  Albany,  dues 
not     differ     materially 
from  the  above. 

New  Windsor,                1  59 

To  Boston  by  Steam  Boat. 

New  burg,  West  side,  >  o  ri 

Newtown  Creek,                 4 

Fiski  11  landing,  E.  S.  (** 

Hell  Gate,                    5       9 

Hamburg,                       6  67 

Flushing  Bay,             4     13 

Hampton,                        1  68 

Frogs  Point,                 3     16 

Barncgat,                       2  70 

Cow  Neck,                   2     18 

Poukeepsie,                    5  75 

New  Rochelle  L.          6     24 

Hyde  Park,                    5  80 

West  Greenwich,       11     35 

Pelham,                          3  83 

Stamford,                     8     43 

WalkillCr.                   6  89 

Oldwell,                       8    51 

NEW    YORK. 


85 


Southport,                    8     59 

~  3  Point  no  point,     14  86 

Black  rock,                  5     64 

£  )  Philadelphia,          5  91 

Stratford  Point,            7     71 



New  Haven  harb.,      12     83 

To  Philadelphia,  via  New 

(Thence  to  N.  Haven, 

Brunswick,  <$fc. 

4  miles.) 

Perth  Ainboy,  S.  Bt.          25 

Falkners  Is.               12     95 

New  Brunswick,  "    12     37 

Harnmonassct  Ft.,        8  103 

<y  t  Kingston,           14     51 

Connecticut  River,     11  114 

%>  <<  Princeton,             3     54 

New  London  harb.,    14  128 

m  (  Trenton,             10     64 

(Thence  to  N.  London, 

pq  \  Bordentown,         6     70 

4  miles,) 

w  )  Philadelphia,      30  100 

Fishers  Is.,                  5  133 



Point  Judith,              30  163 

To  Philadelphia,  ly  Stage. 

Beaver  Tail,  (Narra- 

Newark,                              10 

gunsetbay,)               9  172 

Elizabethtown,              6  16 

Newport,                       5  177 

Rahway,                          5  21 

Bristol  Harb.,              10  187 

New  Brunswick,          13  34 

Pawtuxet,                    10  197 

Kingston,                      13  47 

Providence,                   5  202 

Princeton,                       3  50 

Boston,  (by  land,)      43  245 

Trenton,                        10  60 



Bristol,                           11  71 

To  Philadelphia,  via  South 

Holmsburg,                  11  82 

Amlioy,  iSfc. 

Frankford,                      4  86 

f  Castle  Williams,           1 

Philadelphia,                  5  91 

Bedlow's  Is.           1     2 



•S      Kills,                      3     5 

To  Easton,Pa.  ly  Stage. 

J    |  Ryers  ferry            2     7 

Newark,                              10 

£  -(  Newark  bay,          1     8 

Morristown,                 19  29 

Elizabethtown  pt.,  4  12 

Chester,                        13  42 

w      Rahway  river,        4  16 

Schooley's  mt.  Springs,  8  50 

Perth  Amboy,        9  25 

Mansfield,                     11  61 

1  South  Amboy,        2  27 

Easton,                         15  76 

^    fSpotswood,              9  36 



g      West's,                   4  40 

To  Ithaca,  N.  Y. 

j  1  Rocky  Brook,         8  48 

Newark,                              10 

"§    1  Centreville,             4  52 
"   iBordentown,          9  61 

Pompton,                    21     31 
Snufflown,                  12     43 

«  I  Bristol,                 10  71 

Deckertown,               12     55 

ojj  }  Burlington,            1  72 

Milford,                     17     72 

86       NEW  YORK. NIAGARA  FALLS. 


Wilsonville, 

24     96 

Fairfield, 

3     58 

Rixes  Gap,  Pa. 

15  111 

Bridgeport, 

4     62 

Mont  rose, 

34  145 

Slumlord, 

4     66 

pi  S  Owego, 

32  177 

Milford, 

5     71 

pj  (  Ithaca, 

30  207 

New  Haven, 

il     82 

To  New  Haven, 

Conn., 

To  Montauk  PL 

by  Stage. 

by  Stage 

Jamaica, 

11 

West  Chester, 

15 

Dix  Hills, 

18     29 

Mamuroriec, 

8    23 

Smithtown, 

11     40 

Rye, 

6    2J 

Carman, 

18    58 

West  Greenwich, 

2    21 

Morriches, 

10     68 

Stamford, 

7     38 

Quag, 

9     77 

Norwalk, 

9     47 

S.  Hampton, 

14    91 

Saugatuck, 

4     51 

B.  Hampton, 

7     98 

Southport, 

4    55 

Montauk  Pt. 

23  121 

Niagara,  U.  C.  (54.) 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.  (54.)  This  stupendous  and  une 
qualled  work  of  nature,  is  formed  by  a  ridge  of  lirne-stcne 
rocks,  which  is  here  broken  and  torn  asunder  by  the  waters 
frotn  the  great  lakes  above.  This  ridge,  as  it  is  improperly 
called,  is  a  mere  shelf,  or  a  succession  of  steps,  from  the 
basin  of  lake  Ontario,  up  to  that  of  Erie,  the  difference  of 
level  being  about  334  feet.  The  elevation  of  the  great  cat 
aract  from  its  brow  at  the  crescent,  to  the  surface  of  the 
strait  is  158  feet,  hence  it  will  be  seen  that  the  rapids  above 
the  falls  have  a  greater  actual  descent  than  the  falls  them- 
selves.  The  rapids  commence  near  the  Burning  Spring, 
about  a  mile  above  the  precipice. 

The  inclination  of  the  plane  over  which  the  waters  pass, 
increases  as  it  approaches  the  chute,  and  thus  augments 
the  velocity  of  the  current  and  the  turbulence  of  its  trou 
bled  wati  rs.  u«No  spectacle  can  be  more  sublime,  than  is 
presented  by  the  great  falls,  when  viewed  in  connection 
with  the  rapids  above.  -The  high  grounds,  in  the  rear  of 
Forsy Ih's  hotel,  afford  such  a  view 

In  addition  to  the  falls,  there  are  several  interesting  ob 
jects  in  their  vicinity,  which  deserves  attention;  among 
them  may  be  mentioned  the  Burning  Spring,  near  the  outlet 


NIAGARA. NORTH  CAROLINA. 


87 


of  Chi ppewa  creek ;  whirlpool,  two  miles  below  the  falls ; 
the  bridge  and  platform  at  Goat  Island  ;  the  sorcerer's  cave, 
just  below  the  lulls  ;  u.ineral  spring,  £  mile  below  ;  the  battle 
fields  of  Chippewa,  Luudy's  lane,  and  Queenston,  Brock's 
monument,  Welland  canal,  and  the  villages  of  Chippewa, 
Manchester,  Lewistown,  Queenston,  Tuscurora  indians,&c. 

ROUTES  FROM  NIAGARA. 


To  Montreal  via  Lake  Onta 

To  Rochester,  by  Stage. 

rio,  by  Slcam  Bout,  6 

•c. 

Lewistown, 

7 

Queenston, 

6 

Cambria, 

15  22 

Niagara  Vil., 

7 

13 

Harlland, 

11  33 

Toronto,  (York,) 

30 

43 

Oak  Orchard, 

14  47 

Port  Hope, 

66 

109 

Gainesville, 

7  54 

Coburg, 

36 

145 

Clarkson, 

16  69 

Oswego, 

74 

219 

Parma, 

7  76 

Duck's  Isld., 

23 

'242 

Rochester, 

11  87 

Kingston, 

35 

277 



Elizubethtown, 

48 

325 

To  Buffalo,  by  Stage, 

Cana- 

Prescot, 

14 

339 

da  side. 

Hamilton, 

18 

357 

Chippewa, 

2 

Long  Saut  I., 

18 

375 

Waterloo, 

15  17 

Cornwall, 

10 

365 

Black  rock, 

1  18 

Lake  St.  Francis, 

6 

391 

Buffalo, 

1  19 

Foot  of  do. 

22 

413 



Coteau  du  Lac, 

4 

417 

To  Buffalo,  Am.  side. 

Les  Cedres, 

7 

424 

Schlosser, 

2 

Cascades, 

7 

431 

Tonnewanta, 

10  12 

La  Chine, 

16 

447 

Black  rock, 

8  20 

Montreal, 

8 

455 

Buffalo, 

1  21 

Nicholasburg,  P.  (129.) 
Nichoiasville,  K.(190.) 
Nickojack,  G.  ('^4J.) 
Nolilt-sboro,  P.  (128.) 
Noblesvil  e,  Ind.  (I ',3.) 
Norfolk,  Va.  (218.) 
Norridgewock,  Me.  (40.) 


Norristown,P.(1330 
Northampton,  Mass.  (84.) 
Northampton  C.  H.,  Va. 
(199.) 

Northfielcl,  Mass.  (84.) 
North  wood,  N.  H.  (62  ) 
Northumberland,  P.  (132.) 


North  Carolina,  state  of,  (2.'.2,)  is  divided  into  65  coun 
ties.  Population  in  1830,  738,470,  including  246,462  slaves, 


88  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Area,  49,500  square  miles;  capital,  Raleigh  ;  metropolis, 
Newburn,  in  N.  Lat.  35°  06',  Long.  0°  6'.  General  elec 
tion,  no  fixed  day.  Constitution  formed,  1776. 

Government. — Governor,  term  of  office,  one  year,  salary 
$2,000;  executive  council  of  7  members;  state  treasurer, 
$1,500.  Secretary  of  state,  $300  and  fees  ;  attorney  gene 
ral. 

Judiciary. — Supreme  court,  composed  of  a  chief  justice, 
salary  $2,500,  and  two  associate  judges,  each,  $2,500,  per 
annum.  Circuit  court  consists  of  two  judges.  All  the 
judges  are  appointed  by  a  joint  vote  of  the  senate  and  house 
of  commons.  The  members  of  these  bodies  are  elected  an 
nually  by  the  people. 

Physical  Structure. — The  state  of  N.  Carolina  presents 
almost  every  variety  of  surface.  In  the  east,  we  find  im. 
mense  flats  of  sea-sand  marsh,  swamp,  and  other  alluvious 
matter,  but  little  elevated  above  their  common  parent,  the  at- 
lantic  ocean.  In  the  centre,  hills  of  nearly  all  sizes  and 
heights  present  themselves.  These  increase  in  magnitude 
and  number  in  approaching  the  western  section  of  the  state, 
which  is  in  every  respect  a  mountain  region.  Some  of  the 
most  elevated  peaks  of  the  Allegheny  system,  occur  in  the 
counties  of  Macon,  Buncombe,  Haywood,  Yancy,  &c. 

Rivers. — Meherrin,  Roanoke,  Tar,  Pamplico,  Neuse, 
Cape  Fear,  Lumber,  Yadkin,  Catawba,  Tennessee,  French, 
Broad,  &c. 

Productions. — Cotton,  rice,  wheat,  corn,  tobacco,  tar, 
pitch,  turpentine,  lumber,  and  recently  gold. 

Towns.—  Raleigh  the  capital;  Newburn,  Salisbury,  Wil 
mington,  Fayetteville,Edenton,  Salem,  Charlotte,  Hillsboro, 
Halifax,  Milton,  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Dismal  Swamp  Canal,  (see 
Virginia.)  Lake  Drummond  Canal,  a  navigable  feeder  of 
the  preceding,  it  extends  from  lake  Drummond  to  the  sum 
mit  level  of  the  Dismal  Swamp  Canal,  length  5  miles. 
North  West  Canal,  connects  N.  W.  river  with  the  Dismal 
Swamp  Canal,  length  6  miles.  Weldon  Canal,  forms  the 
commencement  of  the  Roanoke  Navigation.  It  extends 
around  the  falls  of  Roanoke  above  the  towns  of  Welden  and 
Blakely,  length  12  miles.  Clubfoot  and  Harlow  Canal, 


NORTH    CAROLINA. OHIO.  89 

extends  from  the  head  waters  of  Clubfbot  to  those  of  Har- 
low  creek,  near  Beaufort,  length  1  \  miles.  The  navigation 
of  the  Roanokc  from  the  Weldon  Canal,  to  the  town  of  Sa- 
lern  in  Virginia,  a  distance  of  232  miles,  the  Cape  Fear,  the 
Yadkin,  the  Tar,  New,  and  Catawba  rivers,  has  been 
greatly  improved  by  joint  stock  companies.  Rail  Roads, 
are  projected  to  extend  from  Fayetteville  to  Cape  Fear 
river;  from  Wilmington  through  Fayetteville  and  Salis 
bury  to  Beattysford  on  the  Catawba,  a  distance  of  250  ms. : 
and  several  others.  (For  an  account  of  the  Rail  Road  ex 
tending  from  Blakcly  to  Petersburg  and  Norfolk,  respec 
tively,  see  Virginia.) 

Norton,  O.  (125.)  Norwich,  Conn,  (110.) 

Norway,  N.  Y.  (59.)  Nottoway,  Va.  (196.) 

Norwich,  N.  Y.  (81.)  Nunen,  G.  (269.) 

O. 

Oakfuskec,  Ala.  (2,85.)  Oconee  R.,  G.  (288.) 

Oakfuscoonene,  G.  (285.)  Ocrnulgee  R.,  G.  (303.) 

Obion  R.,  T.  (205.)  Oewooha,  Ala.  0284.) 

Occacock  Inlet,  N.  C.  (239.)  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y.  (34.) 

Ocklawaha  R.,  F  (32!).)  Ohio  R.,  Pa.  (128.) 

Oconee  Station,  S.  C.  (252.)  Ohio  R.,  K.  (168.) 

Ohio,  state  of,  (171,)  is  divided  into  74  counties;  popula 
tion  in  1830,  937,()03.  Area,  3:),750  square  miles.  Capi 
tal,  Columbus;  metropolis,  Cincinnati,  in  Lat.  3.)°  06'  N. 
Long.  7°  31',  W.  Gener.il  election,  second  Tuesday  in  Oc 
tober.  Legislature  meets,  first  Monday  in  December,  Con 
stitution  formed  in  1802. 

Government. — Governor,  term  of  office  two  years,  salary 
$1,200;  secretary  of  state;  treasurer,  and  auditor.  Senate 
consists  of  36  members,  elected  biennially;  house  of  repre 
sentatives  consists  of  72  members,  elected  annually. 

Judiciary- — Supreme  court  consists  of  a  chief  judge  and 
three  associate  judges — salary,  $1,200  each.  Courts  of 
Common  Picas.  The  state  is  divided  into  9  districts,  in 
each  of  which  there  is  a  presiding  judge,  salary  $1000  ;  and 
two  associates  in  each  county,  who  receive  each  $2  50  per 
day,  during  their  attendance  at  court. 
8* 


90  OHIO. 

All  the  judges  of  the  supreme  court  and  the  courts  of 
common  pleas  are  elected  by  the  house  of  representatives 
for  the  term  of  7  years.  The  supreme  court  sits  once  a 
year  in  each  county,  arid  the  court  of  common  pleas  three 
times  a  year.  The  only  capital  crime  in  Ohio  is  murder 
in  the  first  degree.  There  is  no  imprisonment  for  debt, 
except  in  cases  of  fraudulent  withholding  of  property. 

Physical  Structure. — The  eastern  part  of  the  state  which 
borders  on  Pennsylvania  is  hilly,  but  gradually  becomes 
more  level  as  you  advance  westward.  Along  the  whole 
course  of  the  Ohio  river,  there  is,  in  this  state,  a  strip  of 
land,  of  from  10  to  15  miles,  and  in  some  places  more,  in 
width,  which  is  broken  and  hilly.  These  hills,  especially 
in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  river,  are  very  high  and 
often  of  quite  a  mountainous  aspect. 

The  western  half  of  the  state  is  in  general  remarkably 
level.  On  the  immediate  borders  of  Indiana,  it  is  so  much 
so,  as  to  assume  a  very  monotonous  appearance.  The  cen 
tral  parts  of  the  state,  from  the  neighbourhood  of  the  Ohio 
river  up  to  lake  Erie  may  be  com  pared,  as  it  regards  level 
character,  not  with  entire  accuracy,  to  the  country  around 
Philadelphia,  or  rather  that  portion  of  Pennsylvania  which 
is  seen  by  the  traveller  as  he  passes  from  that  city  to  Lan 
caster,  by  the  main  turnpike  road. 

Rivers. —Ohio,  Mahoning,  Little  Beaver,  Muskingum, 
Hocking,  Scioto,  Little  Miami,  Great  Miami,  Maumee, 
Portage,  Cuyahaga,  Grand,  Ashtabula,  &c. 
»  Productions. — Wheat,  rye,  oats,  buckwheat,  Indian  corn, 
garden  vegetables  and  fruits,  are  produced  in  great  abun 
dance. 

Towns. — Cincinnati,  Columbus,  Ripley,  Portsmouth,  Ma 
rietta,  New  Lisbon,  Canton,  Wooster,  Massillon,  New  Phil 
adelphia,  Coshocton,  Newark,  Zancsville,  Lancaster,  Chilli- 
cothe,  Circleville,  Dayton,  Springfield,  St.  Clairsville,Hills- 
boro,  Ravenna,  Athens,  and  many  others. 

Internal  Improvements. — Ohio  and  Erie  Canal,  extends 
from  Portsmouth  on  the  Ohio  River,  to  Cleveland  on  Lake 
Erie,  length  307  miles.  Miami  Canal,  from  Cincinnati  to 
Dayton,  68  miles,  the  extension  of  this  canal  to  the  Maumee 
is  in  progress.  Columbus  Canal,  from  the  Ohio  and  Erie 


OHIO. 


PAT 


91 


Canal,  to  Columbus,  10  miles.     Lancaster  Canal,  from  the 
Ohio  and  Erie  Canal,  to  Lancaster,  9  miles. 


Ohio  and  Erie  Canal, 

see  Ohio,  (171.) 
Old  Agency,  Miss.  (282.) 
Oneida  L.,  N.  Y.  (57.) 
Onslow,  N.  C.  (257.) 
Onslow  bay,  N.  C.  (257.) 
Opelousas,  Lou.  (307.) 
Opilucloy,  F.  (329.) 
Orange,'C.  H.,  Va.  (175.) 
Orangeburg,  S.  C.  (273.) 
Orwigsburg,  P.  (132.) 
Osage,  Mo.  (162.) 
Osborn,  Va.  (197.) 
Ossipee,  N.  H.  (62.) 
Ossabaw  Sound,  G.  (305.) 
Oswego,  N.  Y.  (57.) 
Oswego  Ca'/,  see  N.  Y.  (57.) 

Painesville,  O.  (101.) 
Painsville,  Va.  (196.) 
Painted  Post,  N.  Y.  (79.) 
Palatine,  N.  Y.  (59.) 
Palestine,  II.  (145.) 
Palestine,  Ind.  (167.) 
Palermo,  Me.  (40.) 
Pallachuchec,  Ala.  (285.) 
Palmyra,  Me.  (40.) 
Palmyra,  N.  Y.  (56.) 
Palmyra,  Mo.  (141.) 
Palmyra,  Miss.  (279.) 
Paoli,  Ind.  (167.) 
Pamplico  Sound,  N.C.  (238.) 
PamplicoR.,N.C.  (238.) 
Papakunk,  N.  Y.  (82.) 
Paris,  K.(169.) 
Paris,  Me.  (39.) 
Paris,  T.  (206.) 


Ottowa,  or  Grand  R.,  L.  C, 

(13.) 

Ottsville,  P.  (133.) 
Ovid,  II.  (185.) 
Ovid,  N.Y.  (80.) 
Owego,  N.  Y.  (80.) 
Ovventon,  K.  (169.) 
Owenboro,  K  (167.) 
Owingsville,  K.  (170.) 
Oxford,  N.  H.  (61.) 
Oxford,  N.Y.  (81.) 
Oxford,  11.  (166.) 
Oxford,  N.  C.  (216.) 
Oxford  Rail  R.,  see  Pa. 

(156.) 
Oyster  bay,  N.  Y.  (135.) 


P. 


Park  man,  O.  (101.) 
Parker,  N.C.  (218.) 
Parkers,  S.C.  (210.) 
Parkers,  Miss.  (264.) 
Parkersburg,  Va.  (151.) 
Parrishvillc,  N.  Y.  (35.) 
Parryville,  II.  (164.) 
Parrots,  S.  C.  (254.) 
Parsonfield,  Me.  (63.) 
Pascagoola  R.,  Miss.  (311.) 
Pasgacoola  Bay,  Miss.  (311.) 
Pas  Marian,  Lou.  (3ll.) 
Paterson  and  Hudson  river 
R.Road.  see  N.  J.  (134.) 
Patterson,  N.  Y.  (109.) 
Paterson,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Patesville,  K.  (188.) 
Pattonsburg,  Va.  (195.) 


92  PAT  PENNSYLVANIA. 

Patton,  N.  C.  (236.)  Pellicers,  Fl.  (330.) 
Pawtucket  Canal,  see  Mass.     Pembroke,  Mass.  (86.) 

(65.)  Pemmaquid  Pt.  Me.  (64.) 

Peaces,  Ala.  (248.)  Pennsboro,  Pa.  (106.) 

Pearl  R.,  Miss.  (2.96.)  Penobscot  H.,  Me.  (20.) 

Pearlington,  Miss.  (310.)  Penobscot  Hay,  Me.  (64.) 

Peedee  R.,  S.  C.  ('255.)  Pensacola,  F.  (312.) 

Peekskill,  N.  Y.  (109.)  Pensacola  Bay,  F.  (312.) 

Pennsylvania,  state  of,  (133,)  is  divided  into  52  counties. 
Population,  1,347,672,  including-  386  slaves.  Area,  47,500 
square  miles.  Capital,  Harrisburg;  metropolis,  Philadel 
phia,  in  N.  Lat.  3,3°  57'  E.  Long-.  1°  47'.  General  election, 
second  Tuesday  in  October  ;  legislature  meet  first  Tuesday 
in  December.  Constitution  formed,  1790. 

Government. — Governor — term  of  office  three  years,  sal- 
ary  $4,000;  secretary  of  state  ;  treasurer;  auditor-general; 
surveyor-general ;  and  attorney-general. 

Legislature. — Senate  consists  of  thirty-three  members, 
elected  for  four  years.  House  of  Representatives,  one  hun- 
dren  members,  elected  annually. 

Judiciary. — There  is  a  supreme  court,  consisting-  of  a 
chief  justice  and  four  associate  judges.  This  court  holds 
its  courts  in  five  places  in  the  state,  which  is  divided  into 
five  districts  for  that  purpose.  The  state  is  also  divided  into 
16  districts,  for  the  sessions  of  the  courts  of  common 
pleas.  Each  of  these  circuits  has  a  presiding  judge,  and 
two  associates  from  each  county.  The  judges  of  the 
supreme  court  receive  a  salary  of  $2,000  per  annrium  ;  the 
judges  of  the  common  pleas,  $1,61)0 ;  and  the  associates, 
$200. 

Physical  Structure. — The  Allegheny  mountains  pass 
obliquely  across  the  central  part  of  the  state,  ranging, 
generally,  from  north-east  to  south-west.  The  several 
ridges  which  constitute  the  system  here  are  known  by  lo 
cal  name^  differing  in  many  cases,  from  those  generally 
adopted  by  writers  on  geography.  In  passing  along  the 
great  road  from  Philadelphia  to  Pittsburg,  the  traveller 
crosses,  successively  the  following  ridges:  Mine  Hill ;  South 
Mountain;  Blue  Mountain  ;  Cove ;  Sideling  Hill;  Tussey'a 


PENNSYLVANIA.  93 

Mountain;  Dunning's  Mountain ;  Will's  Mountain ;  Alle 
gheny  Mountain  ;  Laurel  Hill,  and  Chesnut  ridge.  The 
Allegheny  Mountain  is  by  far  the  most  elevated  among  the 
group ;  it  is  here  that  the  waters  which  run  eastward  and 
those  flowing  into  the  Ohio,  have  their  sources.  The 
ridges  on  either  side  of  the  great  Allegheny,  are  little  else 
than  mere  steps  from  the  plains  below,  up  to  the  main 
ridge  ;  the  valleys,  as  well  as  the  ridges,  becoming  more  and 
more  elevated,  as  they  approach  the  dividing  ridge.  Some 
of  the  peaks  attain  an  elevation  of  3,000  feet;  the  mean 
altitude  of  the  Allegheny  system,  is  about  2,500  feet  above 
tide  water. 

Islands. — With  the  exception  of  a  few  small  islands  in 
the  Delaware  and  Susquehanna,  there  is  none  within  the 
borders  of  the  state.  Those  in  the  Susquehanna,  are,  Dun 
can's  island,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Juniata  ;  Hill  island,  near 
Middletown  ;  Fishing  island,  a  few  miles  below,  and  some 
others.  And  in  the  Delaware,  Tinicum,  Hog,  League, 
Petty  s,  Biles,  &c.  Jjnkes  ; — Erie,  which  borders  the  N. 
W.  part  of  the  state,  and  Conneaut,  are  the  only  lakes  in  the 
state,  which  is  remarkably  destitute  of  such  aggregations 
of  waters,  as  deserve  the  name  of  lakes. 

Rivers. — Delaware,  Schuylkill,  Lehigh,  Susquehanna, 
Swatara,  Juniata,  West  branch,  Ohio,  Beaver,  Allegheny, 
Conernaugh,  Clarion,  French  creek,  Monongahela,  Yough- 
iogeny,  &c. 

1 'reductions. — Wheat,  rye, Indian  corn,  barley,  oats,  flax, 
lumber,  live  stock,  iron,  &c.  &c. 

Cities  and  Towns. — Philadelphia,  the  metropolis ;  Harris- 
burg,  the  capital;  Pittsburg,  Erie,  Lancaster,  York,  Read 
ing,  Bethlehem,  Easton,  Pottsville,  Chester,  West  Chester, 
Carlisle,  Bedford,  Washington,  &c.  &-C. 

Internal  Improvements  : — 

State  Canals.—  Central  division,  Pennsylvania  Canal, ex- 
tends  from  Columbia  to  Ilolidaysburg,  length  171  3-4  miles. 
Western  division,  Pennsylvania  Canal,  from  Johnstown  to 
Pittsburg,  length,  104  miles.  Susquehanna  division,  Penn 
sylvania  Canal,  extends  from  the  central  division  on  Dun 
can's  island,  to  Northumberland,  39  miles.  West  Branch 
division,  Pennsylvania  Canal,  from  Northumberland  to 


94  PENNSYLVANIA. 

Dunnstown,  65  34  miles.  North  Branch  division,  Pennsyl 
vania  Cunul,  Ironi  Northumberland  to  Nanticoke  falls,  60£ 
miles.  An  extension  of  this  canal,  14  98-100  miles,  is  now 
in  progress.  Delaware  division,  Pennsylvania  Canal,  ex 
tends  from  Bristol  to  Easton,59  3-4  miles.  Pittsburg  and 
Erie  Canal,  is  tj  extend  from  Pittsburg  to  Erie,  73-40 
miles  of  this  work  is  completed. 

Canals  constructed  by  joint  stock- companies. — Scltvyl- 
kill  Navigation,  extends  from  Philadelphia  to  Port  Carbon, 
108  miles.  Union  Canal,  extends  from  theSchuylkill  near 
Reading  to  Middletown  on  the  Susquehanna,  82-08  miles. 
Pine  Grove  Canal,  a  branch  of  the  preceding,  6-75  miles 
in  length.  Lehigh  Navigation,  from  Easten  to  Mauoh 
Chunk,  46-75  miles.  Lackawaxf.n  Canal,  from  M'Carty's 
point  to  Honesdale,  25  miles.  Conestoga  Navigation,  from 
Lancaster  to  Safe  Harbor,  on  the  Susquehanna,  18  miles. 
Codorus  Navigation,  from  York  to  the  Susquehanna,  11 
miles.  West  Philadelphia  Canal,  around  the  western  abut 
ment  of  the  permanent  bridge,  over  the  Schuyliiill,  about 
500  yards  in  length. 

Stale  Rail  Roads. — Columbia  Rail  Road,  extends  from 
Philadelphia  to  Columbia,  on  the  Susquehanna,  length 
81-60  miles.  Allegheny  Portage  Rail  Road,  from  Holli- 
daysburg  to  Johnstown,  forms  the  connecting  link  between 
the  central  arid  western  divisions  of  the  Pennsylvania  ca 
nal,  length  36-G9  miles. 

Rail  Roads  constructed  by  joint  stock  companies: — 
Mauch  Chunk  Rail  Road,  from  Mauch  Chunk  to  the  coal 
mines,  9  miles.  Room  Run  Rail  Road,  from  Mauch  Chunk 
to  the  coal  mine  on  Room  Run,  5-26  miles.  Mount  Carbon 
Rail  Road,  from  Mount  Carbon  to  Norwegian  valley,  7-24 
miles.  Schuylkill  Valley  Rail  Road,  from  Port  Carbon  to. 
Tuscarora,  10  miles.  Branches  of  the  preceding,  15  ms. 
Schuylkill  Rail  Road,  13  miles.  Mill  Creek  Rail  Road, 
from  Port  Carbon  to  the  coal  mines,  near  Mill  Creek, 
length,  including  branches,  7  miles.  Mine  Hill  and  Schuyl 
kill  Haven  Rail  Road,  from  Schuylkill  Haven  to  the  coal 
mines  at  Mine  Hill,  length,  including  2  brandies,  20  ms. 
Pine  Grove  Rail  Road,  4  miles  in  length.  Little  Schuyl 
kill  Rail  Road,  from  Port  Clinton  to  Tamaqua,  23  miles, 


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PENNSYLVANIA.  05 

Lackawaxen  Rail  Road,  from  Honcsdale  to  Carbondale, 
16£  miles.  West  Chester  Rail  Road,  from  the  Columbia 
R.  R.  to  West  Chester,  9  miles.  Philadelphia,  Germantown 
and  Norristoiun  Rail  Road,  (about  7  miles  of  this  road  are 
completed,  a  new  rout  to  Norristown,  leaving'  Germantown 
to  the  N.  E.  has  been  adopted.)  Lykin's  Valley  R.  Road, 
from  Broad  Mountain  to  Millersburg1.  Philadelphia  and 
Trenton  Rail  Road,  26  1-4  miles  in  length.  Central  Rail 
Road,  from  the  vicinity  of  Pottsviile  to  Sunbury,  44-54  ms. 
Danville  branch,  7  miles  long,  whole  length  51-54.  Oxford 
R.  Road,  now  in  progress,  extends  from  the  Columbia  R.  R. 
to  the  Maryland  state  line.  Reading  R.  R.  to  extend  from 
Norristown  to  Port  Clinton. 

Pennsylvania   Canals  and  Pcrrysville,  T.  (227.) 

Rail  Roads,  see  Pennsyl-  Person  C.  H.,  N.  C.  (215.) 

vania,  (132.)  Petersburg,  P.  (131.) 

Pcnyan,  N.  Y.  (79.)  Petersburg,?.  (153.) 

Pcoria,  Ind   (119.)  Petersburg,  P.  (155.) 

Perdido  R.,  F.  (317.)  Petersburg,  Ind.  (166.) .; 

Perrysburg,  O.  (99.)  Petersburg,  Va.  (197.)  ' 

Perry,  G.  (L287.)  Petersburg  and  Roanoke 
Perrysville,  O.  (126.)  Rail  Road,  see  Virginia,, 

Pcrrysville,  P.  (128.)  (217.) 

Perrysville,  Mo.  (Ib5.)  Peters  T.,  Va.  (194.) 

Philadelphia,  P.  (137.)  The  metropolis  of  the  state  of 
Pennsylvania,  and,  after  New  York,  the  largest  city  in  the 
U.  S.  Population,  180,OUO.  It  is  favourably  situated  be- 
tweenthe  Delaware  and  Sehuylhill  rivers,  about  five  miles 
from  the  junction  of  the  latter  with  the  Delaware.  The  city 
proper,  or  that  portion  of  it  which  is  limited  by  the  Dela 
ware  on  the  east,  the  Schuylkill  on  the  west,  Vine  st.  on  the 
north,  and  South  or  Cedar  st.  on  the  south,  is  under  the  ju 
risdiction  of  the  corporation.  The  adjoining  districts  have 
each  separate  and  distinct  municipal  authorities  and  regu 
lations,  wholly  unconnected,  in  a  legal  point  of  view,  with 
the  others,  or  either  of  them.  These  regulations,  being1 
merely  local  in  their  operation,  are  unimportant  in  refer 
ence  to  the  city,  as  it  is  generally  understood,  which,  for 
all  practical  purposes,  may  be  regarded  as  embracing  the 


96  PHILADELPHIA. 

adjoining  districts  of  Kensington,  the  Northern  Liberties, 
Spring  Garden,  Southwark,  Moyamensing,  &c. 

The  densely  built  parts  of  the  city  and  districts,  have  an 
outline  ol'about  8^  miles.  The  principal  streets  of  the  city 
proper,  are  Market  or  High,  Arch  or  Mulberry,  Race  or 
Sassafras,  Vine,Chesnut,  Walnut,  Dock,  Spruce,  Lombard, 
South  or  Cedar,  Front,  Second,  Third,  &,c.  uij  to  Thirteenth, 
which  is  suceeded  by  Broad  street,  &c.  Those  of  the  Nor 
thern  Liberties,  are  Callovvhill,  Noble,  Green,  Coates, 
Brown,  Front,  Budd,  Second,  St.  Johns,  Third  sts.,  Old 
York  Road,  &c.  Those  of  Kensington,  Beach,  Queen, 
Maiden,  Shackamaxon,  Marlboro,  Hanover  street,  &.c.  In 
Spring  Garden,  are  John,  Lawrence,  Eighth,  Ninth,  &c. 
Callowhill,  James,  Buttonwood,  Spring  Garden,  Washing 
ton  streets,  &c.  In  Southwark,  Shipper),  Plum,  German, 
Catharine,  Queen,  Christian,  Carpenter,  Prime  streets,  etc. 
And  in  Moyamensing,  Shippen,  Fitzwatcr,  Catharine,  Tid- 
marsh,  Prime,  and  Federal  streets.  In  addition  to  the  above, 
each  district  has  several  cross  streets  and'avenues,  most  of 
which  are  well  built. 

Public  buildings,  and  other  interesting  objects  in  or  near 
the  city,  are :  Independence  Hall  or  State-house,  in  which 
the  various  courts  are  held,  Bank  of  the  United  States, 
Philadelphia  Bank,  Theatre,  Arcade  and  Philadelphia  Mu 
seum,  Masonic  Hall,  Academy  of  the  Fine  Arts,  United 
States  Mint;  all  the  above  are  in  Chesnut  street.  Perm- 
sylvania  Hospital,  in  Pine  street ;  Alms-house,  in  Blockley 
Township;  Orphan's  Asylum,  in  Cherry  street;  Wills's 
Hospital  for  the  Lame  and  Blind,  in  Race  street;  Pennsyl 
vania  Institution  for  the  Blind,  Thirteenth  st. ;  Orphan's 
(Catholic)  Asylum  of  St.  Josephs,  in  Chesnut  street ; 
Widow's  Asylum,  in  Cherry  street;  Pennsylvania  Institu 
tion  for  the  Deaf  and  Dumb,  on  Broad  and  Pine  streets; 
Merchants'  Exchange  and  Post  Office,  on  Dock,  Thiid  and 
Walnut  streets;  Custom-house,  in  Second  street;  City 
Library,  and  Philosophical  Hall  and  Athenium,  in  Fifth 
street  near  Chesnut;  Hall  of  the  Franklin  (mechanics') 
Institute,  in  Seventh  street ;  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences, 
in  Twelfth  street ;  University  buildings,  in  Ninth  street ; 
Jefferson  College,  in  Tenth  street;  Musical  Fund  Hall,  in 


PHILADELPHIA. 


97 


Locust  street ;  Adelphi,  in  Fifth  street ;  Washington  Hall, 
in  Third  street ;  Theatre,  in  Walnut  street ;  Theatre,  in 
Arch  street ;  Prison,  on  Arch  and  Broad  streets  ;  Prison, 
on  Passyunk  Road  ;  Eastern  Penitentiary,  and  House  of 
Refuge,  in  Francis  street;  Fair  Mount  Water  Works,  on 
the  Schuylkill,  N.  W.  of  the  State-house  ;  Marine  Asylum, 
and  United  States  Arsenal,  on  the  Schuylkill,  S.  W.  of  the 
State-house ;  Navy  Yard,  on  the  Delaware ;  Friends'  Lu 
natic  Asylum,  near  Frankford;  about  80  churches,  12 
banks;  Alms-house,  west  side  of  the  Schuylkill;  Girard 
College,  N.  W.  of  the  State-house,  &c.  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  PHILADELPHIA. 


To  Pittsburg. 

•  i  Laughlintown,    16  241 

f  Fair  Mount, 

1 

**  1  Greensburg,       23  264 

Viaduct  over  the 

!  (  Pittsburgh,         32  296 

Schuylkill, 

2       3 



Buck  Tavern, 

8     11 

To  Pittsburgh,  via  Harris- 

Spread  Eagle, 

5     16 

burg. 

Paoli, 

5    21 

Lancaster,  by  rail  road,     69 

*"U 

Warren, 

1     22 

Mountjoy,  by  stage,  12     81 

g 

Valley  Creek, 

7    29 

Middletown,                15     96 

M. 

Downingtown, 

3     32 

Harrisburg,                   9  105 

"3 

Coatesville, 

8    40 

Carlisle,                       18  123 

W 

Gap  Tavern, 

11     51 

Slough's  T.                13  136 

Mine  ridge, 

1     52 

Shippensburgh             7  143 

Mill  Creek, 

5     57 

Cbambcrsburgh,         11    154 

Soudersburg, 

3     60 

Pittsburg,  as  above,  147  301 

Lancaster, 

9     69 



Mt.  Pleasant, 

8    77 

To  Pittsburg,   by  Pennsyl- 

^Columbia, 

5    82 

vanit  Rail  Road  and  Ca 

'York, 

11    91 

nal. 

Abbotstown, 

15  108 

Columbia,  as  above,           82 

Gettysburg, 

14  122 

f  Marietta,              3     85 

u 

CJO  j 

Chambersburg, 

25  147 

.    |  Bainbridge,           6     91 

3   }  M'Connelstown, 

19  166 

1  j  Falmouth,             4     95 

m    |  Bedford, 

31  197 

*  }  Middletown,         4     99 

Shellsburg, 
^Stoystown, 

9  206 
19  225 

U      Highspire,            3  102 
I  Harrisburg,          6  108 

93 


ROUTES  FROM  PHILADELPHIA. 


fBlueMt.  Gap,      5  113 

New  Berlin, 

11     133 

Port  Dauphin,      3   1  16 

Millheirn, 

25     153 

Duncan's  Isd.       9  125 

Bellefbnte, 

21     179 

Newport,            10  135 

Phillipsburg, 

27     206 

Thorn  psontown,  11    146 

Curwinville, 

19    225 

Mexico,                7  153 

Brookville, 

37     262 

Mifflintown,         4  157 

Ship;)ensville, 

27    2o9 

^3  J  Lewistown,         14  171 

Franklin, 

18    307 

§  ]  Waynesburg,      14  Ib5 

Meadville, 

25     332 

^      Aughwiek  F's,    12  197 

Watcrford, 

23    355 

Huntingdon,       17  214 

Erie, 

15     370 

Petersburg,           7  221 



Alexandria,           7  228 

To  Pottsville,  by 

Schuylkill 

Williarnsburg     12  240 

Canal. 

'      Frankstown,       10  250 

Manvunk, 

1 

L  Hollidaysburg,     3  253 

Flat  "Rock, 

\       8 

Johnstown,  bv  R.  R.  37  290 

Spring  Mills, 

3     11 

f  Laurel  Hill,          7  297 

Norristown, 

5     16 

Lockport,            10  307 

Phenixville, 

12    28 

Chesnut  Hill,       5  312 

Pottstown, 

15    43 

Blairsville,            8  320 

Unionville, 

3     46 

~  j  Saltzburg-,           16  33o 

Birds  boro> 

6    52 

g   ]  Warrentown,      12  348 

Reading, 

12     6.4 

O      Leechburg,         10  358 

Hamburg, 

23     87 

Allegheny  aqua.  3  361 

Port  Clinton, 

4     91 

Logan's  Ferry,   15  376 

Tunnel, 

7    98 

IPittsburg,            18  394 

Sch  uy  Ik  ill  Haven, 

3  101 



Mount  Carbon, 

4  105 

To  Erie,  Pa.  by  Stage. 

Pottsville, 

1  106 

Manyunk,                               7 

Port  Carbon, 

2  108 

Norrislown>                  9     16 

_____ 

Trap,                            9     25 

To  Bethlehem,  Pa 

.  &w  Stage 

Poltstown,                  10     35 

Sunville, 

3 

Warrens'ourg,               5     40 

Germantovvn, 

3     6 

Exetertown,                  5     45 

Flowertown, 

5  11 

Reading,                        7     52 

Spring, 

6  17 

Hamburg,                   15     67 

Montgomery, 

4  21 

Orwigsburg,                11     78 

Lexington, 

4  25 

Potts  v.  lie,                     8     86 

Sellersville, 

7  32 

Sunbury,                     36  122 

Quakertown, 

5  37 

ROUTES    FROM    PHILADELPHIA. 


99 


Fryburg,                         6  43 

To  New  York,  by  Steam  Boat 

Bethlehem,                      8  51 

and  R<jil  Road. 



Bordenlown,  by  S.  Boat,     30 

To  Efjston,  by  Stage. 

Centreville,  by  Rail  R.   9  39 

Shoemaktrtown,                   9 

Spotswood,                    16  55 

Jenkintown,                    1  10 

South  Am  boy,                 9  64 

Abington,                         1   11 

Perth  Amboy,  by  S. 

Willowgrove,                 2  13 

Boat,                           2  66 

Newvillo,                        7  20 

New  York,                   25  91 

Doylestown,                   4  24 

Ottsville,                       15  3!) 

To  Baltimore,  by  Steam  Boat 

Easton,                         17  56 

and  Rail  Road. 



^   fFort  Mifflin,                 8 

To  New  York,  by  Stage. 

2    |  Lazaretto,              5     13 

Frank  ford,                             5 

W  J  Chester,                 5     18 

Holinsburg,                     4     9 

s  )  Marcus  Hook,      4     22 

Bristol,                           11  20 

S    j  Christiana  Cr.      8     30 

Trenton,                        11  31 

<0    I  New  Castle,         5     35 

Princeton,                      10  41 

Frenchtown,  by  R.R.  16    51 

King-ton,                        3  44 

Baltimore,  by  S.  B.    69  120 

New  Brunswick,          13  57 

, 

Milton,                          13  70 

To  Baltimore,  by  Stage. 

Klizabethtown,               5  75 

Darby,                                    6 

Newark,                          6  81 

Chester,                           9  15 

New  York,                  10  91 

Wilmington,                 13  28 

. 

Elkton,                         20  48 

To  New  York,  by  Steam  Boat 

Havre  de  Grace,          16  64 

and  Stage. 

Baltimore,                     34  98 

Burlington,  by  S.  Boat,      19 

Bristol,           "do.         1     20 

To  Baltimore,  by  Steam  Boat 

Bordentown,    do.       10     30 

and  Canal. 

Trenton,           do.         6     36 

New  Castle,  as  above, 

Princeton,  by  Stage,  10     46 

by  Steam  Boat,              35 

New  Brunswick,  do.  17     63 

Delaware  City,             6     41 

Perth    Am  boy,  by  S. 

St.  Georges,  by  Canal,  5     46 

Boat,                       12     75 

Deep  Cut,         do.         4     50 

New  York,  do.          25  100 

Bohemia,          do.         5     55 

„ 

Turkey  Point,  by  S. 

Boat,                        10     65 

Baltimore,     do.        48  113  • 


100 


PHI 


PIT 


To  Cape  May,  by  Steam 

Cape  May,  C.  H.          4  70 

Boat. 

Cold  Spring,                  9  79 

Delaware  City,  as  above,    41 

Cape  Island,                   2  81 

Reedy  Island,               5     46 



Allaways  Creek,          5     51 

To  Tuckerton,  N.  Jer.  by 

Bombay  Hook,           12     63 

Stage. 

Egg  Island,                17     80 

Pensauken  Creek,               9 

Light  Ho.,  C.  May,    20  100 

Hampton,  F.                17  26 

Cape  Island,                 2  102 

Washington,                  9  35 



Tuckerton,                   14  49 

To  Cape  May,  by  Stage. 



Woodbury,                            9 

To  Long  Branch. 

Jonesboro,                    10  19 

Bordentown,  by  S.  B.         30 

Malaga,                         10  29 

Allentown,  by  Stage,     7  37 

Millville,                       13  42 

Mon  mouth,       do.        18  55 

Port  Elizabeth,              6  48 

Eaton,               do.        10  65 

Dennis  Creek,              14  62 

Long  Branch,  do.          4  69 

Goshen,                         4  66 

Philadelphia  (West)  Canal, 

see  Pennsylvania,  (157.) 
Philadelphia,     Germantown 
fy  Norristown  Rail  Road, 
see  Pennsylvania,  (133.) 
Philadelphia,  K.  (188.) 
Phillipsburg,  L.  C.  (16.) 
Phillipsburg,  P.  (130.) 
Pickensville,  S.  C.  (252.) 
Pickensville,  Miss.  (280.) 
Picolata,  F.  (330.) 
Pierces,  Ga.  (289.) 
Pike,  N.  Y.  (78.) 
Pikeville,  K.  (192.) 
Pikeville,  T.  (229.) 
Pikeville,  Ala.  (246.) 
Piketon,O.  (150.) 
Pinckneyville,  S.  C.  (253.) 
Pine  Bluff,  Ark.  (242.) 
Pine  Log,  Ga.  (250.) 


Pineville,  S.  C.  (273.) 

Pine  Grove  Rail  Road,  see 

Pennsylvania,  (1 32.) 
Pine  Orchard,  N.  Y.  (83.) 
Pinthocco,  Ala.  (284.) 
Piscataway,  Md.  (177.) 
Piqua,  O.  (124.) 
Point  au  Tremble,  L.  C.  (15.) 
Pt.  Pyrites,  Mich.  (G9.) 
Pt.  au  Pins,  U.  C.  (75.) 
Pt.  au  Playe,  U.  C.  (100.) 
Pt.  Pleasant,  Va.  (171.) 
P.  du  Rocher,  II.  (163.) 
P.  Frederick,  Md.  (177.) 
Pt.  Tobacco,  Md.  (177.) 
Pt.  Comfort,  Ala.  (285.) 
Pt.  au  Fer,  Lou.  (322.) 
Pt.  of  Pines,  Fl.  (328.) 
Pt.  Chico,  Lou.  (324.) 
Pittsfield,  Mass.  (83.) 


PITTS  BU4G-. 


101 


Pittston,  Pa.  (107.)  \  ..   ,>  ,!      ,  :  S  V>  » 

Pittsburg,  Pa.  (128.)  The  city  of  Pittsburgh  was  founded 
in  1765  ;  and  now  contains  a  population  of  about  34,000  in 
cluding  the  adjoining  villages  of  Allegheny,  fiirmirgham, 
«kc.  It  is  a  place  of  great  trade,  and  has  extensive  manu 
factures.  The  public  buildings  are,  a  court  house,  ex 
change,  college,  monitorial  school  house,  several  hotels, 
museums,  U.  States  and  Pittsburg  banks,  market-house, 
many  foundries,  and  16  or  18  churches  of  various  denomi 
nations. 

ROUTES  FROM  PITTSBURG. 


To  Cincinnati,  O. 

by  Steam    Cincinnati,                  26  449 

Boat. 

(See  Cincinnati.) 

Middletown, 

11 



Bcavertown, 

18     29       To  Philadelphia,  by  Stage. 

Fawcetstown, 

19     48  j  East  Liberty,                       5 

Stcuberiville, 

22     70  !  Wilkinsburg,               3       8 

Wellsburg, 

7     77    Howardsville,               3     11 

Warrcnton, 

6     83 

Stewartsville,                8     19 

Wheeling, 

8    91 

Adamsburg,                  .6     25 

Elizabeth  town, 

13  104 

Grcensburg,                  7     32 

Sistersville, 

35  139 

Youngstown,             10     42 

Newport, 

17  156 

Laughlin,                    13     55 

Marietta, 

16  172 

Stoystown,                   16     71 

Parkersburg, 

13  185 

Bedford,                      28     99 

Belville, 

17  202 

M'ConnelsT.             31  130 

Latarts  rapids, 

30  232 

Chambersburg,           19  149 

Point  Pleasant, 

29  261 

Gettysburg,                 25  174 

Ga  Hi  polls, 

3  264 

York,                          29  203 

Guyandot, 

34  298 

Columbia,                    11  214 

Burlington, 

7  305 

Lancaster,  by  R.  R.   13  227 

Portsmouth, 

41  346 

Downingtown,            37  264 

Manchester, 

36  382 

Philadelphia,               32  2J6 

Maysville, 

10  3)2 



Ripley, 

7  399 

To    Philadelphia,  by  Canal 

Augusta, 

9  408 

and  Rail  Road. 

Point  Pleasant, 

15  423 

Allegheny  aqueduct,         23 

9* 

102 


PIT 


PORTLAND. 


FlairsvEh,                 41     74 

Mercer, 

15    60 

Johnstown,  by  R.  R.  30  1  04 

Georgetown, 

15     75 

f  Hollidaysburg,    37  141 

Meadville, 

15    90 

{  Huntingdon,       39  180 

Waterford, 

23  113 

"|   I  Lewistown,        43  223 

Erie, 

15  128 

§  ]  Duncan  Island,  46  269 



U      Middletown,       26  295 

To  Wheeling,  by  Stage. 

L  Columbia,           17  302 

Findlaysville, 

13 

Philadelphia,  R.  R.    82  394 

Washington, 

11  24 



Martinsburg, 

5  29 

To  Erie,  Pa.  by  Stage. 

Claysville, 

4  31 

Woodville,                         18 

W.  Alexandria, 

6  39 

Butler,                          9     27 

Wheeling, 

16  55 

Centrevillc,                 18     45 

Pittboro,  N.  C.  (235.) 
Plattsburg,  N.  Y.  (36.) 
Pleasant  Valley,  N.  Y.  (36.) 
Pleasant  Grove,  Va.  (216.) 
Pleasant  River  Bay,  Me. 

(42.) 

Plymouth,  N.  H.  (62.) 
Plymouth,  Mass.  (112.) 
Plymouth,  N.  C.  (238.) 
Pocomoke  Bay,  Va.  (199.) 
Pogoi  Is.,  Fl.  (323.) 
Point  Alderton,  Mass.  (86.) 
Pokanaweethty,  Fl.  (314.) 


Pompton,  N.  J.  (108.) 
Pontiac,  Mich.  (73.) 
Poplar  Spring,  Md.  (155.) 
Portage,  N.  Y.  (57.) 
Portage,  O.  (101.) 
Port  Deposit  Canal,  see 

Maryland,  (156.) 
Port  Genessec,  N.  Y.  (56.) 
Port  Glasgow,  N.  Y.  (57.) 
PortBarnet,  Pa.  (103.) 
Port  Allegheny,  Pa.  (104.) 
Port  Williams,  K.  (168.) 
Port  Royal,  Va.  (176.) 


Portland,  (63,)  the  metropolis  of  Maine,  has  a  population 
of  12,600.  Several  handsome  public  and  private  buildings, 
among  the  former  are  a  court-house,  custom-house,  10 
churches,  6  banks,  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  PORTLAND. 


To  Boston,  by  Stage. 
Saco,                                   16 
Kennebunk  port,        10    26 
Wells,                          6    32 

York, 
Portsmouth, 
Hampton  falls, 
Newburyport, 

15    47 
9     56 
13     69 

9    78 

PORTLAND.                                    103 

Bowley,                        5     83 

Eastport,                    15  231 

Topsfield,                     8     91 



Danvers,                       6     97 

To  Quebec,  by  Stage- 

Sangus,                          7  104 

Brunswick,                        27 

Boston,                        10  114 

Bodoinham,                13     40 



Gardner,                     11     51 

To  Boston,  via  Salem,  by 

Hallowell,                     4     55 

Stage. 

Augusta,                       3     58 

Rowley,  as  above,              83 

Waterville,                 17     75 

Ipswich,                       5     88 

Norridgwock,             16     91 

Hamilton,                     5     93 

Solon,                          20  111 

Wenham,                     2     95 

Moscow,                     13  124 

Beverly,                         4     99 

Ferry  over  Kenne- 

Salem,                            3  102 

beck  river,              17  141 

Lynn,                           5  107 

Monument,                48  189 

Boston,                        10  117 

St.  Joseph,                 54  243 



St.  Henry,                  28  271 

To  Eastport,  by  Stage. 

Quebec,                      12  283 

Freeport,                             18 



Brunswick,                  9     27 

To  Alfred. 

Bath,                             7     34 

Buxton                              15 

Wiscasset,                  15     49 

Alfred,                         14  29 

Waldoboro,                 18     67 



Warren,                         9     76 

To  White  Hills. 

Thomastown,               4     80 

Standish,                           17 

Carnden,                      11     91 

Hiram,                          14  31 

Belfast,                        18  109 

Boundary  line,             10  41 

Castine,  (by  water,)     9  118 

Mt.  Washington,        47  83 

Bluehill                       10  128 



Elsworth,                   14  142 

To  Paris. 

Franklin,                     12  154 

Windham,                         15 

Cherryfield,                 20  174 

Raymond,                     11  26 

Columbia,                   12  186 

Otisfield,                      11  37 

Machias,                     15  201 

Paris,                           13  50 

Whiting,                    15  216 

Portland,  N.  Y.  (77.) 
Portland,  Ala.  (283.) 
Portersville,  Ind.  (167.) 
Ports,  S.C.  (274.) 


Portsmouth,  N.  H.  (63.) 
Portsmouth  and    RoanoJce 

Rail  Road,  see  Va.  (218.) 
Portsmouth,  O.  (171.) 


104  POT 

Potato  F.,  S.  C.  (274.) 
Potomac,  Md.  (154.) 
Potomac  R.,  Md.  (177.) 
Potomac  Navigation,   see 

Virginia,  (155.) 
Potosi,  Mo.  (184.) 
Potsdam,  N.  Y.  (35.) 
Pottstown,  Pa.  (133.) 
Pottcrsvillc,  Pa.  (102..) 
Poukeepsie,  N.  Y.  (109.) 
Powclton,  Ga.  (271.) 
Prairie  duChien,  Mich.  (66.) 
Prairie  Bluff',  Ala.  (2t3.) 
Prattsville,  Md.  (154.) 
Prestonburg,  K.  (192.) 
Prescott,  U.  C.  (34.) 
Prcsque  I.,  U.  C.  (56.) 
Presque  Is.  Pa.  (76.) 


RALEIOH. 

Princeton,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Princeton,  Ind.  (166.) 
Princeton,  K.  (187.) 
Princess  Anne,  Md.  (178.) 
Prophetstown,  Ind.  (122.) 
Providence,  R.  I.  (111.) 
Providence   and  Norwich 

Rail  Road,  see  R.  I.  (111.) 
Provincetown,  Mass.  (86.) 
Prudhomme,  Lou.  (293.) 
Prunty,  Va.  (152.) 
Puckna,  Ala.  (267.) 
Pugbtown,  Va.  (154.) 
Pulaski,  T.  (227.) 
Pullneyville,  N.  Y.  (56.) 
Purdy,  T.  (226.) 
Paris,  S.  C.  (289.) 
Putnam,  Ind.  (146.) 


Q. 

Quapaw  Villagea,Ark.  (242.)     Quincy,  II.  (141.) 
Queenstuwn,  Md.  (177.)  Quincy,  F.  (315.) 

Quincy,  Mass.  (86.) 


R. 


Raleigh,  T.  (225.) 


Racoon  Spring,  K.  (191.) 
Reasville,  Ga.  (271.) 

Raleigh,  N.  f1.  (236.)  Capital  of  North  Carolina,  con 
tained  in  1830,  1,700  inhabitants.  Tiie  public  buildings 
ure  a  state-house,  court-house,  jail,  market-house,  theatre, 
two  or  three  banks,  2  churches,  &,c. 

ROUTES  FROM  RALEIGH. 

To  Richmond,  Va.,  by  Stage.  \  To  Edcnton,  by  Stage. 
Louisburg,  35  j  Wakefield,  20 
Warrenton,  23  58  j  Turboro,  46  66 
Lawrcnccville,  38  96  !  Williiimston,  34  100 
Petersburg,  50  146  Jamestown,  11  111 
Richmond,  21  167  I  Plymouth,  13  124 
!  Edenton,  14  138 


RALEIGH. — READING. 


105 


To  Newburn,  by  Stage. 
Smithfield, 

Waynesboro, 

Kingston, 

Newbern, 

To  Wilmington,  by  Stage. 
Fayetteville, 
Elizabeth,  39 

Wilmington,  61 

To  Columbia,  S.  C. 
Fayetteville, 
Laurel  Hill,  33 

Cheraw,  28 

Evans  Ford,  22 

Raleighs  Bay,  N.  C.  (258.)        Ravenna,  O.  (101.) 
Rantales,  S.  C.  (290.)  Raymond,  Me.  (63.) 

Rappahannock  R.,  Va.  (198.)     Reading,  N.  Y.  (80.) 

Reading,  Pa.  (133.)  Seat  of  justice  of  Berks  county. 
Population  in  1830,  5,859.  The  public  buildings  consist  of 
a  court-house,  two  banks,  county  offices,  7  or  8  churches, 
&c.  The  inhabitants  are  mostly  Germans,  or  descendants 
of  Germans. 

ROUTES  FROM  READING. 


re- 

Lit.  Lynches  Cr. 

21  162 

30 

Camden, 

12  174 

[    54 

Columbia, 

32  106 

;   so 



r  127 

To  Knoxmlle,  T.  by  Stage. 

Branthys, 

16 

tage. 

Pittboro, 

20    36 

58 

Ashboro, 

34    70 

1     97 

Salisbury, 

32  102 

L  158 

Statesville, 

27  129 

Morgantown, 

38  167 

1 

Ashville, 

62  229 

58 

Warm  Springs, 

36  265 

I     91 

Newport,  T. 

28  293 

3  119 

Dandridge,  T. 

15  308 

I  141 

Knoxville,  T. 

32  340 

To  Philadelphia,  by  Stage. 

Unionville,                    6     18 

Exetertown,                          7 

Pottstown,                    3     21 

Warrenburg,                 5     12 

Phenixville,                15     36 

Pottstown,                    5     17 

Norristown,                12    48 

Trap,                          10     27 

Manayunk,                    9     57 

Norristown,                  9     36 

Philadelphia,                 7     64 

Manayunk,                   9     45 



Philadelphia,                7     52 

To  Pottsville,  by  Schuylkill 

—— 

Canal, 

To  Philadelphia,  by  Scliuyl- 

Hamburg,                           23 

kill  Canal. 

Port  Clinton,                 4     27 

Birdsboro,                          12 

Schuylkill  Haven,     10    37 

106 


REA 


RHODE-ISLAND- 


Polfpvillo, 

5     42 

To  Lancaster, 

by  Stage. 

Fort  Cm  bon, 

2     44 

Ad;ims!own, 

9 



Reainstown, 

5     14 

To  Potls-cUle, 

by  Stage. 

Ephrata, 

4     18 

Maiden  (_  reek 

1 

Lancaster, 

13     31 

1  .  amburg, 

8     15 



Port  Clinton, 

5    20 

To  Harrisburg, 

by  Stage. 

Orwigsburg, 

6    26 

Sinking  Spring, 

4 

Potts  ville, 

8    34 

Womelsdorf, 

9     13 



Myerstown, 

7     20 

To  Middletown, 

by   Union 

Lebanon, 

6    26 

Canal 

, 

Milkrslown, 

5     31 

Perneville, 

15 

Palmyra, 

6    37 

"Womelsdorf, 

10     25 

Huinnielstown, 

6    43 

Stouchtitown, 

3     2rf 

Harrisburg, 

9     52 

Myerslown, 

5     33 



Lebanon, 

8    41 

To  Easton,  by  Stage. 

Tunnel, 

1     42 

Kulztown, 

17 

Swatura  river, 

7     4.9 

IVexlerstown, 

9     26 

Quittapahilla  R., 

11     60 

Allcntown, 

8    34 

Middletown, 

19     79 

Bethlehem, 

6    40 



Eastun, 

10    50 

Reading-,  O.  (148.)  Reister,  Md.  (156.) 

Red  River,  Lou.  (294.)  Renssellaerville,  N.  Y.  (82.) 

Red  Church,  Lou.  (323.)  Eeynoldsburg,  T.  (207.) 
Redheimers,  S.  C.  (273.) 

Rhode  Island,  state  of,  (111,)  is  divided  into  five  coun 
ties.  Population  in  1830,  97,212.  Area,  1,300  square 
miles.  Capitals,  Providence  and  Newport ;  metropolis, 
Providence,  lat.  41°  49'  N.  long.  5°  28'  E.  General  elec 
tion,  April  and  August.  Legislature  meets,  first  Wednes 
day  in  May,  and  last  "Wednesday  in  October.  Date  of 
Charter  (from  Charles  II.),  1663. 

Officers  of  the  government  for  one  year  :  governor,  sala 
ry  $400  ;  lieutenant-governor,  $'200  ;  secretary  of  state, 
ices  and  $750  ;  state  treasurer,  $450 ;  attorney-general, 
fees. 

General  Assembly. — Senate  consists  of  the    governor, 


RHODE  ISLAND.  107 

lieutenant-governor,  and  eight  senators.     House  of  repre- 
sentatues  consists  of  72  members,  elected  semi-annually. 

Judiciary, — is  vested  in  a  supreme  court,  composed  of  a 
chief  justice  ($650  per  annum),  arid  two  associate  judges 
($550  each),  and  a  court  of  common  pleas,  composed  01  five 
judges,  for  each  county  of  the  state.  All  the  judges  are 
appointed  annually  by  the  general  assembly. 

Physical  Structure. — No  mountains  of  great  elevation 
exist  in  this  state.  In  the  north-west  quarter,  hills  of  con 
siderable  magnitude  occur,  at  frequent  intervals;  the  sub 
stratum  being  composed  almost  entirely  of  rocks  which  fre 
quently  exhibit  themselves,  not  only  on  the  hills,  but  in  the 
valleys  also.  These  give  to  this  part  of  the  state  a  ruggid, 
and  exceedingly  broken  surface.  The  other  three  quarters 
may  be  regarded  as  level,  with  slight  interruptions  occa 
sioned  by  low  hills  :  these,  however,  diminish  in  number 
and  importance  as  the  sea-board  is  approached,  and  within 
a  few  miles  of  which  they  terminate  altogether. 

Lakes. — Watchogg  and  Charles  in  the  south  west.  Pavv- 
tuxet  arid  several  smaller  lakes  in  the  north-west. 

Rivers  and  Bays. — Narraganset  Bay;  Taunton,  Paw- 
tucket,  Pawtuxet,  Pawcatuck,  Charles  rivers,  &c. 

Islands. — Rhode,  Connanicut,  Prudence,  and  some 
smaller  islands. 

Productions. — Wheat,  rye,  corn,  oats,  barley,  garden 
vegetables,  cattle,  &c.  &c. 

Towns.  —Providence,  Newport,  Bristol,  S.  Kingston, 
Pawtuckct,  Burrelville,  Slatersville,  Pawtuxet,  &.c. 

Internal  Improvements. — Rlackslone  Canal,  (see  Massa 
chusetts.)  Stonington  Rail  Road  (now  in  progress),  ex 
tends  from  Stonington  in  Connecticut,  to  Providence,  46 
miles  in  length.  A  company  has  been  incorporated  to  con 
struct  a  Rail  Road  from  Providence  to  Norwich  in  Con 
necticut. 

Rhodes,  T.  (228.)  Richland,  N.  Y.  (57.) 

Rhinebeck,  N.  Y.  (109.)  Richmond,  N.  Y.  ( 1 34.) 

Riceboro,  G.  (305.)  Richmond,  Ind.  ( 1 48.) 

Richardsonville,  S.  C.  (272.)  Richmond  C.  H.,  Va.  (177.) 
Richfield,  N.  Y.  (81.) 


108 


RICHMOND. 


Richmond,  Va.  (197,)  capital  and  metropolis  of  Virginia. 
Population  in  1830,  16,085.  Public  buildings,  state  house, 
penitentiary,  court  house,  Virginia  armory,  theatre,  arid  8 
or  10  handsome  churches. 

ROUTES  FROM  RICHMOND. 


To  Norfolk,  by  Steam  Boat. 

Fredericksburg,         22     64 

Warwick,                             7 

Stafford  C.H.              9     73 

Osborn,                        10     17 

Aquia,                          5     78 

Eppes  Island,            22     39 

Dumfries,                     9     87 

Windmill  Point,         11     50 

Occoquan,                     9     96 

Jamestown,                24     74 

Alexandria,                  17  113 

Burrels  Bay,               13     87 

Washington,                9  122 

Newport  News,          15  102 



Craney  Island,             9  111 

To  Raleigh,  N.  C.  by  Stage. 

Norfolk,                      6  117 

Petersburg,                        21 



Notoway  R.                32     53 

To  Baltimore,  by  Steam 

Lawrenceville,           18     71 

Boat. 

RoanokeR.                19     90 

Newport  News,  as 

VVarrenton,                 19  109 

above,                           102 

Louisburg,                  23  132 

FortCalhoun,               8110 

Raleigh,                     35  167 

Old  Pt.  Comfort,          1  111 



New  ditto.                  23  134 

To  Norfolk,  by  Stage. 

Rappahannoc  R.        22  156 

Petersburg,                         2  1 

Light  Boat,                21  177 

Cabin  Point,               26     47 

Cedar  Point,               32  209 

Surry,  C.  H.               14     61 

Sharps  Island,            25  234 

Smithfield,                  18     79 

Herring  Bay,             10  244 

Nansemond  R.           11     90 

Thomas'  Point,          12  256 

Norfolk,                     25  115 

Bodkin  Pt.                 20  276 



North  Pt.                     3  279 

To  Knoxville,  Ten.  by 

Fort  M'Henry,            7  286 

Stage. 

Baltimore,                    3  289 

Powhatan  C.  H.                 32 



Cumberland  C.  H.      25     57 

To  Washington  City,  by 

Lynchburg,                56  113 

Stage. 

New  London,             11  124 

Hanover,  C.  H.                  19 

Liberty,                      15  139 

Bowlinggreen,           23     42 

Big  Lick,                  28  167 

RICHMOND. 


109 


Salem, 

7  174  |  Warm  Springs, 

36  168 

Christiansburg, 

27  201 

Hot       do. 

5  173 

Nevvbern, 

17  2J8 

White  Sulphur  Sp.     38  211 

Evansham, 

28  246 

Lewisburg, 

10  221 

Mt.  Airy, 

15  161 

Salt  Works, 

82  303 

Abingdon, 

41  302 

Charleston, 

4  307 

Blountsville, 

24  326 

Guyandot, 

41  348 

Kingsport, 

17  343 



Rogcrsville, 

26  369 

To   Winchester, 

via  Harris 

Rutledge, 
Knoxville, 

31  400 
32  432 

sonburg,  by 
So.  Anna  R. 

Stage. 
21 



Louisa  C.  H. 

30    51 

To  Guyandot,  via. 

Warm 

Gordonsville, 

15     66 

Springs,  by  Stag  e. 

Barboursville, 

6    72 

Goochland  C.  H. 

29 

Stannardsville, 

15    87 

Columbia, 

19    48 

Magaughey  T. 

23  110 

Monticello, 

17     65 

Harrisonburg, 

11  121 

Charlottesville,  &  ) 

o      70 

Mt.  Pleasant, 

25  146 

University  of  Va.     £ 

o      /o 

Woodstock, 

13  159 

York, 

19     97 

Strasburg, 

11  170 

Waynesboro, 

6  103 

Newtown, 

11  181 

Staunton, 

12  115 

Winchester, 

8  189 

Gap, 

17  132 

Richmond,  K.  (190.) 
Ridgefield,  N.  Y.  (58.) 
Ridgeville,  Pa.  (131.) 
Ridge,  S.  C.  (27-2.) 
R.  des  Moines,  (90.) 
R.  St.  Croix,  Me.  (21.) 
R.  St.  Francis,  L.  C.  (16.) 
R.  St.  Lawrence,  U.  C.  (33  ) 
River  St.  Clair,  U.C.  (51.) 
River  Head,  N.  Y.  (136.) 
Rivers,  S.  C.  (272.) 
Roanoke  R.,  Va.  (216.) 
Roanoke  inlet,  N.  C. 

(23J.) 

Robbinston,  Me.  (42.) 
Robertsville,  S.  C.  (289.) 


Rochester  Rail  Road,  see  N. 

York,  (56.) 
Rochester  and  Batavia  R. 

Road,  see  N.  York,  (56.) 
Roanoke  Navigation,  see  N. 

Carolina  &  Va.  (216.) 
Room  Run  Rail  Road,  see 

Pennsylvania,  (133.) 
Reading  R.  R.  see  Pa.  (133.) 
Rappnhannoc  Navigation, 

see  Virginia,  (176.) 
Richmond  and  Petersburg 

Rail  Road,  see  Va.(197.) 
Richmond  and  Fredericks- 
burg  Rail  Road,  see  Va.. 

(197.) 
10 


110 


ROCHESTER. 


Rochester,  N.  Y.  (56,)  a  large  commercial  and  manufac 
turing  city,  in  Monroe  county,  situated  on  the  Genesee 
river,  above  the  great  falls,  and  six  miles  from  its  entrance 
into  Lake  Ontario ;  founded  in  1812;  population  is  about 
16,000.  Public  buildings,  &c. — court  house,  jail,  twelve 
churches,  two  banks,  arcade  and  observatory,  a  splendid 
aqueduct,  804  feet  long,  and  five  or  six  excellent  hotels, 
bath  house,  &c.  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  ROCHESTER. 


To  Albany  by  Erie  Canal    ,  Tonnewanta,                1083 

Pitts  ford,                             10 

Buffalo,                        12  95 

Palmyra,                     19     29 



Newark,                       8     37 

To  Niagara  Falls. 

Lyons,                          7     44 

Parma,  by  ridge  road,        11 

Clyde,                           9     53 

Clarkson,                         7  18 

Montezuma,               1  1     64 

Gainsville,                     15  33 

Jordan,                        15     79 

Oak  Orchard,                 7  40 

Syracuse,                   20     99 

Hartland,                      14  54 

Manlius,                        9  108 

Cambria,                       11  66 

Canistota,                   16  124 

Lewistovvn,                    15  81 

Rome,                         21  145 

Niagara  Falls,                6  87 

Utica,                          15  160 



Little  Falls,               22  182 

To  Utica. 

Canajoharie,                19  201 

Pittsford,                              8 

Amsterdam,               23  224 

Mendon,                       7     15 

Schenectady,              16  240 

Bloomfield,                   5     20 

Albany,                      28  268 

Canandaigua,               9     29 



Geneva,                      16     45 

To  Buffalo  by  Erie  Canal. 

Cayuga                       14     50 

Ogden, 

Auburn,                       9     68 

Adams'  Basin,               3  15 

West  Hills,                21     89 

Brockport,                      5  20 

Lenox,                        26  115 

Holly,                             5  25 

Utica,                        26  141 

Albion,                         10  35 



Wrightsville,               11  46 

To  Buffalo,  by  Stage. 

Middleport,                    9  55 

Bergen,                              17 

Lockport,                      9  64 

Batavia,                        13  30 

Pendleton,                     9  73 

Pembroke,                   14  44 

ROC 

Ransoms  Grove, 
Williamsville, 


SAN 


8  52 

8  60 


Buffalo, 


111 

10  70 


Rock  R.,  11.  (93.) 
Rock  Ft.,  Lou.  (279.) 
Rockaway,  N.  Y.  (135.) 
Rock  Haven,  II.  (186.) 
Rockford,  N.  C.  (214.) 
Rockport,  Ind.  (188.) 
Rockville,  Ind.  (145.) 
Rockville,  Md.  (155.) 
Rockingham,  N.  C.  (235.) 
Rockymount,  Va.  (215.) 
Rogers,  Pa.  (106.) 
Rome,  N.  Y.  (58.) 
Rome,  N.  Y.  (108.) 
Rome,  Ind.  (167.) 
Romney,  Va.  (154.) 

Saluda  Canal,  see  S.  Caro 
lina,  (253.) 

Savannah  and  Ogechee 
Canal,  seeGa.  (289.) 

Seneca  CanaJ,  see  N.Y.  (80.) 

Schencctady  and  Saratoga 
Rail  Road,  see  N.Y.  (83.) 

Schencctady  and  Ulica  Rail 
Road,  see  N.  Y.  (82.) 

Sc/ntyikill  Navigation,  see 
Pa.  (134.) 

Schuylkill  Valley  Rail  Road, 
see  Pa.  (132.) 

Schuylkill  Rail  Road,  see 
Pa.  (132.) 

Schuylkill  (Little)BatZ  Road, 
see  Pa.  (133.) 

Stonington  Rail  Road,  see 
Rhode  Island,  (111.) 

Salem  Canal,  see  New  Jer 
sey,  (157.) 


Rossville,  T.  (229.) 
Rotterdam,  N.Y.  (58.) 
Rouses  Point,  L.  C.  (15.) 
Rowlando,  (255.) 
Royalton,  Vt.  (61.) 
Rumford,  Me.  (39.) 
Rushville,  II.  (118.) 
Rushville,  Ind.  (147.) 
Russel,  N.  Y.  (34.) 
Russelvillc,  K.  (208.) 
Russelville,  Ala.  (247.) 
Rutland,  Vt.  (61.) 
Rutledge,  T.  (211.) 
Rutherfordton,  N.  C.  (233.) 
Ryegate,  Vt.  (37.) 


S. 


South  Carolina  Rail  Road, 

see  S.  Carolina,  (273.) 
Santee  Canal,  see  S.  Caro 
lina,  (273.) 

Sabine  Lake,  Lou.  (319.) 
Sabine  R.,  Lou.  (306.) 
Sacket's  Harb.,  N.  Y.  (57.) 
Saco,  Me.  (63.) 
Sagharbor,  N.  Y.  (136.) 
Salem,  Mass.  (86.) 
Salem,  O.  (148.) 
Salem  N.  J.  (157.) 
Salisbury,  N.  H.  (62.) 
Salem,  II.  (165.) 
Salt  Works,  II.  (121.) 
Salt  Licks,  Lou.  (278.) 
Salt  River,  Mo.  (141.) 
Salubria,  N.  Y.  (80.) 
Saltzburg,  Pa.  (129.) 
Sandersville,  Ga.  (288.) 


112  SARATOGA  SPRINGS. 

Sandusky  Bay,  O.  (100.)  Santa  Rosa  Bay,  F.  (313.) 

Sandusky  C.,  O.  (100.)  Sautaffe  Bay,  Fl.  (328.) 

Sandwich,  U.  C.  (74.)  Santee  R.,  S.  C.  (273.) 

Sandwich,  Mass.  (1 12.)  Santilla  R.,  Ga.  (304.) 

Sandy  Point,  Mass.  (112.)  Sapclo  Sound,  Ga.  (305.) 

Sandy  Hook,  N.  Y.  (135.)  Sauk  Village,  II.  (92.) 

Sandy  Hill,  N.  Y.  (60.)  Slate  Kavigalion,  see  Vir- 
Sangamo  R.,  II.  (144.)  ginia,  (196.) 

Sangerfield,  N.  Y.  (81.)  Shenandon/i  Navigation,  see 
Santa  Rosa  I.,  F.  (312.)  Virginia,  (175.) 

Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.  (60.)  The  most  celebrated  of 
these  springs,  7  in  number,  occupy  the  central  part  of  Sara 
toga  county,  and  are  about  equi-distant  from  Schnectady  and 
Glenn's  falls.  Every  accommodation  is  afforded  the  visi- 
ters,  by  the  spacious  and  elegant  hotels,  which  abound 
here.  The  most  noted  of  these  are,  Congress  Hall,  near 
the  Congress  Springs,  United  States  Hotel,  in  the  centre  of 
the  village,  the  Pavillion,  near  Flat  Rock  Spring,  Union 
Hall,  Opposite  Congress  Hall,  Columbian  Hotel,  near  the 
Pavilion,  Washington  Hall,  in  the  north  end  of  the  village, 
together  with  some  other  hotels  and  boarding  houses. 
There  are  also  commodious  bathing  houses,  circulating 
library,  reading  rooms,  mirieralogical  cabinet,  &c.  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  SARATOGA  SPRINGS. 


To  Albany,  by  Rail  Road. 

Ballston  Spa,  6 

Schnectady,  14  20 

Albany,     '  16  36 

To  Albany,  via  Waterford. 

Ballston  Spa,  6 

Wateribrd,  12  28 


Troy,  4  32 

Albany  6  40 

To  Whitehall  by  Stage. 
Northumberland,  4 

Glenn's  falls,  and  Sandy 

hill,  15  19 

Fort  Ann,  10  29 

Whitehall,  12  41 

Savannah,  Ga.  (289,)  metropolis  of  Georgia.  Population 
in  1830,  7,303.  Public  buildings,  &c. — exchange,  banks, 
academy,  several  handsome  churches,  public  squares,  &c, 


SAVANNAH. 

ROUTES  FROM  SAVANNAH. 


113 


To  Augusta,  by  Steam  Boat. 

To  Augusta,  by  Stage. 

Arg-yle  Island, 

7 

Abercorn,                            17 

Isla  I. 

8     15 

Ebenezer,                      8     25 

Purisburg, 

16    31 

Jacksonboro,              45     70 

Beck's  Ferry, 

5     36 

Augusta,                     65  135 

Ebenezer, 

10    46 



Sisters'  Ferry 
Hudson's  Ferry, 

19     65 
25     90 

To  Milledgeville,  by  Stage. 
Gr.  Ogechee  R.                  20 

Blanket  Point, 

5     95 

Statesboro,                  29     49 

Brier  Creek, 

16  111 

Sandersville,                86  135 

Burton's  Ferry, 

24  135 

Milledgeville,             28  163 

Lower  3  runs, 

11  146 



Steel  Creek, 

12  158 

To  St.  Mary's,  by  Stage. 

Limestone  Bluff, 

13  171 

Bryan,  old  C.  H.                 17 

Dog  Ferry, 

3  174 

Riceboro,                    17     34 

Demaries  Ferry, 

11  185 

Barrington,                 20     54 

Gray's  Landing", 

10  195 

Buffalo  Cr.                 14     63 

Wallicon's  Ferry, 

29  2:24 

Scilla  R.                      10     73 

Augusta, 

7  231 

Jefferson,                     20     98 

. 

St.  Mary's,                  20  118 

To  Charleston,  by 

Steam 

___ 

Boat. 

To  Darien,  by  Stage. 

Fort  Jackson, 

3 

Sunbury, 

Elba  Island, 

5       8 

Sapelo,                           16  36 

Long  I. 

3     11 

Darien,                         12  48 

Bloody  Point, 

6     17 



Hilton  Head, 

18    35 

To  Charleston,  by  Stage. 

Trancard's  Inlet, 

4     39 

New  River,                          14 

Fripp's  Inlet, 

12     51 

Hog-town,                     9     23 

St.  Helena  Sound, 

9     60 

Coosawhatchie,           17     40 

S.  Edisto  Inlet, 

3     63 

Pocotaligo,                     6     46 

N.     do.     do. 

13     76 

Parker's  Ferry,          32     78 

Stono  Inlet, 

14    90 

Guerin's  Ferry,          17     95 

Coffin  I.  L.  House, 

11  101 

Charleston,                 11  106 

Fort  Moultrie, 

6  107 

Charleston, 

4  111 

Savannah  R.,  Ga.  (290.) 


Schenectady,  N.  Y,  (83.) 
10* 


114 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


Scodic  Pt.,  Me.  (41.) 
Seawright,  S.C.  (273.) 
Sellers,  Pa.  (133.) 
Selma,  Ala.  (283.) 
Seneca  Ind.,  U.  C.  (77.) 
Seneca  L.,  N.  Y.  (80.) 
Shakers,  (61.) 
Shallow  Lakes,  N.  H.  (31.) 
Shandeean,  N.  Y.  (82.) 
Sheffield,  Mass,  (83.) 
Shelbyville,  II.  (144.) 
Shelby ville,  Jnd.  (147.) 
Sher bourne,  N.Y.  (81.) 
Shieldsboro,  Miss.  (310-) 
Shippensburg,  Pa.  (131.) 
Shinersville,  Pa.  (106.) 
Shirleyburg,  Pa.  (131.) 
Shoreham,  Vt.  (60.) 
Shoal  R.,  II.  (11 8.) 


Shullsburg,  Mich.  (66.) 
Sidney,  Me.  (40.) 
Sistersville,  Va.  (151.) 
Three  Sister's  Islands,  Mich. 

(99.) 

Skeneateles,  N.  Y.  (80.) 
Small  Pt.,  Me.  (54.) 
Smithport,  Pa.  (104.) 
Smithfield,  Va.  (152.) 
Smyrna,  Del.  (157.) 
Solon,  N.Y.  (81.) 
Somerset,  Pa.  (129.) 
Somerset,  O.  (150.) 
Somerville,  N.  J.  (134.) 
Sorcl,  Lou.  (322.) 
Sorrel  R.,  L.  C.  (15.) 
So.  Bend,  Ind.  (96.) 
Sotos,  Lou.  (277.) 


South  Carolina,  state  of,  (253) ;  is  divided  into  29  dis, 
tricts.  Population  in  1830,  581,458,  including  315,665 
slaves;  area,  31,750  square  miles;  capital,  Columbia; 
metropolis,  Charleston;  lat.  32°  45' N.  long-.  2°  53'  W, 
General  election,  second  Monday  in  October,  biennially. 
Legislature  meet,  fourth  Monday  in  November ;  constitu 
tion  formed  1790,  since  amended. 

Government. — Governor — term  of  office  two  years, 
salary,  $3,500,  chosen  by  the  general  assembly — lieutenant- 
governor,  &c. 

Legislature : — The  legislative  power  is  vested  in  a 
senate  having  45  members,  elected  for  four  years,  one  half 
being  chosen  biennially ;  and  a  house  of  representatives, 
composed  of  124  members,  elected  for  two  years;  these 
bodies  are  styled  the  General  Assembly. 

Judiciary. — Consists  of  a  court  of  appeals,  composed  of 
three  judges,  who  receive  $3,500  per  annum,  each  ;  a  court 
of  equity,  with  two  judges,  styled  chancellors,  each  of  whom 
receives  $3,500  per  annum;  and  a  court  of  general  sessions 


SOUTH  CAROLINA.  115 

and  common  pleas,  six  judges,  with  a  salary  to  each  of 
$3,500  per  annum. 

Physical  Structure. — The  entire  sea  coast  and  for  several 
miles  inland,  the  surface  is  remarkably  level.  The  soil 
consists  of  swamps  and  marches,  insterspersed  with  ridges 
sufficiently  elevated  merely  to  escape  submersion,  some  of 
which  are  quite  inaccessible,  and  are  thus  rendered  useless. 
After  passing  the  alluvial  border,  which  is  marked  by  the 
great  road  leading  from  Fayetteville  to  Augusta,  the  coun 
try  assumes  a  more  undulating  appearance  ;  the  hills  in 
crease  in  number  and  magnitude,  until  they  become  so 
numerous  as  to  form  continuous  ridges;  these  continue  to 
enlarge  in  proceeding  westward,  and  ultimately  form  the 
spurs  and  flanks  of  the  great  blue  ridge,  which  here  forms 
a  part  of  the  boundary  of  the  state. 

Rivers. — Pedee  ;  Waccamaw;  Little  Pedee  ;  Lynches 
Creek  ;  Santee  ;  Wateree  ;  Catawba  ;  Congaree  ;  Broad  ; 
Tyger ;  Ennorce ;  Saluda ;  Cooper;  Ashley;  PJdisto; 
Combahee,  and  Savannah. 

Islands. — North  I.;  Murphey  ;  Cape  Roman;  Bulls; 
Dewecs  ;  Sullivans  ;  Holly;  Johns;  Wadrnelaw  ;  Edisto  ; 
Reynolds;  Hunting;  St.  Helena;  Ladies;  Port  Royal; 
Hilton  Head,  &c.  &c. 

Productions. — Cotton,  rice  tobacco,  fruits,  &c.  &c. 

Totcns. — Charleston,  Columbia,  Georgetown,  Cheraw, 
Camden,  Yorkville,  Spartanburg,  Pendlelon,  Abbeville, 
Edgefielci,  Hamburg,  Beaufort,  &c.  &c. 

Internal  Improvements. — South  Carolina  Rail  Road, 
commences  at  Charleston,  and  terminates  in  the  town  of 
Hamburg  opposite  Augusta,  entire  length,  135-75  miles. 
It  is  proposed  to  construct  a  branch  to  Orangcburg,  and 
thence  to  Columbia,  &c.  and  another  to  Barnwell  C.  H. 
Santee  Canal  connects  the  harbour  of  Charleston  with  the 
Santee,  length  22  miles.  Winyaw  Canal,  extends  from  Win- 
yaw  Bay  to  Kinlock  Creek,  a  branch  of  Santee  river,  length 
7-40  miles.  The  navigation  of  the  Catawba  has  been  im 
proved  by  the  construction  of  several  small  canals.  Saluda 
Canal,  extends  from  the  head  of  Saluda  shoals  to  Granby 
Ferry  on  the  Congaree,  6-20  miles  in  length.  Drehr's  Canal, 


116 


SPA 


SYR 


is  designed  to  overcome  a  fall  of  120  feet  in  Saluda  river, 
length  1  1-3  miles.  Lorick's  Canal,  on  Broad  river,  1£ 
miles  above  Columbia,  1  mile  long.  LockharCs  Canal,  in 
Union  District,  around  Lockhart's  shoals,  in  Broad  river, 
2  3-4  miles  long. 


Spains,  Ga.  (286.) 
Sparta,  Lou.  (279.) 
Sparta,  Ala.  (299.) 
Spencer,  N.  Y.  (80.) 
Spencer,  Ind.  (146.) 
Spillers,  Lou.  (309.) 
Springfield,  Mass.  (84.) 
Springfield,  II.  (143.) 
Springfield,  O.  (149.) 
Springfield,  Lou.  (309.) 
Springfield,  Va.  (154.) 
Springs,  Schooley's  Mt.,  N. 

J.  (134.) 

Squam  Beach,  N.  J.  (134.) 
St.  Albans,  Vt.  (36.) 
St.  A  maud,  L.  C.  (16.) 
St.  Andrew's  Bay,  Fl.  (314.) 
St.  Andrew's  Sd.,  Ga.  (318.) 
St.  Augustine,  Fl.  (330.) 
St.  Catharine's  Sound,  Ga. 

(305.) 

St.  Charles,  Mo.  (163.) 
St.  Clairsville,  O.  (128.) 
St.  Clair,  Mich.  (74.) 
St.  Dennis,  L.  C.,  (15.) 
St.  Francisville,  Lou.  (308.) 
St  Gabriel,  Lou.  (308.) 
St.  Helena  Sound,  S.  C. 

(290.) 

St.  Helena,  Lou.  (309.) 
St.  Joseph's  R.,  Ind.  (97.) 
St.  Johns's  R.,  Fl.  (318.) 
St  Louis,  Mo.  (163.) 


St.  Marks,  Fl.  (315.) 
St.  Martins,  Lou.  (308.) 
St.  Mary's  R.,  Ga.  (317.) 
St.  Mary's,  Ga.  (318.) 
St.  Regis,  L.  C.  (14.) 
St.  Simons  I.,  Ga.  (305.) 
St.  Stephens,  Ala.  (2!)8.) 
St.  Sulpice,  L.  C.  (15.) 
Stafford,  Ct.  (110.) 
Statesboro,  Ga.  (289.) 
Stedham,  PI.  (314.) 
Sterling,  11.  (145.) 
Steubenville,  O.  (128.) 
Stillwatcr,  N.  Y.  (83.) 
Stoddardsville,  Pa.  (107.) 
Stockbridge,  Mass,  (83.) 
Stockport,  Pa.  (107.) 
Stoystown,  Pa.  (130.) 
Strasburg,  Pa.  (156.) 
Strawberry  Ferry,  S.  C. 

(274.) 

Stuart  T.,  N.  H.  (38.) 
Sturbridge,  Mass.  (84.) 
Sturgeon  Pt.,  N.  Y.  (77.) 
SullivansL,  S.  C.  (291.) 
Sun  bury,  Pa.  (1.32.) 
Susquebanna  R.,  Pa.  (105.) 
Suwanee  R.,  Ga.  (316.) 
Suvvanee,  Fl.  (328.) 
Swansboro,  Ga.  (288.) 
Sweatz,  Lou.  (307.) 
Swedesboro,  N.  J.  (157.) 
Syracuse,  N.  Y.  (57.) 


TALLAHASSEE. — TENNESSEE. 


117 


Tallapoosa  R.,  Al.  (268.)  Talbot  Ft.  U.  C.  (76.) 

Tallahasse,  Fl.  (315.)  Capital  of  Florida,  founded  and 
immediately  incorporated  as  a  city,  in  1855.  Population 
about  1500.  The  public  buildings  are  the  capital,  some 
churches,  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  TALLAHASSEE. 


To  Pensacola. 

Richardson, 

29     45 

Salubrity,                            10 

Suwance  ferry, 

30     75 

Aspalaga,                    34     44 

Dells  P.,0. 

54  129 

Chipalo,                        ]6     60 

Picolati, 

55  184 

Choctawhatchee  R.,  47  107 

St.  Augustine, 

22  206 

Andersons,                 58  165 



Pensacola,                  37  202 

To  Lake  lamony, 

9 



To  Lake  Jackson, 

4 

To  St.  Augustine. 

To  St.  Marks, 

21 

Gadsden,                             16 

Taylorsville,  Va.  (214.) 
Taylor,  Ga.  (289.) 
Tecumseh,  Mich.  (73.) 
Tolland,  Ct.  (110.) 
Tennessee  R.,  T.  (206.) 
Tennessee  R.,  Ala.  (248.) 


Taney  T.,  Md.  (155.) 
Tappahannock,  Va.  (198.) 
Tarboro,  N.  C.  (237.) 
Tarleton,  O.  (150.) 
Tatesville,  Ala.  (299.) 
Tattnall  C.  H.,  Ga.  (288) 
Taunton,  Mass.  (111.) 

Tennessee,  state  of,  (226,)  is  divided  into  63  counties. 
Population  in  1830,  681,903,  including  141,603  slaves. 
Area  40,200  square  miles.  Capital  and  metropolis,  Nash 
ville  ;  Lat.  36°  07'  N.  Long.  9°  44'  W.  General  election, 
first  Thursday,  and  Friday  in  August,  biennially.  Legis 
lature  meet,  third  Monday  in  September  every  second 
year;  date  of  constitution  1796. 

Government. — Governer,  term  of  office  two  years,  salary 
$2,000  per  annum  ;  legislature  is  composed  of  a  senate 
and  house  of  representatives,  styled  the  General  Assembly, 
the  members  of  both  are  elected  biennially,  and  receive 
each  $4  a  day  during  the  session  of  the  legislature. 

Judiciary. — The  supreme  court  of  errors  and  appeals 
consists  of  three  judges,  salary  of  each  $1,800  per  annum, 


118  TENNESSEE. 

two  chancellors,  $1,500  each.  There  are  eleven  circuits, 
and  a  like  number  of  judges,  salary  of  each  $1,300,  per 
annum. 

Physical  Structure. — The  most  elevated  portion  of  this 
stale  is  a  ridge  of  mountains  which  divides  it  from  the  state 
of  North  Carolina,  to  which  several  local  "names  have  been 
applied.  The  most  noted  of  these  are  Unika,  Iron,  Smoky 
Bald,  and  Stone  mountains.  These  several  mountains 
form  a  single  ridge  of  the  Alleghenies,  which  next  to  the 
blue  ridge  on  the  east,  is  the  most  elevated  in  the  series. 
In  descending  the  ridge  just  mentioned,  westward,  several 
inferior  mountains  occur  at  frequent  intervals,  from  which 
spurs  issue  in  all  directions,  and  thus  modify  and  establish 
the  hydrogaphy  of  this  portion  of  the  state. 

The  same,  or  nearly  a  similar  configuration,  marks  the 
country  in  the  west  of  the  Tennessee  river,  whose  bed, 
though  in  a  deep  valley,  is  greatly  elevated  alove  the  base 
of  tide  water. 

A  few  miles  west  from  and  nearly  parallel  with  the  Ten- 
nessee  the  Cumberland  mountain  attains  its  greatest  height, 
and  presents  a  remarkable  feature  in  the  geology  of  this 
part  of  the  stale.  The  Cumberland  mountain  so  called 
assumes  the  appearance,  and  is  in  fact  an  extensive  pla 
teau,  elevated  probably,  from  1,200  to  1,500  feet  above  the 
ocean.  The  mean  width  of  this  table-land  is  not.  less  than 
40  miles  ;  the  western  shelf  of  the  Cumberland  plateau, 
forms,  with  the  exception  of  some  hills,  the  last  of  the  nu 
merous  elevations  which  distinguish  the  whole  of  the  eas 
tern  part  of  the  state,  which  is  emphatically  a  "  moun 
tain  region." 

Immediately  west  of  the  Cumberland,  but  few  hills  are 
seen,  and  the  country  generally  begins  to  assume  a  level 
aspect;  further  west,  the  surface  continues  to  decline  until 
it  is  again  broken  by  the  Tennessee,  which  here  intersects 
the  state  from  south  to  north  ;  all  beyond  is  comparatively 
level,  no  elevation  deserving  the  name  of  mountain,  existing 
in  the  entire  space  between  the  Tennessee  and  Mississippi 
rivers. 

Rivers. — Mississippi,  Obion,  Forked-deer,  Hatchy  and 
Wolf,  branches  of  the  Mississippi.  Tennessee,  French- 


TENNESSEE. — TRENTON.  119 

Broad,  Holston,  Clinch,  Tliwassee,  Elk,  Duck,  &c.  branches 
of  the  Tennessee.  Cumberland ;  Clear  Fork,  Obeys,  Caney, 
and  Stones,  branches  of  the  Cumberland. 

Productions. — Wheat,  rye,  oats,  barley,  buckwheat, 
corn,  cotton,  tobacco,  hemp,  garden  vegetables,  and  fruits 
of  many  sorts. 

Towns. — Knoxville,  Kingston,  Washington,  Clinton, 
Rutledge,  Newport,  Bluntsvillc,  &c.  in  east  Tennessee. 
Nashville,  Franklin,  Columbia,  Murfreesboro,  M'Minnville, 
Fayctteville,  &c.  in  the  Centre ;  and  Memphis,  Bolivar, 
Brownsville,  Lexington,  Jackson,  Trenton,  Dresden  and 
Reynoldsburg  in  West  Tennessee. 

Internal  1/nprovements. — None  yet  completed.  Naviga 
ble  communication  between  the  waters  of  the  Tennessee 
and  those  of  the  Coosa,  are  contemplated.  A  Rail  Road 
from  the  town  of  Randolph  on  the  Mississippi,  to  Jackson 
in  Madison  county,  65  miles,  and  one  from  Nashville  to 
New  Orleans,  are  proposed,  and  measures  for  insuring  their 
early  completion,  have  been  adopted. 

Terre  Haute,  Ind.  (145.)  Ticonderoga,  N.  Y.  (60.) 

Tazwell,  T.  (211.)  Tirnballier  Bay,  Lou.  (323.) 

Tessuntee,  N.  C.  (231.)  Tioga  R.,  N.  Y.  (79.) 

Texes,  Mex.  (274.)  Tolosa,  Fl.  (329.) 

Theobald,  K.  (169.)  Tornbecbee  R.,  Ala.  (282.) 

Thomasvillc,  Ga.  (316.)  Tomkinsville,  K.  (209.) 

Thompson,  Ct.  (111.)  Towanda,  Pa.  (106.) 

Thompsons,  S.  C.  (290.)  Towson,  Ark.  (260.) 

Thornton,  N.  H.  (62.)  Trenton,  Me.  (41.) 

Thorntown,  Ind.  (122.)  Trenton,  N.  Y.  (58.) 
Thurlow,  U.  C.  (32.) 

Trenton,  N.  J.  (134.)  Capital  of  New  Jersey.  Popula- 
tion  about  5000.  The  public  buildings  are,  a  state-house, 
two  banks,  jail,  several  large  cotton- factories,  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  TRENTON. 


To  Philadelphia ,  by  Stage. 
Tullytown,  7 

Bristol,  4  11 


Holrnsburg,  11  22 

Frankford,  4  26 

Philadelphia,  5  31 


120 


TRENTON. 


TROY. 


To  Philadelphia,  by  S.  Bt. 

To  Crosswicks,  by  Stage. 

Laniberton,                           2 

Bloomsbury,                          1 

Bordentown,                   4     6 

White  Horse,                 3     4 

Bristol,                             9  15 

Sand  Hills,  onC.  &.  A. 

Burlington,                      1  16 

Kail  Road,                  2     6 

Bridesburg,                   16  32 

Crosswicks,                    3     9 

Philadelphia,                   3  35 





To  New  Brunswick,  by  Del 

To  Easton,  Pa.  by  Stage. 

aware  and  Raritan  Canal. 

Penington,                            9 

Millham,                               1 

Ringoes,                     10     19 

Williarnsburg,             10     11 

Fleinington,                   6     25 

Kingston,                     3     14 

Pittstown,                      9     34 

Rocky  Hill,                  2     16 

Hickorytown, 

Griggstown,                 2     18 

Blooinsbury,                 5     43 

Blackwells,                    4     22 

Easton,                          8     51 

Millstone,                      3     25 

„ 

Boundbrook,                 5     30 

To  New  York,  by  Stage. 

New  Brunswick,         7     37 

Princeton,                           10 



Kingston,                      3     13 

To    Bordentown,   by    Dela 

New  Brunswick,       13     26 

ware  and  Raritan  Canal. 

Milton,                        13     39 

Bloomsbury,                         1 

Elizabethtown,             5     44 

Larnberton,                     1     2 

Newark,                        6     50 

Bordentown,                  4     6 

New  York,                10     60 





To  Saxtonville,  by  Canal. 

To  New  York,  by  Stage  and 

Yardleyville  Ferry,             5 

Steam  Boat. 

Jacobs  Creek,                 2     7 

New  Brunswick,  as 

Titusville,                       3  10 

above,                              26 

Belle  Mt.                        3  13 

Perth  Amboy,            12     38 

Lambertville  and 

New  York,                25     63 

New  Hope,                 3  16 



Prattsville,                       5  21 

Saxtonville,                    3  24 

Trenton,  T.  (226.)  Troupsville,  N.  Y.  (56.) 

Trenton,  N.  C.  (,237.) 

Troy,  N.  Y.  (83.)  A  large  and  flourishing  city,  and 
seat  of  justice  for  Ranssellaer  county.  Its  population  is 
about  15,000  with  numerous  elegant  public  buildings  and 


TRO 


UNI 


121 


private   dwellings.     Among  the  former  are   four  banks, 
seven  churches,  a  court-house,  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  TROY. 


To  Whitehall,  by  Champlain 

Sandy  Hill,                  2     50 

Canal. 

Kingsbury,                   4     54 

Lansingburg,                        4 

Fort  Ann,                      4     58 

Anthony's  Kill,           10     14 

Whitehall,                   12     70 

Stillwatcr,                     3     17 

(For    routes    to     Montreal, 

Bcrnis'  Heights,           4     21 

Utica,    Buffalo,    &c.    see 

Fort  Miller,                 12     43 

"  Routes  from  Albany.") 

Fort  Edward,               5     48  , 

Tanneicanta  Canal,  see  N. 
York. 

Troy  and    Ballston    Rail 

Road,  see  N.  York,  (83.) 
Troy,  O.  (124.) 
Troy,  Ind.  (167.) 
Troy,  Ten.  (205.) 
Truxtun,  N.  Y.  (80.) 
Truxville,  O.  (126.) 
Tuckcrton,  N.  J.  (158.) 

Ufallah,  Ga.  (301.) 
Unadilla,  N.  Y.  (81.) 
Underwood,  Ala.  (246.) 
Underwoods,  Miss.  (264.) 
Union,  N.  Y.  (83.) 
Union  Canal,  (132)  see  Pa. 


Tuckersville,  Ga.  (305.) 
Tulins,  Lou.  (277.) 
Tunkhannock,  Pa.  (107.) 
Turner,  N.  C.  (2 1 7.) 
Tuscaloosa,  Ala.  (266.) 
Tuscaloosa  R.,  Ala.  (266.) 
Tuscumbia,  Ala.  (247.) 
Tuscumbia   Rail  Road,  see 

Alabama,  (246.) 
Tushcacuta,  Miss.  (246.) 


U, 


Union,  Pa.  (153.) 
Union  Canal,  (85.)  see  N.  H. 
Union,  Mo.  (163.) 
Union,  S.  C.  (253.) 
Union  T.,  Va.  (194.) 
Unity,  Me.  (40.) 


United  States  of  North  America,  or  "AMERICA,"  as  they 
are  termed  by  foreigners,  consist  of  the  following  States, 
Territories  and  Districts. 

States. — Maine;  New  Hampshire;  Vermont;  Massa 
chusetts;  Rhode  Island  ;  Connecticut;  New  York;  New 
Jersey;  Pennsylvania;  Delaware;  Maryland;  Virginia; 
North  Carolina;  South  Carolina;  Georgia;  Alabama; 
Mississippi :  Louisiana ;  Tennessee ;  Kentucky  ;  Missouri ; 
Illinois;  Indiana,  and  Ohio. 

11 


122  UNITED    STATES. 

Territories. — Michigan,  Arkansas,  and  Florida, 

Districts. — Columbia;  Sioux;  Mandan  ;  Oregon  ;  Osage  ; 
Ozirk  and  Huron;  which  last  is  attached  to  Michigan. 

The  Districts  of  Oregon,  Mandan,  Sioux,  and  Ozark, 
comprehend  the  entire  region  lying  west  of  the  states  of 
Missouri  and  Illinois,  and  the  territories  of  Arkansas  and 
Michigan. 

The  whole  having  a  population  according  to  the  census 
of  1630,  of  12,835,106,  and  an  area  of  2,037,165  square 
miles. 

(A  more  detailed  account  of  the  States,  &c.  will  be  found 
under  the  head  of  each.) 

Capital,  Washington,  lat.  33°  53'  N.  Metropolis,  New 
York,  lat.  40°  43'  N.  long.  2°  55'  E.  Congress  meet,  first 
Monday  in  December.  Date  of  Constitution,  September 
17th,  1787.  The  elections  for  President,  and  members  of 
the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  are  determined 
by  the  state  governments  respectively,  and  occur  at  differ 
ent  periods.  The  president  is  elected  for  four  years  ;  the 
members  of  the  senate  for  six,  arid  those  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  for  two  years. 

Government. — The  executive  department,  consists  of  a 
President,  who  receives  $25,000,  and  a  Vice-President, 
$5,000  per  annum.  Four  Secretaries  who  are  respectively 
charged  with  the  duties  of  the  various  departments  of  state, 
the  treasury,  war,  and  the  navy.  Each  of  the  secretaries 
receive  a  salary  of  $6,000  per  annum;  one  post  master 
general,  $6,000 ;  and  an  attorney  general,  $3,500.  These 
hold  their  offices  at  the  will  of  the  president. 

Department  of  State. — The  secretary  of  this  branch  of 
the  government,  conducts  the  diplomatic  correspondence  at 
home  and  abroad  ;  negotiates  treaties  with  foreign  powers  ; 
disseminates  the  acts  of  Congress  and  all  treaties  ;  grants 
passports;  has  charge  of  the  patent  office,  and  of  the  seal 
of  the  United  States,  &.  &c. 

The  secretary  of  the  treasury,  superintends  all  fiscal 
concerns  of  the  government,  and,  upon  his  own  responsibi 
lity,  recommends  to  Congress  measures  for  improving  the 
condition  of  the  revenue,  and  settles  all  government  ac 
counts,  in  which  he  is  aided  by  two  comptrollers,  five 


UNITED    STATES.  123 

auditors,  a  treasurer  and  a  register.     The  General  Land 
Office  is  a  subordinate  branch  of  this  department. 

The  secretary  of  war  has  the  superintendence  of  mili 
tary  affairs  generally;  the  erection  of  fortifications;  of 
making-  topographical  surveys;  surveying  and  leasing  the 
national  lead  mines,  and  of  the  intercourse  with  Indian 
tribes. 

The  secretary  of  the  navy  issues  all  orders  to  the  navy 
of  the  United  States,  and  superintends  the  concerns  of  the 
navy  establishment  generally.  The  board  of  navy  com 
missioners  consisting  of  three  officers  of  the  navy,  is  at 
tached  to  the  office  of  the  secretary  of  the  navy.  This 
board  discharges  all  the  ministerial  duties  of  that  office. 

General  Post  Office. —  This  department  is-  under  the  su 
perintendence  of  the  post  master  general,  who  has  two 
assistants.  The  post  master  general  has  the  sole  appoint 
ment  of  all  the  post  masters  throughout  the  United  States, 
and  the  direction  of  every  thing  relating  to  this  department. 

The  Legislature, — consists  of  a  Senate  and  House  of 
Representatives;  meet  once  every  year.  The  Senate  is 
composed  of  48  members  ;  two  from  each  state.  They  are 
chosen  by  the  legislatures  of  the  several  states,  for  the  term 
of  six  years,  one-third  of  them  being  elected  biennially. 

The  vice  president  of  the  United  States  is  president  of  the 
Senate.  In  his  absence  a  president  pro  tempore  is  chosen 
by  the  Senate. 

The  House  of  Representatives  is  composed  of  members 
from  each  of  the  slates,  elected  by  the  people  for  a  term  of 
two  years.  The  present  number  of  representatives  is  235, 
and  three  delegates,  one  from  each  of  the  territories. 

The  Judiciary. — The  Supreme  Court  consists  of  a  Chief 
Justice,  with  a  salary  of  $5000  per  annum,  and  six  associ 
ate  justices,  who  receive  annually  $4500  each ;  one  attor 
ney-general,  clerk,  marshal,  &c.  The  Supreme  Court 
meets  once  a  year,  on  the  second  Monday  in  January. 

Circuit  Courts.  Each  of  the  justices  of  the  Superme 
Court,  attends  also  in  a  certain  circuit,  consisting  of  two  or 
more  districts,  appropriated  to  each,  and,  in  conjunction 
with  the  judge  of  the  district,  compose  a  Circuit  Court, 
which  is  held  in  each  district  of  the  circuit  twice  a  year. 


124 


UNI 


VANDALIA. 


The  District  courts  are  held  respectively  by  the  district 
judge  alone.  They  are  composed  of  twcnty-cightjudges,  to 
each  of  whom  a  certain  district  is  assigned.  Each  ol  these 
districts  embraces  an  entire  state,  except  those  of  New 
York,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia,  Alabama,  Louisiana,  and 
Tennessee,  which  are  divided  into  two  districts  each. 

(For  information  on  the  physical  structure,  productions, 
&c.  of  the  United  States,  see  the  individual  states.) 
University,  N.  C.  (235.)  Uppcrville,  Va.  (155.) 

Upper  Canada,  U.  C.  (54.)         Urbzinna,  O.  (1 25.) 
Upper  Marlboro,  Md.  (177.)     Urbanna,  Va.  (198.) 
Upper  Sandusky ,  O.  (1 25.)       Utica,  N.  Y.  (58.) 

Vacasausa  B.,  FJ.  (328.)  Vance,  G.  (250.) 

Vandalia,  II.  (164,)  capital  of  the  state  of  Illinois.    Popu 
lation,  1,500. 

STAGE  ROUTES  FROM  VANDALIA. 


To  Terre  Haute. 

To  America. 

Ewington,                           31 

Salem,                                  25 

Embarras  R.               28     59 

Mt.  Vernon,                24     49 

Terre  Haute,              4G  105 

Frankfort,                   30     79 

_____ 

Vienna,                        36  115 

To  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

America,                     25  140 

Greenville,                           16 



Edwardsville,             33     49 

To  Kaskaskia. 

St.  Louis,                    20     69 

Carlyle,                                 28 



Covington,                   10     38 

To  Vincennes. 

New  Nashville,             8     46 

Maysville,                           45 

Kaskaskia,                 40     86 

Lawrenceville,            42     87 



Vincennes,                   10     97 

To  Galena. 



Springfield,                          70 

To  Sfiawneetown. 

Elk  Hart  Grove,           8     78 

Salem,                                   25 

Athens,                        10     88 

Mt.  Vernon,               24     49 

Pekin,                          40   128 

M'Leansboro,             30     79 

Little  Prairie,               9  137 

Shawneetown,           28  107 

Peoria,                           1   138 

Rock  River,               76  214 

Gelena,                      63  277 

VERMONT.  125 

Vansville,  Md.  ( 1 56.)  Venus,  II.  (1 1 7.) 

Vareens,  S.  C.  (-275.)  Vcrgennes,  Vt.  (3G.) 

Varermes,  S.  C.  (252.)  Vennillion  R.,  II.  (120.) 

Vassalboro,  Me.  (40.)  Vermillion  Bay,  FJ.  (321.) 

Vermont,  state  of,  (84,)  is  divided  into  13  counties.  Po 
pulation  in  1830,  280,679.  Area,  9,800  square  miles.  Capi 
tal,  Montpelier.  Metropolis,  Bennington,  lat.  42°  53'  N. 
long.  3°  45'  LO.  General  election,  first  Tuesday  in  Septem 
ber.  Legislature  meet,  second  Thursday  in  October. 
Constitution  formed,  1777. 

Government. — Governor,  salary  8750  per  annum.  Lieu 
tenant-governor,  and  a  council  of  12  persons,  who  are  all 
chosen  annually.  Legislature  consists  of  a  single  body,  a 
house  of  representatives,  the  members  of  which  are  elected 
annually,  and  are  styled  the  General  Assembly. 

Judiciary: — consists  of  a  supreme  court,  having  a  chief 
justice  and  four  associate  judges,  and  a  county  court  for 
each  county,  composed  of  one  of  the  judges  of  the  supreme 
court  and  Uvo  assistant  judges,  all  elected  annually  by  the 
general  assembly.  A  council  of  censors  (13  persons),  is 
chosen  every  seven  years,  for  the  purpose  of  inquiring 
whether  the  laws  have  been  faithfully  executed,  &c. 

Physical  Structure. — Vermont,  as  its  name  implies,  is  a 
mountainous  region.  The  great  Allegheny  mountains  pass 
through  the  entire  length  of  the  state,  separating  the  waters 
of  the  Connecticut,  from  those  running  into  Lake  Cham- 
plain.  A  few  miles  east  from  Middlebury,  a  spur  leaves 
the  main  ridge,  and  passing  in  a  north-eastern  course,  is 
successively  broken  by  Onion,  Lamoelle  and  Misisque 
rivers.  The  space  intervening  between  the  primary  arid 
secondary  ranges,  forms  a  table-land  having  a  mean  alti 
tude  of  not  less  than  800  feet  above  the  surface  of  Lake 
Champlain.  This  plateau,  in  its  turn,  supports  a  multitude 
of  hills  and  mountain  peaks,  in  some  places  insulated,  and 
in  others  forming  continuous  ranges  of  several  miles  in  ex 
tent.  Besides  the  ridges  just  mentioned,  other  mountains 
of  great  elevation,  occur  in  the  south-western  part  of  the 
state,  altogether  presenting  a  surface  exceedingly  rough 
and  uneven. 

11* 


126  VERMONT. VIRGINIA. 

Lakes. — Champlain,  Memphramagog,  Seymour,  West- 
more,  Trout,  Bombazine,  fcc. 

Rivers. — Connecticut,  White,  Pasumsick,  Black,  Missis- 
que,  La  Moelle,  Onion,  Otter,  &c. 

Islands. — North  Hero,  South  Hero,  La  Motte,  &c. 

Productions. — Wheat,  rye,  barley,  Indian  corn,  oats, 
pot  and  pearl  ashes,  provisions,  &,c. 

Towns. — Montpelier,  Bennington,  Burlington,  Middle- 
bury,  Windsor,  Woodstock,  Rutland,  Danville,  Fayetteville, 
Vergennes,  St.  Albans,  &c.  <fcc. 

Internal  Improvements. — tifllows  Falls  Canal,  around 
those  falls,  hah  a  mile  long.  Water quechy  Canal.  W/iite 
River  Canal.  All  the  preceding  canals  are  designed  to 
overcome  falls  in  the  Connecticut  river. 

Vernon,  N.  Y.  (58.)  Versailles,  K.  (1 69.) 

Vernon,  O.  (102.)  Vevay,  Ind.  ( 1 68.) 

Vernon,  N.  J.  (108.)  Vicksburg,  Miss.  (279.) 

Vernon,  Ind.  (1 47.)  Victor,  N.  Y.  (79.) 

Vernon,  T.  (2*7.)  Vienna,  Md.  (178.) 

Vernon,  Ga.  (288.)  Vienna,  II.  (186.) 

Versailles,  Ind.  (147.)  Vincennes,  Ind.  (166.) 

Virginia,  state  of,  (193,)  is  divided  into  116  counties. 
Population  in  1830,  1,211,272,  including  489,724  slaves. 
Area,  66,6~24  square  miles.  Capital  and  metropolis,  Rich 
mond.  Lat.  37°  32'  N.  Long.  0°  26'  W.  Constitution 
amended  and  adopted  in  1830.  General  election,  April. 
Legislature  meet,  first  Monday  in  December. 

Government. — Governor  elected  by  the  General  Assembly 
• — term  of  office,  three  years,  salary  §3,333  1-3.  Lieutenant- 
governor,  $1,000.  Two  counsellors,  each  $1000.  Trea 
surer  and  auditor,  each  $2000.  Legislature,  styled  the 
General  Assembly  of  Virginia,  consists  of  a  senate  arid 
house  of  delegates.  The  senate  consists  of  32  members: 
and  the  house  of  delegates  of  134,  of  whom  31  are  elected 
by  the  counties  in  western  Virginia.  The  legislature  meets 
annually  on  the  1st  Monday  in  December,  at  Richmond, 
the  capital  of  the  state. 

Judiciary. — The  court  of  appeals  consists  of  a  president 
with  a  salary  of  $2,720,  and  four  other  judges,  whos  alary 


VIRGINIA.  127 

is  $2,500  each.  This  court  holds  two  sessions  annually, 
one  at  Richmond  for  East  Virginia  ;  the  other  at  Lewisburg 
in  Greenbier  county,  for  West  Virginia,  including  all  the 
counties  west  of  the  blue  ridge,  commencing  on  the  first 
Monday  in  July,  and  continuing  ninety  days,  if  business 
requires  it. 

General  Court. — The  state  is  divided  into  ten  districts 
and  twenty  circuits.  There  are  twenty  judges, — one  for 
each  circuit.  A  circuit  superior  court  of  law  and  chancery 
is  held  twice  every  year  in  each  county  and  corporation. 

Physical  Structure.. — All  that  portion  of  the  state  which 
lies  east  of  the  road  leading  from  Fredericksburg  to  Peters 
burg,  &c.  comprising  about  8,000  square  miles,  is  level 
and  but  little  elevated  above  the  ocean  ;  some  parts  of  it  are 
constantly,  and  others  occasionally  inundated.  The  coun 
try  which  intervenes  between  that  just  mentioned  and  the 
Blue  ridge,  is  much  broken,  its  ascents  abrupt  and  rocky, 
and  presents  other  characteristics  of  a  mountainous  region. 
West  of  the  Blue  ridge,  the  entire  region  consists  of  a  sue- 
cession  of  elevated  ridges,  between  which,  valleys  of  great 
fertility  occur,  these,  although  greatly  depressed  below  the 
summits  of  the  adjacent  mountains,  are  elevated  several 
hundred  feet  above  the  ocean  tides. 

After  passing  the  Allegheny  mountain,  the  surface  is 
much  broken  by  the  action  of  the  waters,  as  they  passed 
over  the  surface  of  that  immense  inclined  plane,  and  thus 
formed  those  deep  chasms  and  ravines,  through  which  the 
streams  generally  flow.  To  this  abrasion  may  be  ascribed 
the  mountainous  appearance  which  the  western  part  of  the 
state  presents.  What  appears  to  be  mountains,  are  how 
ever  nothing  more  than  buttresses  which  support  the  table 
land  in  the  rear.  The  natural  geography  of  the  state  may 
be  thus  briefly  defined  ;  in  the  east,  level ;  in  the  centre, 
mountainous  ;  and  in  the  west,  hilly  with  extensive  elevated 
plains. 

Bays  and  rivers. — Chesapeake  Bay,  and  rivers  Potomac, 
south  branch  of  Potomac,  Shenandouh,  Rappahannoc,  York, 
James,  Appomattox,  Nottoway,  Roanoke,  Dan,  &c.  in  the 
east ;  Ohio,  Monongahela,  Cheat,  Great  and  Little  Kanawha 


128  VIRGINIA. 

Elk,  Gauley,  Greenbricr,  New,  Guyandot,  Sandy,  Clinch, 
Holston,  &,e.,  in  the  western  part. 

Productions. — Wheat,  rye,  Indian  corn,  oats,  buck  wheat, 
tobacco,  &c.  Salt  is  manufactured  in  large  quantities  in 
the  western  part  of  the  state,  gold  is  found  in  Spotsylvania, 
and  some  of  the  adjacent  counties. 

Towns. — Richmond,  Petersburg,  Norfolk,  Lynchburg, 
Fredericksburg,  Williamsburg,  Charlottsville,  Fairfax,  War, 
renton,  Leesburg,  east  of  the  blue  ridge.  Winchester, 
Staunton,  Harrison  burg,  Warm  Spiings,  Wheeling,  Par- 
kersburg,  Charleston,  Pt.  Pleasant,  Abington,  &.c.  in  the 
west. 

Internal  Improvements. — James  River  Canal,  is  merely 
a  series  of  12  locks,  which  connects  the  river  with  a  basin 
at  Richmond  80  feet  above  tide  water.  From  this  basia 
proceeds  the  Richmond  Canal,  25  feet  wide,  and  4  deep,  for 
2£  miles,  when  it  unites  with  the  river.  Three  miles  fur. 
ther  is  a  short  canal  of  three  locks,  around  a  fall  of  34  feet. 
James  and  Jackson  River  Canal  and  Navigation,  com 
mences  at  the  basin  at  Richmond,  and  extends  to  Maiden's 
Adventure  Falls,  30|  miles.  Balcony  Falls  Canal  extends 
along  the  bank  of  Jarnes  river,  through  a  gap  of  the  Blue 
ridge,  length  G-81  miles.  An  extension  of  the  James  River 
Canal,  is  now  in  course  of  execution.  The  Roanoke  im 
provement  consist  of  a  slack  water  navigation,  and  extends 
from  the  Wcldon  Canal  in  N.  Carolina  to  Salem  in  Vir 
ginia,  244  miles.  The  Dan,  Chowan,  Slate,  Rappahannoc, 
Shenandoah,  Potomac,  Monongahela,  and  Kanawha  rivers, 
have  been  similarly  improved.  Dismal  Swamp  Canal,  ex 
tends  from  Deep  Creek,  a  tributary  of  Chesapeake  Bay,  to 
Joyces  Creek,  a  branch  of  Pasquotank  river  of  Albemarle 
sound,  length  23  miles.  Two  lateral  Canals,  one  from  Lake 
Drummond,  5  miles  in  length,  which  in  addition  to  its 
uses  for  the  purposes  of  navigation,  serves  as  a  feeder  to 
the  main  trunk  ;  and  the  other  6  miles  long,  opens  a  com 
munication  between  the  principal  canal,  and  the  head 
waters  of  North  West  River. — Rail  Roads.  Manchester 
Rail  Road,  extends  from  Manchester  to  the  coal  mines, 
length  13  miles.  Winchester  Rail  Road  extends  from 
Harper's  Ferry  to  Winchester,  length  30  miles.  Peters- 


VIRGINIA. WARM  SPRINGS.  129 

burg  and  Roanoke  Rail  Road,  extends  from  Petersburg  in 
Virginia,  to  Blakely  at  the  foot  of  the  Roanoke  canal,  in  N. 
Carolina,  length  59-38  miles.  A  branch  from  this  road 
leaves  the  main  lines  about  10  miles  from  Blakely,  which 
extends  to  the  head  of  the  rapids  of  Roanoke  length  about 
12  miles.  Portsmouth  and  Roanoke  Rail  Road,  commences 
at  Portsmouth  opposite  Norfolk,  passes  in  a  direct  course, 
intersects  the  Petersburg  Road,  6  miles  from  Blakely  arid 
terminates  in  the  Roanoke,  a  short  distance  below  the 
Petersburg  branch,  length  80  miles.  Richmond  and  Pe 
tersburg  Rail  Road,  (now  in  progress,)  length  21  -50  miles, 
Richmond  and  Fredericksbvrg  Rail  Road,  (now  in  pro- 
gress,)  length  64  miles.  BeUeplain  Rail  Road  extends 
from  Fredericksburg  to  BeUeplain,  situated  on  a  branch  of 
the  Potomac,  (in  progress,)  length  11  miles.  Several  other 
Rail  Roads  arc  proposed. 

Volina,  F.  (338.) 

W. 
Wabasfi  and  Erie  Canal,  see         Carolina,  (274.) 

Indiana,  (123.)  Winchester  Rait  Road,  see 

Wcldon  Canal,  see  N.  Caro-          Virginia,  (154.) 

lina,  (217.)  Wabash  R.,  Ind.  (122.) 

West  Chester  Rail  Road,  see     Wabash  R.,  II.  (144.) 

Pennsylvania,  (133.)  Wacanda,  Mo.  (117.) 

Waterqueche  Canal,  see  Ver-     Waddington,  N.  Y.  (34.) 

mont,  (6 1.)  Wadesboro,  K.  (206.) 

White  river  Canal,  see  Ver-     Wadesboro,  N.  C.  (234.) 

mont,  (61.)  Wallace,  Lou.  (277.) 

Wilmington  and  Downing.     Waliingford,  Ct.  (110.) 

town  Rail  Road,  see  Dcla-     Walnutgrove,  K.  (190.) 

ware  (157.)  Walterbbro,  S.  C.  (290.) 

WashingtonCanal,  see  New     Walton,  N.  Y.  (81.) 

Jersey,  (134.)  Wareboro,  Ga.  (304.) 

Winyaw  Canal,   see   South     Warm  Springs,  N.  C.  (132.) 

Warm  Springs,  Va.  (174,)  a  noted  watering  place,  situ- 
ated  in  Bath  county  on  the  western  declivity  of  Spring 
mountain.  The  waters,  used  chiefly  for  bathing,  are  char- 
acterised  by  a  high  and  uniform  degree  of  temperature, 
(97 i°,)  and  the  presence  of  sulpheretie  hydrogen,  and 
carbonic  acid  gasses. 


130  WASHINGTON. 

Warren,  Me.  (40.)  Washington,  N.  H.  (61.) 

Warren,  O.  (102.)  Washington,  Pa.  (128.) 

Warren,  Pa.  (103.)  Washington,  O.  (1 49.) 

Warren,  O.  (128.)  Washington,  Ind.  (166.) 

Warren,  Va.  (196.)  Washington,  Va.  (175.) 

Warrenton,  Va.  (176.)  Washington,  T.  (230.) 

Warrenton,  N.  C.  (216.)  Washington,  N.  C.  (237.) 

Warrenton,  Ga.  (271.)  Washington,  N.  C.  (257.) 

Warrenton,  Miss.  (279.)  Washington,  Ark.  (260.) 

Warwasing,  N.  Y.  (108.)  Washington,  Ga  (271.) 

Warwick,  R.  I.  (111.)     '  Washington,  Ala.  (284.) 

Warwick,  Md.  (157.)  Washington,  Miss.  (225.) 

Washington,  D.  C.  (176.)  Capital  of  the  United  States, 
Population,  18,827. 

This  city  is  laid  out  on  a  great  scale.  Its  avenues  and 
principal  streets,  radiate  from  centres  formed  by  the  various 
public  buildings,  and  are  from  130  to  160  feet  wide.  Penn 
sylvania  avenue,  which  leads  from  the  Capitol  to  the  Presi 
dent's  house,  is  the  principal  place  of  business,  and  the  great 
promenade  of  the  city.  Many  of  the  other  streets  are  wide 
and  well  built.  The  greater  part  of  the  city  plot,  however, 
remains  unoccupied. 

The  public  buildings,  &c.  are.  1.  The  capitol,  363  feet 
in  length,  with  an  open  area  containing  22|  acres ;  cost  of 
the  capitol  was  $2,596,500.  2.  The  president's  house 
about  1  1-4  mile  from  the  capital.  3.  The  public  offices,  four 
in  number,  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  president's 
house  ;  these  buildings  are  occupied  by  the  four  departments 
of  the  government.  4.  The  general  post  office.  The  navy 
yard  is  situated  on  the  eastern  branch  of  the  Potomac.  In 
addition  to  the  above,  which  belong  to  the  United  States, 
there  are  many  public  buildings,  erected  by  the  local  au 
thorities  of  the  city  and  others,  among  these  are ;  the  city 
hall,  Columbia  college,  catholic  college,  market  house,  the 
atre,  several  banks,  17  churches,  &c. 

ROUTES  FROM  WASHINGTON. 

To  Baltimore  by  Stage.      \  Vansville,  8  14 

Bladensburg,  6  |  Elkridge  Landing,      15  21) 


WASHINGTON.                                   131 

Baltimore                      8  37 

Millwood,                     10  71 



Winchester,                  13  84 

To  Dover,  Del. 



Bladensburg,                         6 
Pawtuxet  R.,              20     26 

To  Virginia  Springs  by 
Stage. 

Annapolis,                   14     40 

Alexandria,                           9 

Broad  Cr.  (  by  water,)  12     52 

Fairfax  C.  H.             15    24 

Sharktovvn,                    4     56 

Centreville,                   8     32 

Qucenstovvn,                 8     64 

Bull  Run,                     3     35 

Centreville,                    7     71 

Buckland  Mills,         11     46 

Georgetown,                25     96 

New  Baltimore,           4     50 

Dover,                           8  104 

Warrenton,                    6     56 



Lee's  sulphur  Sp          6     62 

To  Point  Lookout. 

Jefferson,                       3     65 

Welby,                                 7 

Fairfax  C.  H.              12     77 

Piscataway,                    8  15 

Cedar  Mt.                     6     83 

Port  Tobacco,               14  29 

Rapidan,                        6     89 

Newport,                       13  42 

Orange  C.  H.               7     96 

Chaytico,                       10  52 

(Thence  to  Montpelier, 

Leonardtown,                 5  57 

seat  of  Mr.  Madison, 

Great  Mills,                  11  68 

5  miles.) 

St.  lingoes,                    7  75 

Gordonsville,               8   104 

Pt.  Lookout,                 10  85 

Monticcllo,                 16  120 



Charlottsville   and  )     q  190 

To  Richmond,  Va. 

University  of  Va.(    ' 

Alexandria,                           9 

York,                          19  142 

Oecoauan,                     17     26 

Waynesboro,                6  148 

Dumfries,                    9     35 

Staunton,                     12  160 

Aquia,                          9     44 

Jennings  N.  Mt.         17  177 

Fredericksburg,         14     58 

Cloverdale.                   12  189 

Bowlm^grecn,            22     80 

Green  Valley,             11  200 

Hanover  C.  H.           23  103 

Warm  Springs,         13  213 

Richmond,                  19  122 

Hot  Springs                  5  218 



Jackson  River,             9  227 

To  Winchester,  Va. 

White  Sulphur  Sp.    29  256 

Alexandria,                           9 

(Thence  to  Sweet  Sul 

Fairfax  C.  H.               14  23 

phur  Sp.  18  miles.) 

Aldie,                           24  47 

Sweet  Sulphur  Sp.    28  284 

Upperville,                   14  61 

Salt  Sulphur  Sp.          1  285 

132 


WASHINGTON; 


Red  Sulphur  Spr.      14  299 

Mathew's  Point,          8    58 

(Sje  Warm  Spring-,  Sweet 

Cedar  Ft.                       7     65 

Sulphur  Springs,  &c.) 

Washington's  Birth 



place,                       11     76 

To  Frederick,  Md. 

Ragged  Point,             15     91 

Simsonville,                           7 

Pt.  Lookout,               16  107 

Rockville,                      7  14 

Patauxent  R.               20  127 

Seneca,                            7  21 

Sharp's  Island,           22  149 

Middlcbrook,                  5  26 

Herring  Bay,              10  159 

Hyattstown,                    8  34 

Bodkin  Pt.                   3-2  191 

Frederick,                     11  45 

Baltimore,                   13  204 

To  Baltimore,  by  Steam 

To  Harper's  Ferryfiy  Canal. 

Boat. 

Great  Falls,                         13 

Alexandria,                            8 

Seneca  Creek,               10  23 

Mount  Vernon,             9     17 

Peter's  Quarry,            17  40 

Crane  Island,                5     22 

Monocacy  R.                 5  45 

Cook's  Ferry,             13     35 

Cotoelin  Cr.                  12  57 

Boyu-s  Hole,               15     50 

Harper's  Ferry,            12  69 

Washitta  R.,  Ark.  (241.) 

Washitta  R.,  Lou.  (278.) 
Watcrford,  Me.  (39.) 
Waterford,  N.  Y.  (83.) 
Water  ford,  Pa.  (102.) 
Waterford,  Pa.  (131.) 
Waterford,  O.  (151.) 
Waterholes,  Miss.  (296.) 
Waterloo,  Ala.  (246.) 
Watertown,  N.  Y.  (58.) 
Watcrtown,  Ct.  (109.) 
\Vaynesboro,  T.  (227.) 
Wayncsboro,  G.  (272.) 
Waynesboro,  N.  C,  ('236.) 
Waynesville,  N.  C-  (232.) 
Waynesburg,  Pa.  (152.) 
Wayne,  Ind.  (97.) 
Wayne,  Pa.  (133.) 
Weathersford,  Ala.  (284.) 


Weatlotucko,  Ga.  (285.) 
Webbville,  Fl.  (314.) 
Well,  K.  (189.) 
Wellfleet,  Mass.  (112.) 
Wellsboro,  Pa.  (105.) 
Wells,  Me.  (63.) 
Wells,  Pa.  (156.) 
Wentvvorth,  N.  H.  (62.) 
Wentworth,  N.  C.  (215.) 
Westminister,  Vt.  (61.) 
Westminister,  Md.  (156.) 
Wcstport,  Md.  (153.) 
West  Point,  N.  Y.  (109.) 
Weston,  Va,(152.) 
Westville,  Miss.  (S.36.) 
West  Union,  O.  (170.) 
W.  Chester,  Pa.  (157.) 
West,  N.  Y.  (57.) 
Wey mouth,  N.J.  (158.^ 


WHEELING. 


133 


Wheeling,  Va.  (128.)  This  town  is  not  only  important 
as  it  regards  population,  but  is  also  a  leading  point  in  one 
of  the  great  thoroughfares  of  this  seetion  of  the  United 
States.  Its  population  in  1830,  was  5,221,  but  the  number 
has  increased  considerably  since  that  period.  The  national 
road  leading  from  Cumberland  to  the  western  capitols, 
passes  through  Wheeling;  at  this  point  emigrants  and 
travellers  embark  on  board  of  steam  boats  for  every  part  of 
the  western  country. 

ROUTES  FROM  WHEELING. 


To  Baltimore,  by  the  Nation 

To  Chillicothe. 

al  Road. 

Zanesville,  as  above,          80 

W.  Alexandria,  Pa.           16 

Union,                          9     89 

Claysville,                     6     22 

Somerset,                      9     98 

Washington,                 9     31 

Rushville,                     8  106 

Hillsboro,                    12     43 

Lancaster,                   10  116 

Brownsville,                11     54 

Tarlton,                       14  130 

Union,                         12     66 

Kingston,                     8  138 

Smythficld,                 21     87 

Chillicothe,                 12  150 

Mt.  Pleasant,  Md.      29  116 



Cumberland,               10  126 

To  Wooster,  O. 

Prattsville,                  21  147 

Harrisville,                         13 

Hancock,                    18  165 

Cadiz,                             9  22 

Williamsport,             27  192 

New  Philadelphia,       33  55 

Boonsboro,                  12  204 

Dover,  on  Canal,             3  58 

Frederick,                   16  220 

Paintville,                     18  76 

Baltimore,  by  R.  R.    59  279 

Wooster,                      16  92 

To  Columbus,  O.  by  the 
National  Road. 

To  Pittsburg. 
Washington,  Pa.               31 

St.  Clairsville,                     10 

Canonsburg,                    7  38 

Morristown,                12     22 

Birmingham,                17  55 

Fairview,                    12     34 

Pittsburg,                       1  56 

Washington,              14     48 

_____ 

Cambridge,                   7     55 

To  Pittsburg,  by  Steam 

Norwich,                    15     70 

Boat. 

Zanesville,                  10     80 

Warrenton,                          8 

Hebron,                      27  107 

Wellsburg,                     6  14 

Columbus,                 28  135 

Steubenville,                  7  21 

134 


WHITE    SULPHUR   SPRING. 


Fawcetstown, 

22  43    Point  Pleasant,  Va.    29  170 

Beaver, 

19  62 

Gallipolis,                       3  173 

Economy, 

9  71 

Guyandot,                   34  207 

Middletown, 

9  80 

Burlington,                   7  2i4 

Pittsburg, 

11  91 

Portsmouth,                41  255 



Manchester,                36  2Jl 

To  Cincinnati^  by 

S.  Boat. 

Maysville,                    10  301 

Elizabeth  town, 

13 

Ripley,                          7  308 

Sistersville, 

35    48 

Augusta,                       '9  317 

Newport, 

17     65 

Point  Pleasant,  O.      15  332 

Marietta, 

16    81 

Cincinnati,                   26  358 

Parkersburg1 

13     94 

(For  continuation  to  N.  Or 

Btlville, 

17  111 

leans,  see  "  Cincinnati." 

Letart's  Rapids, 

30  141 

White  Apple,  Miss.  (295.) 
Whitehall,  N.  Y.  (60.) 
White  Hills,  N.  H.  (38.) 


White  Plains,  N.  Y.  (109.) 
White  River,  Ind.  (123.) 
White  R.,  Ark.  (201.) 


White  Sulphur  Spring,  Va.  (194,)  in  Greenbrier  county 
a  place  of  fashionable  resort  during  the  months  of  July 
August  and  September,  and  the  most  celebrated  among  the 
innumerable  mineral  springs,  which  abound  in  the  central 
parts  of  Virginia.  The  water  is  highly  charged  with  sul 
phuretted  hydrogen  gas,  which  affects  the  atmosphere  at 
night,  to  a  considerable  distance  around  the  spring. 


Wickford,  R.  I.  (111.) 
Wilderness,  Va.  (176.) 
Wilford,  Ala.  (238.) 
Wilkesbarrc,  Pa.  (107.) 
Wilkcsville,N.  C.(213.) 
Williamsburg,  O.  (14J.) 
Williarnsburg,  Va.  (198.) 
Williamsburg,  T.  (20J.) 
Williamsburg,  K.  i210.) 
Williamsburg,  Miss.  (2J7.) 
Williamsboro,  N.  C.  (216.) 
Williamsport,  l'a.  (105.) 
WilliamsDort,  Ind.  (121.) 


Williamston,  Vt.  (37.) 
Williamston,  Mass.  (83.) 
Williamston,  N.  C.  (237.) 
Williamstown,  N.  Y.  (34.) 
Williams,  Ark.  (259.) 
Williams,  Ala.  (311.) 
Williamsport,  K.  (169.) 
Williston,  Vt.  (37.) 
Wilio'.vgrove,  Pa.  (133.) 
Willstown,  Ala.  (249.) 
Wilmington,  Vt.  (84.) 
Wilmington,  O.  (1 26.) 
Wilmington,  O.  (149.) 


WILMINGTON, 


135 


Wilmington,  Del.  (157,)  the  metropolis  of  the  state  of 
Delaware.  Population  in  1H30,  6,6-28,  is  now  probably 
8,000.  The  public  buildings  are  a  city  hall,  two  market, 
houses,  three  banks,  alms  house,  arsenal,  13  churehes,  &.c. 
There  arc  in  and  about  Wilmington,  upwards  of  100  ex- 
tensive  manufactories,  chiefly  on  the  Brandywine  creek. 
The  Brandywine  springs  are  situated  about  5  miles  west 
of  Wilujington. 

ROUTES  FROM  WILMINGTON. 


To  Philadelphia,  by  Stage.      St.  George's, 

3  15 

Chester,                               13 

Trap, 

4  19 

Darby,                              9     21 

Cantwell's, 

4  23 

Philadelphia,                 6     28 

Smyrna, 

10  33 



Hamsville, 

7  40 

To  Baltimore,  by  Stage. 

Dover, 

5  45 

Christiana,                              9 



Elktori,                            11  20 

To  Philadelphia, 

by  Steam 

Ha  v  rede  Grace,           16  36 

Boat. 

Hartford,                        11  47 

Delaware  R. 

3 

Gunpowder,                   10  57 

Marcus  Hook, 

8  11 

Baltimore,                     15  72 

Chester, 

4  15 



Lazaretto, 

5  20 

To  Dover,  Del. 

Fort  Mifflin, 

5  25 

New  Castle,                           5 

Gloucester  Point, 

5  30 

Red  Lion,                        7  12 

Philadelphia, 

3  33 

Wilsons,  Miss.  (264.) 
Wiltshire,  O.  (124.) 
Winchendon,  Mass.  (84.) 
Winchester,  Ct.  (109.) 
Win-,  heater,  O.  (124.) 
Winchester,  Va.  (154.) 
Winchester,  K.   (16J.) 
Winchester,  T.  (-228.) 
Winchester,  Miss.  (2J8.) 
Wind  Gap,  Pa.  (133.) 
Windham,  Me.  (63.) 
Windham,  Ct.  (110.) 


Windsor,  Vt.  (61.) 
Windsor,  Ct.;  110.) 
Windsor,  N.  C.  (237.) 
Winsboro,  S.  C.  (253.) 
Winy  aw  Bay,  S.  C.  (274.) 
Wiscasset,  Me.  (64.) 
Wisconsin  R  ,  Mich.  (44.) 
Witamky,  Fl.  (3:29.) 
Womelsdorf,  Pa.  (132.) 
Woodbury,  N.J.  (157.) 
Woodsfied,  O.  (151.) 
Woodstock,  Me.  (39.) 


136 


woo 


ZA.N 


Woodstock,  Vt.  (61.) 
Woodstock,  Va.  (175.) 
Woodville,  Va.  (175.) 
Woodville,  Va.  (197.) 
Woodville,  Miss.  (295.) 
Woodville,  Lou.  (324.) 

Xenia,O.(149.) 

Yadkin  R.,  N.  C.  (213.) 
Yakunnee,  Miss.  (282.) 
Yancyville,  Va.  (196.) 
Yazoo  R.,  Miss.  (263.) 
York,  or  Toronto,  U.  C.  (54.) 
York,  Me.  (63.) 
York,  II.  (145.) 


Wooster,O.  (126.) 
Worcestsr,  Mass.  (85.) 
Worthington,  O.  (125.) 
Wyliesburg,  Va.  (216.) 
Wynton,  N.  C.  (217.) 
Wyoming,  Pa.  (107.) 


X. 


Y. 


York,  Pa.  (156.) 
York,  Va.  (198.) 
York  H.,  P.  (132.) 
York  R.,  Va.  (198.) 
Yorkville,  S.  C.  (253.) 
Youngs,  II.  (165.) 


Zanesville,  O.  (150.) 


TABLE    OF    MONEY. 


137 


TABLE 

OF  THE  COMPARATIVE  VALUE  OF  MONEY, 

IN 

DIFFERENT    COUNTRIES    OF    EUKOPK,   F.STIMATFD 
IN    DOLLARS    AND    CENTS. 

The  fractional  parts  of  the  cents  are  decimals. 


GREAT  BRTAI.V.                                HOLLAND. 

$      cts. 

$ 

cts. 

Farthing                          00,46 

Stiver 

01,94 

Penny                              01,85 

Scalin 

11,64 

Groat                                07,40 

Guilder,  or  Florin 

38,80 

Shilling-                          22,-J2 

Rix  dollar 

97,00 

Crown,  or  5  shillings 

Ducat                           2 

07,86 

1   11,16 

Gold  Ducat                8 

00,00 

Sovereign,  or  pound  4  44,44 

Guinea,  21  shillings  4  66,66 

PORTUGAL. 

Re 

00,12 

FRANCE. 

Vinton 

02,50 

Denier                           00,08 

Testoon 

12,50 

Sol,  or  12deniers           00,92 

Crusade  of  ex 

50,00 

Livre  Tournois,  or 

Milrc*                          1 

25,00 

20  sols                        18,52 

Moidore                      6 

00,00 

Ecu,    or  crown,  6 

Joannese                    8 

00,00 

livres                        1   10,00 

Pistole,*  10  livres      1  85,17 

ITALY. 

Louis  d'or                  4  44,44 

Soldi 

00,80 

Franc                               18,74 

Chevelet 

03,18 

Five  franes                    93,70 

Lire* 

15,92 

Testoon 

23,88 

SPAIN. 

Croisade 

79,60 

Maravedie*                   00,30 

Pczzo  of  ex* 

92,60 

Rial                                10,00 

Gcnouine                    1 

36,12 

Pistarine                          20,00 

Pistole                         3 

20,00 

Piaster  of  ex*                80,00 

Dollar                        1  00,00 

SWITZERLAND. 

Ducat  of  ex*             1  10,00 
Pistolo                       3  60,00 

Penning- 
Cruitzer 

00,24 
00,92 

i-a* 


138 


TABLE    OF    MONET, 


$     cts. 

PRUSSIA. 

Sol* 

02,77 

$     cts. 

Gulden 

55,55 

Grosh 

00,86 

Rix  dollar 

1  00,00 

Coustic 

04,32 

Tinse 

12,96 

AUSTRIA. 

Ort 

15,55 

Cruitzer 

00,86 

Florin 

25,92 

Grosh 

03,14 

Rix  dollar* 

77,76 

Batzen 

03,44 

Ducat 

2  07,40 

Gould 

51,85 

Frederick  d'or 

3  88,80 

Rix  dollar 

77,77 

Ducat 

2  07,40 

RUSSIA. 

Altin 

03,00 

SWEDEN. 

Grievener 

10,00 

Stiver 

00,72 

Polpotin 

25,00 

Copper  marc 

02,88 

Poltin 

50,00 

Silver  marc 

08,64 

Ruble 

1  00,00 

Copper  dollar 

11,52 

Zervonitz 

2  00,00 

Caroline 

25,92 

Rix  dollar 

1  03,70 

TURKEY. 

Ducat 

2  07,40 

Mangar 

00,28 

Asper* 

01,12 

DENMARK. 

Parac 

03,33 

Skilling 

01,04 

Bestic 

05,55 

Duggen 

06,24 

Estic 

11,11 

Marc* 

16,66 

Solata 

22,22 

Rix  marc 

20,83 

Piaster* 

88,88 

Rix  ort 

25,00 

Caragrouch 

1  11,10 

Crown 

66,C6 

Xeriff 

2  22,20 

Rix  dollar 

1  00,00 

Ducat 

8  83,34 

- 

*  These  are  merely  nominal,  and  not  represented  by 
any  real  coin. 


A  LIST  OF  MAPS, 
CHARTS  AND  GEOGRAPHICAL  WORKS, 

Recently  publis'ird,  and  for  sale  by  H.  S.  TANNER, 
Geographer  and  Map  Publisher,  Shakspeare  Buildings, 
Philadelphia. 

No. 

1.  A  new  American  Atlas,  containing  Maps  of  the  several 
States  of  the  North  American  Union,  projected  and  drawn 
on  a  uniform  scale  of  fifteen  miles  to  the  inch.     Price  of 
the  work  in  half  binding,  .  .  .     $30    00 

2.  The  same,  with  the  Maps  mounted  on  rollers  and  var 
nished,  .  .  .  .  45  00 

3.  The  same,  omitting  the  Maps  of  the  World  and  quar 
ters,  and  reserving  all  those  relating  to  North  and  South 
America,  the  States,  &c.     Price  in  half  binding,         25  00 

4.  The  same  as  the  preceding,  omitting  the  Map  of  South 
America,  and  the  Geographical  Memoir,  and  reserving  all 
the  Maps  relating  to  the  continent  of  North  America,  in 
cluding  the  State  Maps.     Price  .  .          20  00 

5  Atlas  of  the  United  States.    Price,  half  bound,      800 

6.  The  same  pasted  on  pasteboards.     Price  10  00 

7.  A  new  general  Atlas,  consisting  of  imperial  sheet 
Maps  of  the   World,  2  sheets ;  World  on  Mercator's  pro 
jection,  Europe,  Asia,  Africa,   America,  North  America, 
South  America,  2  sheets ;  United  States,  Mexico,  and  British 
possessions.     Price  .  .  .  10  00 

8.  A  new  College  Atlas,  consisting  of  a  series  of  General 
Maps  of  the  various  grand  divisions  of  the  known  world, 
imperial  folio.     Price,  half  bound,  .  5  00 

9.  The  same  as  in  the  preceding,  with  the  Maps  pasted  on 
thick   pasteboards  and  varnished,  for  the  use  of  schools 
Price  .  .  .  .  .  7  50 

10.  Atlas  of  Ancient  Geography,  designed  to  illustrate  the 
works  of  the  ancient  writers,  both  sacred  and  profane,  16 
select  Maps  on  imperial  quarto.     Price,  half  bound,     3  00 

11.  A  new  Map  of  North  America,  on  four  sheets,  em 
bracing  all  the  recent  discoveries  of  Ross,  Parry,  Franklin, 
Long,  &c.  &c.    Price,  mounted  on  rollers  or  in  a  portable 
form,  .  .  .  .  .  8  00 


!40  Maps,  Charts  $c. 

12.  A  4  sheet  Map  of  Europe,  improved  to  1836,      8  00 

13.  Ditto  Asia,  ditto.  8  00 
14-             Ditto             Africa,         ditto.                      8  00 
15.  A  new  Map  of  South  America,  in  2  sheets,          4  00 
The  Maps  numbered  11,  12,  13,  14,  and  15,  are  usually 

sold  together ;  they  form  a  set  on  which  is  delineated  the 
entire  surface  of  the  earth,  and  form  as  complete  a  body 
of  geographical  information  on  the  known  world,  as  the 
cxisfinjr  state  ofknowledge  will  admit. 

10.  Map  of  the   World  on  the  Globular  projection,  tvo 
sheets.     Price,  on  rollers  and  varnished,  .  3  00 

17.  A  new  Map  of  the  United  States  of  Mexico,  with 
numerous  tables.     Price  in  pocket  case,  .  1  50 

18.  The  Traveller's  Guide,  or  Map  of  the  Roads,  Canals, 
and  Railway  routes  of  the  United  States.     Price,  in  pocket 
case,  .....  75 

19.  Map  of  the  existing  and  Contemplated  Canals  of  the 
State  of  Pennsylvania.  Price  .  .  1  25 

20.  Map  of  the  New  England   States,  for  travellers  in 
pocket  case,  .  .  .  .  1   00 

21.  Map  of  the  State  of  New  York,         ditto.  100 
2?.         Do.         States  of  Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey, 

for  travfllers,  in  pocket  case,  .  .  1   00 

23.  Map  of  the  States  of  Ohio  and  Indiana,  do.  do.  1  00 

24.  Ditto.  Virginia,  Maryland  &,  Delaware, 
for  travellers,'in  pocket  case,  .  .  1   00 

25.  Map*  of  the  Sts.  of  Kentucky  &  Tennessee,  do.  1  00 

26.  Ditto.         Nonh  &  S.Carolina,    do.     do.     100 

27.  Ditto.         Georgia  &  Alabama,    do.     do.     1  00 

28.  Ditto.          Louisiana  &  Mississippi,      do.     1   00 

29.  Ditto.         Illinois  &  Missouri,       do.     do.     1  00 
'H).  Map  of  the  territory  of  Florida,  do.     do     100 
The  same  Maps  are  put  up  separately  on  muslin,  in  a 

portable  case.     Price  each,                    .              .  2  00 

31.  Chart  of  the  World  on  Mercator's  projection,  one 
large  sheet,                    ....  00 

32.  Map  of  Europe,  one  large  sheet,              .  00 

33.  Map  of  Asia,         ditto                  .             .  00 

34.  Map  of  Africa,     ditto                   .             .  00 

35.  Map  of  America,  ditto                .            .  00 


Maps,  Charts,  <%c.  141 

36.  The  four  preceding  Maps  pasted  together  on  1  sheet 
of  convas  and  rollers,  suitable  for  schools.     Price         5  50 

37.  Map  of  North  America,  one  large  sheet,  1  00 

38.  Map  of  the  United  States,  medium  sheet,  0  50 

39.  Map  of  New  Brunswick,  Nova  Scotia,  Newfound 
land,  &c.  .  .  .  .  1  00 

40.  Chart  of  Delaware  Bay,  two  sheets,  1  00 

41.  Dissected  Maps  of  the  World,  1  large  sheet,       2  50 

42.  Ditto  Europe,  ditto.  2  50 

43.  Ditto  Asia,  ditto.  2  50 

44.  Ditto  Africa,  ditto,  2  50 

45.  Ditto  United  States,  ditto.  2  00 
45.  The  Mariner's  Atmospherical  Register  or  Weather- 
Book,                .             .             •             .             .             2  50 

47.  A  general  outline  of  the  U.  States,  with  plates,  2  50 

48.  Atlas  of  Outline  Maps,  of  the  World  and  Quarters, 
the  set,  ...  0  50 

49.  School  Atlas,  consisting  of  the  World,  Quarters,  and 
United  States,  ...  0  50 

50.  A  Geological  Survey  of  the  environs  of  Philadelphia, 
with  a  Map  coloured  geologically.     Price         .  0  63 

51.  Map  of  the  country  15  miles  round  Philadelphia,  with 
the  roads,  public  houses,  &c.  in  a  pocket  case,  0  50 

52.  Maps  of  the  World,  Europe,  Asia,  Africa  &,  America, 
mounted   on   rollers  and  varnished,  suitable  for  counting 
houses,  schools,  £c.      Price  each  $1  50,  or  the  set       7  00 

53.  Map  of  Schuylkill  county,  Pa.  on  a  scale  of  two  miles 
to  the  inch.     Price  •  .  .  1  00 

53.  The  Stranger's  Guide  to  the  public  buildings,  places 
of  amusement,  streets,  lanes,  alleys,  wharves,  principal 
hotels,  steam-boat  landings,  stage  offices,  &c.  in  the  city  of 
Philadelphia  and  adjoining  Districts,  .  1  00 

55.  A  new  and  authentic  Map  ofColumbia,  with  its  de 
partments  and  provinces,  constructed  principally  from  the 
manuscript  maps  drawn  at  Bogota  by  order  of  the  Colum 
bian  government.  Price  on  rollers  or  in  portable  form,  5  00 

Same  printed  on  bank  note  paper,  in  pocket  case,     3  50 

56.  A  View  of  the  United  States — historical,  geographi 
cal   and   statistical,  exhibiting,  in  a  convenient  form,  the 
natural  and  artificial  features  of  the  several  states,  and  em- 


142  Maps,  Charts,  <fyc. 

bracing  those  leading  branches  of  history  and  statistic?, 
bet!  adapted  to  dcvelope  the  present  condition  of  the  North 
American  Union;  illustrated  with  Maps,  &c.  by  William 
Darby,  forming  an  18mo  book  of  6UO  pages,  with  14  maps. 
Price  .  .  .  .  .  2  50 

57.  A  new  Pocket  Atlas,  of  the  United  Slates,  the  Maps, 
drawn  on  an  uniform  scale,  with  the  distances  from  place  to 
place,  Price  .  .  .  .  1  35 

58.  Map  of  the  state  of  Pennsylvania,  .  038 

59.  Drawing  Book.  No.  1.     Human  Figure.  Price  0  38 

60.  Ditto  "  2.  Landscapes,  .  0  25 

61.  Ditto  "  3.  Shipping,  .  0  38 

62.  Ditto  "  4.  Landscapes,          .  0  38 

63.  Ditto  "  5.  The  same  coloured,  0  50 

64.  Ditto  "  6.  Flowers,                .  0  38 
6".  Ditto  "  7.  Flowers,                .  0  38 

66.  Ditto  "     8.     Flowers,  .         0  38 

67.  Ditto  "     9.     Flowers,  .         0  38 

68.  Ditto  "  10.     Roses,  .        0  38 

69.  Ditto  containing  8  sheets  of  Flowers  col'd,    1  GO 
70.  A  new  and  elegant  Map  of  the  United  States,  on  a 

scale  of  30  miles  to  the  inch — 5  feet  4  inches  long,  and  4 
feet  2  inches  high.  Price  of  the  map,  on  rollers  or  in  a 
portable  form,  .  .  .  .  8  00 

Ditto  in  pocket  case,  .  .  6  50 

This  map  contains  the  following  supplementary  maps 
plans,  &c. 


1  Plan  of  the  city  of  Boston. 

2  of  New  York. 


5  of  Washington. 

6  of  Charleston. 

7  of  New  Orleans. 


3  of  Philadelphia. 

4  of  Baltimore. 

8  Map  of  the  environs  of  Boston. 
9  of  Albany,  Saratoga,  &c. 

10  of  New  York  and  New  Brunswick. 

11  of  Philadelphia  and  Trenton. 

12  of  Baltimore  and  Washington. 

13  of  Savannah,  Georgia. 

14  of  Piltsburg,  Pennsylvania. 

15  General  Map  of  Oregon  and  Manden  Districts, 

16  Chart  of  the  outlet  of  Oregon  river. 


Maps,  Charts,  <J*c.  143 

17  South  Part  of  Florida. 

18  Profile  of  the  Grand  Portage,  Maine. 

19  of  Chesapeake  and  Delaware  Canal. 

20  of  Dismal  Swamp  Canal. 

21  of  Florida  Canai. 

22  of  Erie  Canal. 

23  of  Ohio  Canal. 

24  of  Morris  Canal 

25  of  Union  Canal 

26  of  Schuylkill  Navigation. 

27  of  Pennsylvania  Canal, 

23  of  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal. 

23  of  Massachusetts  Rail  Road. 

30  of  Columbia  Rail  Road. 

31  of  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Rail  Road. 

32  Statistical  Table  of  the  Western  Districts. 

33  of  United  States,  exhibiting  the 
Area,  Capital,  Metropolis,  with  its  latitude,  longitude,  and 
population  ;  date  of  constitution  ;  time  of  stated  meeting  of 
the    Legislature  ;  day    of  general  election  ;    popuh  Uon  of 
1830,  of  each  state  and  territory  in  the  Union. 

71.  Memoirs  on  the  recent  Surveys,  Observations  and 
Internal  Improvements  in  the  United  States,  with  bi  u  i  no 
tices  of  the  new  counties,  towns,  villages,  caiiuls  and  rail 
roads,  never  before  delineated,  By   H.  S.  Tanner.      Intend- 
ed   to  accompany    his    new   map  of  the   United    Slates. 
Price.  .  .  1  00 

72.  Map  of  the  United   States,  including  the  Western 
Dictricts.     Price          .  .  .  .  0  75 

73.  Print.     View  of  Mount  Vernon,  .  050 

74.  The  same  coloured,  .  .  0  75 

75.  Atlas  of  the  state  of  South  Carolina,  containing  maps 
of  the  several  districts  drawn  on  a  uniibnn  scale  of  2  miles 
to  the  inch.  .  .  .  .  12  00 

76.  The  same  maps  put  in  a  portable  form,  at  a  price 
from  $3  5i)  to  SI  50  each. 

77.  Map  of  the  state  of  South  Carolina   on   four  sheet?, 
draAvn  and  published    in    conformity  to    the   law    of    tho 
State.  .  .  5  OJ 

78.  A  view  of  West  Florida,  embracing  its  geography, 
topography,  &c.  with  an  appendix  treating  of  its  antiqui- 


144  Maps,  Charts i  fyc. 

ties,  land  titles,  and  proposed  canals,  with  maps,  by  J.  L, 
Williams.     Price  .  .  .  2  00 

79.  Map  of  the  western  part  of  Florida,  extending  from 
Mobile  bay  to  the  Suwannee  river,  both  inclusive,  in  pocket 
case,  .  .  .  .  .  1  00 

80.  A  map  of  the  state  of  New  Jersey,  with  parts  of  the 
adjoining  States,  engraved  on  three  sheets,  by  Thomas  Gor 
don.     Improved  to  1833.     Mounted  on  rollers  or  in  a  por- 
able  form.     Price,  .  .  .  8  00 

81.  Plan  of  the  city  of  Pittsburg  and  adjacent  country. 
Price,  in  pocket  case,  .  .  .  1  00 

82.  Map  of  Northampton  and  Lehigh  counties,  Pa.  on 
rollers, 2  00 

83.  The  same  in  pocket  case,  .  .  1  50 

84.  Map  of  Montgomery  county,  Penn.  on  rollers,     1  50 

85.  The  same  in  pocket  case,  .  .  1  00 

86.  Map  of  Bucks  county,  Penn.  on  Rollers,  1  75 

87.  The  same  in  pocket  case,  .  .  1  25 

88.  Map  of  Luzerne  county,  Penn.  on  rollers,  2  00 

89.  The  same  in  a  pocket  case,         .  .  1  50 

90.  Map  of  Chester  county,  Penn.  on  rollers,  1  75 

91.  The  same  in  a  pocket  case,         »  .  1  25 

92.  Map  of  Huntingdon  county  Penn.  on  rollers,    2  00 

93.  The  same  in  a  pocket  case          .  .  1  50 

94.  Map  of  Somerset  county  Penn,  on  rollers,  2  00 
95..  The  same  in  a  pocket  case,         .             .  1  50 

96.  Map  of  Dauphin  and  Lebanon  counties,  Penn. 

on  rollers,        ,  .  .  .  .  1  75 

97.  The  same  in  a  pocket  case,         .  .  1  25 

98.  Map  of  Philadelphia  county,  Penn.  on  rollers       1  75 

99.  The  same  in  a  pocket  case,         .  .  1  25 
The  above  county  maps  are  projected  on  a  uniform  scale 

of  two  and  a  half  miles  to  an  inch, 

100.  Map   of  the  Mexican  province  of  Texas,  on  one 
large  sheet,  complied  by  S.  F.  Austin,  .  1  00 

101.  The  same  in  a  pocket  case,  .  .  1  50 

102.  The  Traveller's  Pocket  Map  of  New  York,          0  38 

103.  Ditto  ditto        Pennsylvania,        0  38 
103.             Ditto                ditto         Virginia,  0  38 
104            Ditto                ditto        North  Carolina,     0  38 


\Y 


U.C.  BERKELEY  LIBRARIES 


